1. Word of the day Catalyst:
A substance that increases the speed of a chemical reaction AND lowers the amount of energy needed
Agenda
Latin and Greek Quiz
Enzyme Notes
Enzyme Study Tool

2. Review There are four macromolecules Carbohydrates Lipids
Nucleic acids
Proteins
Monomer: amino acids
Polymer: polypeptide chains

3. Let’s study one protein: Enzymes
What do Enzymes do?
Our body makes many enzymes
Enzymes are specialized proteins that breakdown or combine molecules into things our cells need

4. Catalysts
Catalysts: decrease (lowers) the amount of energy needed to start a reaction (activation energy).
Enzyme = catalyst

5. Each enzyme is specific to a reaction
Ex: Lipase, Protease, Amylase, Lactase, Sucrase, Catalase
(Think of a Lock & Key)

6. Enzyme Animation

7. In our lab toothpickase…
What represented the enzyme?
What represented the substrate?
What represented the product?

8. Induced Fit Model
The active site on the enzyme is temporarily reshaped each time the molecules bind
Like a lock and a key – that you have to jiggle

9. How do Enzymes Work?
1. A substrate(s) fits into a active site on the enzyme.
2. The enzyme lowers the energy required to complete the reaction.
3. The product is released by the enzyme.

10. Factors that affect rates of enzymes:
1. Temperature—work best at body temp.
Cold = slow, Hot = denatured (change shape)
2. Concentration of enzyme--more enzymes to do the work = faster
3. Concentration of substrate—more to work on = the slower it goes
4. Competition with inhibitors—other substances (ex: drugs) block active site = they work slower
5. pH—each enzyme has a “best” pH. Out of that range they denature.

11. In our toothpickase lab…..
What did we do that showed enzyme concentration?
What did we do to show substrate concentration?
What did we do to represent the environment?

12. Denatured Enzyme
Definition: a change in the shape of the enzyme molecule making the enzyme useless or less effective.
The substrate no longer “fits” into its’ Active Site.
Substrate does not fit enzyme does not work

13. What does this graph tell you?

14. Enzyme Animations

15. Can you……..?
Define the key words: enzyme, catalysts, substrate, active site, activation energy, products, denatured and substrate specific
Describe how an enzyme works.
Describe factors that affect enzymes.

16. An Enzyme in Action
Can you describe
what is happening
here?

17. enzyme Which would be the substrate and product for this enzyme?
Active
Site
Substrate 1 and products 3/4
Substrate 1 P1 P2
Product
Substrate 2 P4 P3

18. Assignment Make a study tool Must have the word or concept
Must have a picture representing the word/concept
Must have a written definition of the word/concept