1. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 1 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [WiBEEM (Wireless Beacon-enabled Energy Efficient Mesh network) technology for BAN and U-City Core Services] Date Submitted: [January 17, 2007] Source: [Ho-In Jeon (1) and Jin-Seok Bae (2)] Company: [(1) Dept. Electronic Engineering, Kyung-Won University (KWU), (2) Korean Agency for Technology and Standards (KATS)] Address: [San 65, Bok-Jung-Dong, Sung-Nam-Shi, Kyung-Gi-Do, Republic of Korea] Voice 1: [ +82-31-753-2533], Voice 2:[ +82-10-4708-5328] FAX: [+82-31-753-2532], E-Mail: [jeon1394@kornet.net] Re: [This work has been supported by KATS.] Abstract:[This document proposes a Mesh Network Architecture that can be used for WBAN (Wireless Body Area Network) applications. The proposed technology is called WiBEEM providing beacon-enabled mesh network and thus reduces power consumption. The WiBEEM technology can be used not inly for WBAN not also many core services that U-Cities want to provide.] Purpose:[Technical Contributions on the IEEE 802.15 SG-WBAN Standard] Notice:This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release:The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

2. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 2 WiBEEM Technology for BAN (Body Area Network) and U-City Core Services Ho-In Jeon (1) and Jin-Seok Bae (2) (1) Kyung-Won University, and (2) KATS (Korea Agency for Technology and Standards) Republic of Korea

3. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 3 Contents Introduction to U-City and U-City Core Services Ubiquitous Networking Technologies for U-City Services Bluetooth, IEEE 802.15.4 Low Rate WPAN, and ZigBee WiBEEM Technology: The one of the best architectures for WBAN and U-City Core Services –New MAC with Multiple Beacons in One Superframe and Beacon Scheduling for Power Saving –NAA-based Addressing Mode for Efficient Address Space –Device Mobility Supported. –WiBEEM Fast Routing Supported. Conclusions

4. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 4 Goals of U-City Based on U-IT Technologies that can provide the following features: –Always Connected –Broadband Network –Every Device in One Network Construction of –Integrated, Taylored, –Intelligent, Context-Aware, and thus –Innovative City

5. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 5 3 Keywords of Ubiquitous Networking Always Connected –Shall support roaming and fast handoff. –Shall support mobility and ad-hoc networking. –Shall support seamless connections. –Shall support real-time discovery and control of devices. –Shall support barrier-free interfaces. Broadband Network –Shall support QoS to some level. –Shall support A/V streaming for VOD. Every Device in one Network –Shall support IPv6 for high-end devices. –Shall support USN (Ubiquitous Sensor Networks). –Shall support possible applications for RFID Tags

6. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 6 U-City Core Services U-Public Services U-Governance Service U-Environment Management Services U-Facility Management Services (Underground as well) U-Disaster Protection U-ITS Service U-Telematics Service U-Healthcare Service

7. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 7 U-City Additional Services U-Healthcare Service VoD and U-Education Home Viewer Service Home Appliances and Lights Control Elevator Call Service AMR Service Gas Valve Shut Down Guest / Intruder Control VoIP Service Wireless Internet Service Telematics Service with Car Remote Ignition U-Parking Lot Service Kids and Patients Care Senile Dementia Control Digital Hospital with HL7 Theme Park Management

8. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 8 Technologies and Infrastructure for U-City Transport Layer: BcN, IPv6, MPLS Broadcasting: D-TV, T-DMB, S-DMB Wired Access Network: xDSL / FTTx / HFC Wireless Access: IS-95C, CDMA 2000-1x, IMT-2000, 4G, MBWA, WiBro/WiMax, HSDPA, HSUDA Local Area Network: Ethernet WLAN: IEEE 802.11a, b, g, n, e, f, i, n, r, s, u, v, w, y WPAN: WiBEEM, WiMedia, 802.15.4 + ZigBee, 4a, 5 Terminal Interface: WWAN, RFID, IPv6

9. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 9 Evolution Roadmap of Cellular Tech. 19952005 2010 CDMA (IS-95A) 14.4 Kbps CDMA (IS-95B) 56 Kbps GSM 10 Kbps PDC 28.8 Kbps CDMA2000-1X 144 Kbps CDMA2000-1X EV-DO Rev.0 (2.4 M/153K)bps CDMA2000-1X EV-DO Rev.A (3.1/1.8)Mbps CDMA2000-1X EV-DO Rev.B N × 3.1 Mbps 2 G 3 G 3.5 G GPRS 144 Kbps EDGE 474 Kbps WCDMA Release 3 (2.3/2.3) M WCDMA Release 5 (14.4/2.3) M WCDMA Release 6 (14.4/5.8) M WCDMA Release 7/8 30 ~ 100 M 4G (HSDPA) (HSUPA) 1 G AMPS Sync. (NA) Async. (EU) 20002007 CDMA2000-1X EV-DV (3.1/1.8)Mbps 2.5 G

10. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 10 Evolutions of WWAN Technologies Internet Tech. 4G Or Wired/ Wireless Converged Network 2G/2.5G 3G 3.5G 200020052010 and Later GSM/cdmaOne W-CDMA/ cdma-2000 HSDPA Wireless Access Ethernet WLAN WiBro WLL IEEE 802.3 IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.16e t Moving Speed Cellular Tech.

11. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 11 Some Service Scenarios with WiBEEM

12. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 12 U-Healthcare Service Scenario Hospital U-Healthcare Center Internet RG(AP) 8. Emergency Service Cellular Phone Wireless Internet 10. Provision of Contents Subscribed 1. Subscription of U-Healthcare Service 2. Data Collection 3. Emergency Alert 4. Transmit the Collected Data 7. Call the Emergency Service 9. Periodic Monitoring Home 5. Store Data 6. Analyze the Data 2. Data Collection 3. Emergency Alert 4. Transmit the Collected Data WiBEEM WWAN FTTH

13. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 13 U-Healthcare Services and U-Terminal U-Terminal U-Healthcare Watch

14. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 14 U-Healthcare System Configuration WiBEEM Module Residential Gateway WiBEEM Module WiBEEM Module Interne t Base Station U-Terminal IDC Server for CDSS Transfer the sensed bio-data from the healthcare watch to IDC Algorithm for Analyzing Health Data Transmission of Analyzed Health Status to the User 2 Km < 20 m Healthcare Watch < 20 m

15. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 15 U-Healthcare Service Modules WiBEEM RF Chip CPU (ARM9 or Atmel AVR 128) CDMA (or GSM) Module GPS Module U-Terminal Sensor 1 WiBEEM RF Chip CPU (Atmel AVR 128) WiBEEM Module with Sensors or Devices ROM Device 1 RAM ROM LCD Controller Touch Pad and Controller RAM RTC Sensor 2 Sensor n Device n DSP (VoIP)

16. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 16 U-Home with WiBEEM Technology DCam. PVR VPhone DTV DAM HS/ MMRG Internet FTTH DTV PVR VPhone Refrig. DCam. PC DTV STB PDA Living Room Room #1 Room #3 Room #2 Kitchen Door Phone Water Meter Gas Meter WiBEEM Oven Cable, Satellite, Terrestrial PC AP or PNC : WiBEEM PDA DCam. Printer PC PDA Room #4 DTV Power Meter Reader Phone Jack Gas Oven Microwave Oven DSLAM Phone Jack Bath- room Utility Room WiBEEM MPC ONU VDSL MODEM : IEEE1394 Washer WiBEEM Association Point

17. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 17 U-Parking Lot Service with WiBEEM Basement 2 Basement 4 U-Parking Lot Controller WiBEEM Gateway U-City Control Center Wired Network Wireless Mesh WiBEEM MRC WiBEEM Sensor Node Assoc. Relation WiBEEM Gateway with/without Gate Controller Basement 3 Interne t U-Parking Lot Server WiBEEM

18. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 18 One MPC will take care of all the MRDs, the sensor nodes as well as moving cars with U-terminal. The gate controller functioning as the Gateway could be the best position of MPC. Association point seems to be always the same. –The MPC appears to be the best Association point for all the incoming cars. –The PNC could be the best short address assigner. The limitation of the maximum number of children for any router of the wireless network may seriously limit the applicability of the protocol. Characteristics of U-Parking Lot Service (1/2)

19. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 19 Devices are moving fast! (at least 30 Km/h) –Reassociation should be avoided due to the fact that there can be heavy unnecessary association request traffic. –The network address shall be the same for any position. Traffic Directions –Every traffic from both sensor nodes and the mobile terminal is toward the MPC. –The delivery of the traffic from the MPC to the incoming cars requires fast routing using the RREP type of AODV-like simplified reactive routing algorithm is required and possible. –No need to send RREQ by MPC, rather RREP sent directly by the moving cars. Disassociation request before leaving the network will be very important for address space reusability. Characteristics of U-Parking Lot Service (2/2)

20. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 20 Telematics Service Satellite WiBEEM Telematics WiBro Home Network Satellite DMB U-Terminal Interfaced with Car ECU through WiBEEM

21. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 21 U-ITS Service U-City Control Center Interne t U-Terminal WiBEEM MRC Traffic Controller with WiBEEM Module (WiBEEM Gateway)

22. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 22 U-Gas Station Service Gas Station Office MPC Gas Pump Mesh Gas Pump Mesh Gas Pump Mesh IN Association Point Disassociation Point OUT Gas Pump Gas Pump Gas Pump Gas Pump Gas Pump Internet

23. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 23 U-Restaurant Service Restaurant Office MPC IN Association Point Disassociation Point OUT Table 1 WiBEEM Internet Table 2 WiBEEM Table 5 WiBEEM Table 8 WiBEEM Table 7 WiBEEM Table 6 WiBEEM Table 3 WiBEEM Table 4 WiBEEM

24. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 24 One MPC at the restaurant office will take care of all the MRDs, the sensor nodes and U-terminals. The restaurant office could be the best position of MPC with MEU Gateway functionality. The U-Payment service shall also be available. The characteristics of the U-Restaurant service is almost same as the U-Gas Station service, while it can be a very dense mode environment. Characteristics of U-Restaurant Services

25. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 25 U-Tourism/Cultural Museum Monariza Historical Tower U-Terminal U-City Control Center WWAN WiBEEM

26. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 26 Dense Mode in a Subway Station R R R MPC R 15 R R R R R R 2 R 1 14 R R R R R R 5 4 3 R R R R R R R 8 7 6 R R R R R 12 9 10 R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R 13 11 R R R R R R RF Range R R R R R R R R R R R R R R

27. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 27 Dense mode means that there are a lot of nodes within the RF range of each other. If there are limitations of maximum number of children that can associate, there may be a ridiculous tree topology for the tree routing. Unnecessary routing will also be needed even if the blue routable device (node 13) may directly want to send his data to the MPC device. Characteristics of Dense Mode

28. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 28 Environment Management with Mesh A scenario in which the device 1 wishes to send its sensed data to device N which is the sensor gateway located 20 Km apart. Assumptions –The RF range of each device is assumed to be 20m. –Multi-hop topology has been used for the propagation of data –Each device is assumed to use beacon to reduce power consumption. N N-1 N-2 N-3 2 0 1 20 Km Sensor Gateway U-City Management Center Sensor Nodes

29. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 29 Fundamental Philosophies for U-City Adopt as many standardized technologies as possible. Apply minimum number of technologies. Minimize the number of terminals to be used. Provide maximum number of services. Guarantee the Interoperability for different services in the U-City Guarantee the Interoperability for different/Similar services in different U-Cities. One of the solutions could be WiBEEM technology and Broadband WWAN.

30. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 30 Mesh Networking Capabilities with very Low Power Consumptions: Multiple Beacons in BOP with Beacon Scheduling Fast Mobility Support of New Devices: RREP Single Association Point without Limitation on the Maximum Number of Children: Efficient Address Allocation with NAA Fast Association of New Device with Dynamic Topology Fast Routing: RREP-like packet transmitted by the mobile device Fast Device and Service Discovery: NAA Disassociation Notifications for Address Space Reusability QoS Support: Needs more research Apply WiBEEM technology to all the services!!! WiBEEM: the Solution for These Issues

31. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 31 Bluetooth Technology

32. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 32 Bluetooth V1.1 = IEEE 802.15.1 Forget Plug and Play - Just Play 723.2Kbps (Async) (v1.1) 3 Mbps (v2.0 EDR) 2.4GHz ISM band 3 Voice Channels 8 Participants in a Piconet Crucial component for the wireless world! Simple Cable Replacement

33. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 33 Slave 1 Piconet and Scatternet of Bluetooth Master Slave 2 Slave 3 Slave 1 Master Slave 2 Slave 3 Slave 5 Slave 4 Bluetooth Piconet: BT1.1 (Most Bluetooth devices are BT1.1 compliant, and only 8 active nodes can participate in wireless communications.) Bluetooth Scatternet: BT1.2 (Being defined in BT1.2, but not stabilized yet, and only CSR has announced the basic functionality.)

34. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 34 Fundamentals of Bluetooth Technology Long Association Time: 3 seconds –Scanning the whole channel take a long time. –Mobility cannot be supported. –The FHS (Frequency Hopping Sequence) must be downloaded. Bandwidth vs. Data Rate –723.2 Kbps using 83.5 MHz Band –Data conflicts with 1/79 whenever new PAN joins the network. Limited Number of Active Participants: 8 –Limits the applicability drastically. Scatternet is not supported yet. –Network Expandability problem.

35. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 35 Bluetooth Profiles Generic Access Profile Service Discovery Application Profile TCS-BIN-based Profiles Cordless Phone Profile Intercom Profile Serial Port Profile Generic Object Exchange Profile File Transfer Profile Object Push Profile Synchronization Profile Dial-up Networking Profile Fax Profile Headset Profile LAN Access Profile Car Profile

36. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 36 ZigBee over IEEE 802.15.4

37. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 37 Superframe Structure of 802.15.4 1514131211109876543210 GTS #1 GTS #2 Beacon CAP CFP Inactive Beacon SD (Superframe Duration) SD = aBaseSuperframeDuration * 2 SO [symbols] = 960 * 2 SO [symbols] = 15.36 * 2 SO [msec] SlotD = aBaseSlotDuration × 2 SO [symbols] = 60 × 2 SO [symbols] = 0.96 × 2 SO [msec] BI (Beacon Interval) = aBaseSuperframeDuration * 2 BO [symbols] = 960 * 2 BO [symbols] = 15.36 * 2 BO [msec] SlotD (Slot Duration) 210

38. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 38 ZigBee over 802.15.4 Protocol Stack Physical (PHY) Layer Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer Network (NWK) Layer Application Support Sublayer (APS) APS Message Broker Application Object 1 … Application (APL) Layer ZigBee Device Object (ZDO) NLDE-SAP MLDE-SAP PD-SAP 2.4 GHz Radio 868/915 MHz Radio MLME-SAP Application Framework Device Management Security Management Binding Management Network Management Application Object 240 ZDO Public Interfaces Endpoint 240 APSDE-SAP Endpoint 1 APSDE-SAP Endpoint 0 APSDE-SAP APS Security Management Reflector Management Discovery Management NWK Security Management Network Message Broker Routing Management Network Management PLME-SAP Security Service Provider ZDO Management Plane APSME-SAP - NLME-SAP IEEE 802. 15.4 ZigBee Alliance

39. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 39 Mesh of ZB Works at Non-Beacon Mode 52 5 7171 1515 12 1 17 1 13 0 35 5 36 1 21 0 20 0 22 0 23 0 19 1 18 5 24 1 0 17 2121 3030 4040 5050 6060 All the intermediate nodes have to be awake all the time. –There is no synchronization mechanism for wake up. –The router devices wastes battery very fast. –It has been reported that 2 AA batteries last only 3 hours. ZBC

40. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 40 Beacon Scheduling in ZigBee : Beacon : CAP Parent Child Beacon Tracking Beacon Tx Offset Grand Child Grand Child Beacon Tx Offset Beacon scheduling in ZigBee can be applied only for low duty cycle, e.g., 1%.

41. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 41 Problems of Beacon Scheduling in ZigBee Depth = 4, Data Transfer Path: 5 4 3 2 1 : Beacon : CAP 1 2 3 4 5 Data Transfer from 5 to 4 Serious Propagation Delay with the Increasing Depth –The delay is computed to be (n – 1) × Superframe Length Data Transfer from 4 to 3 Data Transfer from 3 to 2 Data Transfer from 2 to 1 Superframe #1 Superframe #2 Superframe #3 Superframe #4

42. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 42 Hierarchical block addressing for Tree Routing. The tree topology is specified by three parameters: –L m = Maximum Tree Depth. –C m = Maximum Number of Children per Node –R m = Maximum Number of Routable Devices Total size of Address Block allocated to the tree: Size of the block allocated to a child at level L i+1 : Basic Parameters for Addressing in ZBA 1 + C m – R m – C m × R m 1 – R m C skip (d) = L m – d – 1 1 – C m B size = L m + 1

43. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 43 Logical Address Block Assignment C m = 4, R m = 3, L m = 3 52 5 7171 1515 12 1 17 1 13 0 35 5 36 1 21 0 20 0 22 0 23 0 19 1 18 5 24 1 0 17 A n = A parent + C skip (d) × R m + n is the address of the end device when it associates at the nth order. 1 + C m – R m – C m × R m 1 – R m C skip (d) = L m – d – 1 2121 3030 4040 5050 6060

44. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 44 Limitations of ZigBee Hierarchical Addressing It wastes the address space too quickly. It limits the network expandability. It does not provide device mobility due to the limitation of the maximum number of children that can associate. Some devices cannot allow new devices to associate. Depth Number of Addresses Allocated

45. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 45 HiLow: Hierarchical Routing for 6LoWPAN Address Assignment: –MC : Maximum Number of Children –AP : Parents Address –N : The number of children that the current parent has. –C : The address of the new node. Route Computation –AP : Parents Address –AC : Current Nodes Address –MC : Maximum Number of Children

46. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 46 Limitations of HiLow Routing It wastes the address space too quickly. It limits the network expandability, and thus applicability. It does not provide device mobility due to the limitation of the maximum number of children that can associate. Depth Number of Addresses Allocated

47. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 47 Adaptive Block Addressing of 802.15.5 Stage 1: Association Stage 2: Children number collection Stage 3: Address assignment –An adaptive tree (AT) is formed. –Additional addresses are reserved. A BJ ED C I HK LOG [0] FMN [1] [children#][children#]=[8][6] [5] [5][2] [1][2][1] [1] [3][1] [1][1] resved: [beg,end]=[0,9000] branch1: [beg,end]=[9001,41000] branch2: [beg,end]=[41001,65000] [9001,13000] [13001,33000] [33001,41000] [41001,45000] [45001,65000] [13001,17000] [17001,21000] [21001,29000] [29001,33000] [33001,37000] [37001,41000] [45001,49000] [49001,61000] [61001,65000] [21001,25000] [25001,29000] [49001,53000] [53001,57000] [57001,61000] [17001,21000] [25001,29000] [53001,57000] [57001,61000] [61001,65000] [37001,41000] [29001,33000]

48. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 48 WiBEEM Protocol for WBAN and U-City Core Services

49. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 49 Overview of the WiBEEM Specification Features of WiBEEM –Consumes very low power –Ease of installation –Reliable data transfer from 250 Kbps to 4 Mbps –1-hop comm. within 30 m and expandable to several kilometers via Mesh. –Mesh topology for beacon- enabled sensor networks –Extremely low-cost –A very long battery life –A simple and flexible protocol Target market –U-Healthcare –Information Infrastructure for Digital Hospital –WBAN (Body Area Network) –U-Home Networking –Automatic Meter Reading –Universal Remote Controller –Automotive Networks –Industrial Networks –Facility Management of a City –Sensor Network –Audio/Video capable

50. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 50 WiBEEM Protocol Stack Higher Layer WiBEEM NWK Layer WiBEEM MAC Layer WiBEEM Physical (PHY) Layer Security Network Message Broker Routing Management 2.4 GHz Radio (Ch.1) NLDE-SAPNLME-SAP MLME-SAP PLME-SAPPLDE-SAP MLDE-SAP Network Management 2.4 GHz Radio (Ch.2) 2.4 GHz Radio (Ch.3) 2.4 GHz Radio (Ch.16)

51. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 51 PHY Overview of the WiBEEM Data Rate –Minimum 250 Kbps when just one channel is used. –Maximum 4 Mbps for Isochronous Data using 16 channels Channels –Max 16, Min 1 channel in the 2.4GHz ISM band –ACA (Adaptive Channel Aggregation) concept is used. Modulation –O-QPSK at 2.4GHz Coexistence with –802.11b DSSS and 802.11g OFDM of WLAN –802.15.1 FHSS of Bluetooth –802.15.3 DSSS of High-Rate WPAN –802.15.4 O-QPSK of Low-Rate WPAN

52. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 52 PPDU: 133 Bytes Preamble Sequence Start of Frame Delimiter Frame Length MPDU (MAC Protocol Data Unit) Octets: 41 1 SHR (Synchronization Header) PHR ( PHY Header ) PSDU (PHY Service Data Unit) PPDU (PHY Protocol Data Unit) 8 to 127 Bigger PPDU size would be preferable. –Large file synchronizations. –PACS applications in the hospital Data contention and delay may cause some problems.

53. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 53 MAC Overview of the WiBEEM Multiple Beacons in one Superframe Low Power Consumption due to the Perfect Synchroni- zation all over the Network by using Beacon Scheduling Dynamic Channel Selection Network Topology –Star Topology –P2P Topology –Cluster-tree Network Topology –Mesh Topology for Beacon as well as Beaconless Network 65,536 = 2 16 devices per MPID (Mesh Piconet ID) Data Security Support with AES-128 Security

54. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 54 WiBEEM MAC Services MAC Data Service MAC Management Service Beacon Management Channel Access based on CSMA/CA CFP Management Frame Validation Acknowledged Frame Delivery Association/Disassociation Data aggregation from multiple PHYs

55. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 55 WiBEEM Superframe Structure BOP 1514131211109876543210 CAPCFPDSP Beacon #1 SD (Superframe Duration) BI (Beacon Interval) BOPL BOPL = BTTSL × maxBeaconNumber [symbols] SD = aBaseSuperframeDuration × 2 SO [symbols] = 960 × 2 SO [symbols] BI = aBaseSuperframeDuration × 2 BO [symbols] = 960 × 2 BO [symbols] Beacon #1 Beacon #2 Beacon #n

56. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 56 Beacon Frame Format and Payload Frame Control Beacon Sequence Number Source Address Information Superframe Specification CFP Fields Pending Address Field Beacon Payload FCS 1 4/10 2kmVariable2 MHR (MAC Header)MSDU (MAC Service Data Unit) MFR (MAC Footer) Bits : 0-3 Beacon Order 4-7 Superframe Order 8-11 Final CAP Slot 12 Battery life Extension 13 Reserved 14 PAN Coordinator 15 Association Permit Octets: 2 1 Octets: 1 BOPL 1 My BTTS (BeaconTx TimeSlot) 1 Depth 2 NAA 2 Child Short Address 2 Parent Short Address 1 HOP Count 1 Child Device Type 1 My Profile ID 1 BTTSL

57. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 57 CFP Fields WiBEEM allows only 1 CFP. Octets : 10/13 CFP Specification CFP Directions CFP List Bits : 01-67 CFP Descriptor Count Reserved CFP Permit Bits : 0-67 CFP Directions Mask Reserved Bits : 0-1516-1920-23 Device Short Address CFP Starting Slot CFP Length

58. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 58 Pending Address Field WiBEEM allows 7 pending addresses. Octets : 1variable Pending Address Specification Address list Bits : 0-23 Number of Short Address Pending Reserved 4-67 MAX Size of Short Address Pending Reserved Octets : 2 Short Address

59. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 59 MAC Commands Command IdentifierCommand name 0x01Association request 0x02Association response 0x03Disassociation notification 0x04Data request 0x05PAN ID conflict notification 0x06Orphan notification 0x07Beacon request 0x08Coordinator realignment 0x09CFP request

60. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 60 Operating Principles of WiBEEM Devices Devices are associated sequentially, one by one. The relation between parent and children are characterized by association request and response. –My parent and children are my neighbors. –All devices I can hear are my neighbors. When an association request is granted by multiple nodes, the new node decides to associate with the node which has the lowest depth. When depth information is the same, he decides to associate with the node which transmits his beacon earlier than others.

61. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 61 Assoc. and Direct Links Relations 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Blue line: Association relations between parent and child Red Line: Direct Communication Capable Association Policy –New nodes are trying to get associated with the node which is as close to the PNC and possible. –So, a device with lower depth is the highest priority. PNC

62. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 62 Association Policy New nodes are trying to get associated with the node which is as close to the PNC and possible. So, a device with lower depth is the highest priority.. If RSSI is not high enough for reliable communications, then it can choose other node as its parent. When an association request is granted by multiple nodes, the new node decides to associate with the node which has the lowest depth. When depth information is the same, he decides to associate with the node which transmits his beacon earlier than others.

63. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 63 Assoc. and Direct Links Relations 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 PNC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

64. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 64 Beacon Scheduling Concept Node 17 Neighbor Nodes11,13,14,16 Neighbor's Neighbor Nodes 2, 5, 9, 12 Depth3 Beacon Time Slots to Avoid 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10 My BTTS6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 MPC 10 11 12 13 14 16 17 15 CFP 1 2 3 BOP CAP 456 7 1011 8 9 12 10 1415 1617 Deep Sleep 1 2 10 16 BOP 13

65. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 65 39 38 37 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 35 36 34 20 19 18 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 MPC 10 11 12 13 14 16 17 15 40 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 13 11 6 12 9 9 14 11 8 10 11 15 5 12 5 16 11 6 9 13 7 7 8 7 12 10 15 14 Beacon Scheduling for 40 Nodes CFP CAP Deep Sleep BOP 1 2 34 5 6 78 9 10 12 1113 14 1516 1 2 3456 7 10 11 8 9 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3031 32 3334 35 36 37 38 39 40 BTTSL BTTS

66. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 66 NWK Overview of the WiBEEM Network Formation by Passive and Active Scan Network Growing and Network Management Efficient Real-Time Short Address Allocations –Addressing mechanism based on NAA (Next Address Available) algorithm for Efficient Address Space Usage –The short address can be assigned in real-time. Low Latency Routing Mechanism –WiBEEM Routing based on simplified AODV-like routing –Different from the ZigBee routing Network Message Broker High speed mobility support Data Fragmentation

67. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 67 NWK General Frame Format Octets: 2 0/1 Frame Control 220/2 Target Address Origi- nator Address Max. Broadcast Hop Count Broadcast ID Number Routing Fields NWK Header Variable Frame Payload NWK Payload 2 TTL 0/1 Fragmen- tation ID Var Fragmen- tation Count Var Fragmen- tation Number Fragmentation Fields 0/1 Fragmen- tation Length Bits : 0-1 Frame Type 2-5 Protocol Version 6 Discover Route 7 Fragmentation 9 Security 10-15 Reserved 8 Multicast Flag

68. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 68 NWK Command Identifier Command Frame Identifier Command name 0x01Route request 0x02Route reply 0x03Route Error 0x04Network Check Request 0x05Network Check Response 0x06Neighbors BTTS request 0x07Neighbors BTTS response 0x08 Parent Relationship Change request 0x09 Parent Relationship Change response 0x0aParent Change Notify 0x0bStill Alive 0x0cRouting Table request 0x0dRouting Table response 0x0eNAA Grant Request 0x0fNAA Grant Response 0x10BTTSL Change Request 0x11BTTSL Change Response 0x12Device Wake Time Update (opt.) 0x13 Device SP Request (Request Data format) (opt.) 0x14 Device SP Response (Response Data format) (opt.) 0x15Device Reserve Period (opt.) 0x16POS Range Request (opt.) 0x17POS Range Response (opt.) 0x00, 0x18~0xffReserved

69. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 69 Short Address Allocation Mechanisms CAA (Centralized Address Allocations) –The new device waits until the PNC allocates one. –It may take too much time for the address allocation. LBA (Logical Block Addressing) –Waste of address space Hi-Low (Hierarchical Routing for 6LoWPAN: IETF) –Waste of address space ABA (Adaptive Block Addressing: IEEE 802.15.5) NAA (Next Address Available) –Possible address conflicts but can be resolved. –Perfect 16-bit address space reusability

70. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 70 NAA Informartion in Beacon Payload Frame Control Beacon Sequence Number Source Address Information Superframe Specification CFP Fields Pending Address Field Beacon Payload FCS 1 4/10 2kmVariable2 MHR (MAC Header)MSDU (MAC Service Data Unit) MFR (MAC Footer) Bits : 0-3 Beacon Order 4-7 Superframe Order 8-11 Final CAP Slot 12 Battery life Extension 13 Reserved 14 PAN Coordinator 15 Association Permit Octets: 2 1 Octets: 1 BOPL 1 My BTTS (BeaconTx TimeSlot) 1 Depth 2 NAA 2 Child Short Address 2 Parent Short Address 1 HOP Count 1 Child Device Type 1 My Profile ID 1 BTTSL

71. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 71 A CDB G MPC MRC NAA Value in the Beacon Payload is 6 Efficient Real-Time Addressing by NAA Association Request Association Response NAA Grant Request NAA Grant Response

72. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 72 A CDB E=6G MRC 1 2 3 NAA Value in the Beacon Payload is 6 Efficient Real-Time Addressing by NAA Association Request Association Response NAA Grant Request NAA Grant Response MPC

73. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 73 A CDB EG MRC NAA Value in the Beacon Payload is 7. 4 Efficient Real-Time Addressing by NAA Association Request Association Response NAA Grant Request NAA Grant Response MPC

74. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 74 A CDB E F=7 G Association Request Association Response NAA Grant Request NAA Grant Response MC MRC NAA Value in the Beacon Payload is 7. 4 2 1 3 Efficient Real-Time Addressing by NAA MPC

75. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 75 Advantages of WiBEEM Addressing No address waste. Device discovery done when the address is granted. The concept of NAA (Next Address Available) allows the complete reuse of the 16-bit address space when the node has been disassociated. Possible address conflicts that can be resolved when two nodes join the network at the same time. Reasonable delay for resolving the address conflicts.

76. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 76 WiBEEM Routing The NAA does not allow the tree routing because of the no-systematic addressing mechanism. The tree routing, however, limits the applicability of the protocol drastically. –The number of new devices to join in. –Device mobility WiBEEM routing has only one mandatory routing algorithm: –Does not support Tree routing. –WiBEEM routing with simplified AOVD-like reactive routing. –Different from ZigBee routing –Different from HiLow routing.

77. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 77 LOADDYMO-lowAODVTinyAODVZigBee WiBEEM RERR MessageUse Sequence Number No UseUse No Use Precursor listsNo Use UseNo Use Gratuitous RREPNo Use UseNo Use Hop CountOpt Use No Use Opt Hello MessagesNo Use UseNo Use Local repairNo Use UseNo UseUse No Use Energy UsageLow HighLow Memory UsageLow HighLow MobilityMobile/Static Mobile Mobile/Static Mobile Control Packet Aggregation No UseUseNo Use Comparison of Routing Protocols

78. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 78 Implementation of WiBEEM Technology : U-Parking Lot System

79. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 79 Why U-Parking Lot? Wide area of parking lot space covering several hundred meters with 4 or 5 floors using WiBEEM mesh network. When the parking lot is in the underground, there is no location information based on GPS processing, and the WPAN mesh will be the only mechanism that can provide location information. Cars coming into the parking lot can be 32,000 associating with one single point of the network, and sensors can be upto 32,536. Devices are moving as fast as 30 Km. Very similar to the infrastructure of digital hospital. –Emergency ambulances are coming rapidly. –Need to get information about the car and patient as soon as possible using the digital hospital infrastructure. –While moving, information has to be updated. Once U-Parking Lot service is implemented, almost every service can be proved.

80. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 80 U-Parking Lot Service with WiBEEM Basement 2 Basement 4 U-Parking Lot Controller WiBEEM Gateway U-City Control Center Wired Network Wireless Mesh WiBEEM MRC WiBEEM Sensor Node Assoc. Relation WiBEEM Gateway with/without Gate Controller Basement 3 Interne t U-Parking Lot Server WiBEEM

81. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 81 MPC Module

82. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 82 MRC Module

83. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 83 Ultra Sonar Sensor Module

84. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 84 Terminal Carried in the Car

85. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 85 PAN Formation The WPAN has been formed successfully by associating sequentially, one, by one. –Initial WiBEEM Network formed. MPC MRC Sensor

86. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 86 Beacon Scheduling in the BOP Beacon Scheduling Performed Successfully –Transmission and reception of WiBEEM Devices. –Checked the BOP (Beacon Only Period). –Checked the Beacon Scheduling in the BOP. MPC MRC MPC

87. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 87 Beacon Scheduling in the BOP BOP NAA

88. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 88 Short Address Allocation based on NAA Short address allocation based on NAA has been implemented –The beacon contains the new address continuously. –When there is a address conflict, address reassignement was made successfully. MPC MRC Sensor

89. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 89 Address Allocation by NAA NAA in Beacon Payload Assigned Address NAA Update Command BTTS Request Command

90. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 90 WiBEEM Routing Checked that the optimal route has been found. –Checked the validity of WiBEEM routing algorithm. MPC MRC

91. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 91 WiBEEM Routing Table in each MRC The routing tables of each device has been shown Format: 0x0001 : 0x0005 : 0x0005 Destination Address Next-hop Address Depth

92. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 92 Parent-Child Relationship Change When the overall network has been formed and a device is moving, there is the disconnection between the parent and child device. By using Parent-Child Relationship Change command, the mesh network works without reconfiguration. –This confirms the mobility support of WiBEEM devices MPC MRC 2 MRC 1 MRC 3 Sensor 1 Sensor 2

93. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 93 Parent-Child Relationship Change Relationship Change Command

94. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 94 Photo of Basement 1

95. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 95 Photo of Basement 2

96. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 96 Area 2 Area 1 S9 1 9 11 10 12 Diagram of Masement 1 MR C MPC Sensor S8 S9 S8

97. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 97 S5 S6 S1 S2 S3 S4 Area 1 Area 2 Area 3 Area 4 Gate to Basement 2 7 6 5 MPC 1 2 13 3 8 4 14 Diagram of Basement 2 S2 S1S5 S6 S4 S3 S7

98. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 98 Photo of MRC installed

99. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 99 Photo of Sensor Module Installed

100. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 100 Photo of MPC and Server

101. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 101 Connecting Corridor between B1 and B2

102. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 102 Display of Server Program Executed

103. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 103 Status of Sensor Module Displayed Position Information Address Information of Sensor Nodes and MRC Number of Cars Parked

104. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 104 Display after successful association Display when successful association is made.

105. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 105 Display after a space has been allocated. The available parking space is B2 in floor

106. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 106 Parking Space Reassignment Due to Unexpected Preemption When the parking space that been assigned to park is preempted by an unexpected car, the WiBEEM system automatically informs the driver where to park.

107. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 107 Search of drivers parking space The terminal can tell the driver where he parked his car.

108. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 108 5C…

109. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 109 IEEE 802 Five Criteria BROAD MARKET POTENTIAL –Broad sets of applicability –Multiple vendors, numerous users COMPATIBILITY DISTINCT IDENTITY –Substantially different from other 802 Projects –One unique solution per problem (not two solutions to a problem) TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY –Demonstrated system feasibility –Proven technology, reasonable testing ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY –Known cost factors, reliable data –Reasonable cost for performance

110. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 110 Conclusions Introduced Concept of U-City and Services Networking Technologies for U-City Core Services Analyzed the fundamental limitations of Bluetooth and ZigBee over IEEE 802.15.4 protocol. Introduced WiBEEM (Mesh-Enabled USN) Architecture –Multiple beacons in one superframe –All the beacons are scheduled to avoid beacon conflicts. –Real-time, efficient short address allocation based on NAA. WiBEEM Protocol is one of the the best technologies for WBAN, Digital Hospital Information Infrastructure, and many U-City Core Services. It provides best interoperability for the services.

111. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban Submission January 2007 Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 111 Acknowledgment This work has been supported by KATS.