1. Health care Reimbursement
Institutional affiliation
Date

2. Introduction History of PPACA 2010
There are many discussions about Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (PPACA) whether it is constitutional or unconstitutional or a complicated issues.
There are many discussions about Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (PPACA) whether it is constitutional or unconstitutional or a complicated issues. Debate about who should pay for the health started long time ago. Many issues came across such as whether some patients are worthy receiving free or reduced medication fee than others. American colonist funded hospitals with funding streams which are complicated as the way they are today. In 1800s, u.s leaders started a key question of how much authority does the U.S. constitution give the federal government on issues concerning health care. In 1880s Germans established universal health insurance and the U.S. leaders spend a lot of time debating on the issue. Harry and Louise built a barrier on the health issue while Hillary Clinton tried to break it. President Obama took the issue and put a lot of efforts on it until the bill was passed. Life Health Pro referred to the 2010 law as PPACA after it became a law.

3. History of PPACA 2010
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) was signed into law by president Barrack Obama in March 2010.
It brought a change in health systems.
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) which was also known as Obamacare, was signed into law by president Barrack Obama in March In it, it required most individuals to secure health insurance or else they pay fines. In addition, it made coverage easier and less costly to obtain. Basically, it was considered the most far reaching health care reform act after the passage of Medicare. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) brought a change in health systems (Boltz, 2012).

4. How bundle payments are processed
Bundled Payments for Care Improvement (BPCI) initiative links payments for a number of services beneficiaries receive during an episode of care.
The initiative controls organization as it enters into the payment.
The model leads to higher quality and coordinated health care at a low cost.
Bundled Payments for Care Improvement (BPCI) initiative links payments for a number of services beneficiaries receive during an episode of care. The initiative controls organization as it enters into the payment arrangements that will include performance and financial accountability for episodes of care. Then the model leads to higher quality and coordinated health care at a low cost (Wandhöfer, 2014).

5. How do health care facilities price their services
Medical providers are required to provide quality healthy care for any patient who has a life threatening condition without considering the patients financial resources.
Patients are treated in Medicare without considering their ability to pay for services.
Medical providers compensate this cost by increasing prices for other patients through collection of government subsidies.
In the U.S. medical providers are required to provide quality healthy care for any patient who has a life threatening condition without considering the patients financial resources. For instance, all patients are treated in Medicare without considering their ability to pay for services. However, medical providers compensate this cost by increasing prices for other patients through collection of government subsidies. The innovation of Medicare and Medicare were introduced to cater for medical insurance for the elderly, and provide medical insurance to any medically needy group (Maurer, & Smith, 2013).

6. How this service was established
This service was established as a form of medical provision and insurance for patients who do not have enough money for their treatment.
. This service was established as a form of medical provision and insurance for patients who do not have enough money for their treatment. For instance, patience redder their money after they are been treated.inn other words, it not important for the U.S. patients to know the price before been treated.

7. What benefits this has for the health care facility
Health care facility will benefit because providers will organize around the buddle payment when they have more cases of been rewarded.
Encourage consumers to use providers in bundled payment arrangements.
Health care facility will benefit because providers will organize around the buddle payment when they have more cases of been rewarded. Benefit designs such as, centers of excellence, co-insurance differentials and reference pricing will help encourage consumers to use providers in bundled payment arrangements. This will lead to financial saving of the facility as a result of buddle payment.

8. How physicians and hospitals determine better patient services, lower costs, and increase quality of patient encounters
Improving the quality of the doctor patient relationship and at the same time decreasing the utilization of diagnostic testing, hospitalizations, prescriptions, and referrals.
Improving healthcare provision through employing measurable skills and behaviors.
There are various ways how physicians and hospitals determine better patient services, lower costs, and increase quality of patient encounters. This was an outstanding strategy for providing health care while still saving money for patients. For instance, a patient –centered care movement was innovated. By practicing this innovation, the quality of healthy care is provided through improving the quality of the doctor patient relationship and at the same time decreasing the utilization of diagnostic testing, hospitalizations, prescriptions, and referrals. Physicians also focus on improving healthcare provision through employing measurable skills and behaviors. This step has effectively enhanced treatment for the patients.

9. Halo effect
Halo effect is a benefit effect of a physician or other healthcare provider on patient during a medical encounter without consideration of the therapy or procedure been provided.
In definition, halo effect is a benefit effect of a physician or other healthcare provider on patient during a medical encounter without consideration of the therapy or procedure been provided. The halo effect can neither be attributed to the content of treatment, as it is the result of interpersonal factor occurring in the interaction. Halo effect can be a manner, an attention, and a caring provider has on a patient during a medical encounter

10. Spillover effect
Spillover Effect is generally a propensity of one person's emotion to affect how other people around them feel.
Enhances an understanding of consequences of interventions for the purpose of improving an access to health care.
Spillover Effect is generally a propensity of one person's emotion to affect how other people around them feel. Spillover effect is an important eternality of individual treatment which enhances an understanding of consequences of interventions for the purpose of improving an access to health care.

11. conclusion
Upon my conclusion, it is important to note that the health care provisions has dramatically improved since 2010 after the resignation of Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (PPACA) by President Barrack Obama. This has basically promoted better patient services, lower costs, and increase quality of patient in health care facilities. It is very crucial for other countries to take a step like Obama in order to improve health care provisions in each country.

12. References
Boltz, M. (2012). Evidence-based geriatric nursing protocols for best practice. New York: Springer Pub. Co.
Wandhöfer, R. (2014). Transaction banking and the impact of regulatory change: Basel III and other challenges for the global economy.
Maurer, F. A., & Smith, C. M. (2013). Community/public health nursing practice: Health for families and populations. St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier/Saunders.