1. Where to Publish our Research Paper? Payam Kabiri, MD. PhD. Epidemiologist Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences

2. Biomedical Journals Now 400,000 Journal 280,000 Active Journal 30,000 Active & Valid Biomedical Journal Publish Millions of Papers

3. Questions to answer in choosing a journal for paper submission 1. National or international audience? 2. Language? 3. Databases indexes Journal? 4. Multidisciplinary or specialty journals? 5. The journal’s content area/scope? 6. Chances of acceptance? 7. What about the impact factor? 8. Practical matters (time to publication, etc.)

4. English or Another Language? Impact factor (English journals typically 3.0, single other language about 0.5 Need an English speaking colleague, not a translator Size of audience Most journals will help with copyediting but reviewers need readable English

5. Which language?  For international audience: English is probably the language of choice  Option: Publish in several languages (with editors’ permission)  For national audiences: publish in the language of the country  Click here to see the list of Farsi Approved Journals !here

6. Consider your chances of being accepted? Acceptance rates: English language: 15 - 95%, non-English: 25 - 100% Note: many journals do not know their acceptance rates or do not want to state them Acceptance depends on quality and style of the article and administrative resources of the journal (some journals may help with text and language editing)

7. Consider, but do not be fooled by, the Journal Impact Factor (JIF) JIF is determined by the frequency at which articles in that journal were cited high impact journals have more prestige, but JIF depends on other things, like number of co- authors and indexing non-English journals are at a disadvantage number of databases indexing the journal will determine who sees abstract of article

8. Consider these practical aspects: How long to get the article peer reviewed? How long between acceptance and publication? Geographical distribution (i.e. penetration outside US and Europe) Special audiences How much editorial support does it give?

9. Finding and choosing an appropriate journal to Submit Where to look for the journal:  Personal experience  Colleagues’ experience  Library  Citations in Databases  Online Resources

10. How to see where a journal is indexed? To check in which database a journal is indexed & where we can find its full text, search your journal name in these websites:  http://jake.openly.com/ http://jake.openly.com/  http://journalseek.net/ http://journalseek.net/

11. General Databases (Comprehensive OR Core Databases) Medical Sciences  Medline  Embase  Scopus All Sciences  Web of Sciences

12. Specialized Databases (Subjects Specified Databases) Biological Abstracts International Pharmaceutical Abstract PsychInfo CINAHL Chemical Abstracts Agricola Econlite

13. Medline By US National Library of Medicine Bibliographic Data of +5400 Journal Over 19,000,000 citations of both clinical and preclinical studies. Complementary database known as PreMEDLINE includes citations and abstracts for studies that have been published recently but not yet indexed. Subject Coverage: All Specialties of Medicine 60% of References contain Abstracts

14. Web of Science “Web of Science” is the database name provided by “Institute of Scientific Information” famous in our country as “ISI”. The complete company name is Thomson Reuters ISI. The Web of Sciences is the same database that we calculate the Journals Impact Factor from its data.

15. Web of Science If a journal is in Web of Science, it means it should have Impact Factor & vice versa. Don’t confuse Web of Sciences Journals with ISI Master list Journals ! Web of Science indexed about 9000 Journals while ISI Master List 15,000 Journals.

16. The Journal Impact Factor The Journal Impact Factor is calculated for those journals only which are indexed & included in Web of Sciences Databases, NOT more ! The database which contain the Journal Impact Factors is Journal Citation Report abbreviated JCR.

17. What is Journal Impact Factor? The average citation frequency for articles published in a journal, or how many times, on average, during the study year the articles that appeared in the 2 preceding years of that journal received citations in other (ISI) indexed journals only.

18. Impact Factor Calculation Citations in the current JCR year to articles published in the previous two years divided by the number of articles published in the previous two years. Citations in 2008 to articles published in 2006 + 2007 IF= Total 2006 + 2007 Papers

19. 200820072006 Source paper – published in 2008 Cited reference – published in 2008 Cited reference – published in 2007 or 2006 Citation Immediacy Index Impact Factor All Previous Years Cited ½ Life

20. How to Find Impact Factors? Directly from Journal Citation Report Database through ISI. Using the PDF & Excel Datasheets, prepared especially for this matter.  Click Here to See 2008 IF ! Click Here to See 2008 IF !

21. 2008 Impact Factors

22. ULRICHS Periodical Database

23. Publisher Manuscript Open Access Model Result: $ Author pays small amount of money or rather, institution pays on author’s behalf Everyone has access All use is fair use OPEN A CCESS

24. Open Access publishers BioMedCentral PubMedCentral Public Library of Science Journal of Medical Internet Research....

25. How is Open Access achieved at BioMed Central? Reversing the business model: removing subscription charges and introducing article processing charges, whilst allowing authors to keep the copyright to their article Article processing charge of 500-1500 US Dollar per published article Waivers are available No colour charges or other ‘hidden’ charges

26. Open Access publishing: the benefits Free Access Anyone` with Internet access can freely read the papers, no need to worry about subscriptions Maximum Visibility = Maximum impact! BioMed Central’s papers average >200 downloads per article per month High chance of being cited Speed Online system for submission, peer review and publication Published on the day of acceptance No page constraints Listed without delay in PubMed and deposited without embargo in PubMed Central and other secure archives

27. Full Peer Review Immediate Publication Open Access

28. BioMedCentral Independent publisher since 2001 More than 158 open access journals Many already having impact factor  Prestigious publisher  So, pressure on Thomson/ISI for inclusion in the journal pool Article processing fees  480-1380 € (depending on the journal)  Some still free (the newest, usually)

29. Iranian Journal Currently Indexed in Medline 1. Archives of Iranian Medicine 2. Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 3. Urology Journal 4. Iranian Journal of Immunology 5. Iranian Biomedical Journal 6. Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases

30. Iranian Journals Currently indexed in Web of Science 1. Archives of Iranian Medicine 2. Daru - Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy 3. Hepatitis Monthly 4. Iranian Biomedical Journal 5. Iranian Journal of Allergy Asthma and Immunology 6. Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering 7. Iranian Journal of Fertility & Sterility 8. Iranian Journal of Immunology 9. Iranian Journal of Ophthalmology

31. Iranian Journals Currently indexed in Web of Science 10. Iranian Journal of Parasitology 11. Iranian Journal of Pediatrics 12. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 13. Iranian Journal of Public Health 14. Iranian Journal of Radiation Research 15. Iranian Journal of Radiology 16. Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine 17. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 18. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 19. Yakhteh

32. Iranian Journals Currently indexed in Scopus 1. Acta Medica Iranica Acta Medica Iranica 2. Archives of Iranian Medicine Archives of Iranian Medicine 3. Daru Daru 4. Hepatitis Monthly Hepatitis Monthly 5. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility International Journal of Fertility and Sterility 6. Iranian Biomedical Journal Iranian Biomedical Journal 7. Iranian Cardiovascular Research Journal Iranian Cardiovascular Research Journal 8. Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 9. Iranian Journal of Biotechnology Iranian Journal of Biotechnology 10. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid Disorders` Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid Disorders

33. Iranian Journals Currently indexed in Scopus 11. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 12. Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering 13. Iranian journal of immunology : IJI Iranian journal of immunology : IJI 14. Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases 15. Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences 16. Iranian Journal of Nuclear Medicine Iranian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 17. Iranian Journal of Ophthalmology Iranian Journal of Ophthalmology 18. Iranian Journal of Parasitology Iranian Journal of Parasitology 19. Iranian Journal of Pediatrics Iranian Journal of Pediatrics

34. Iranian Journals Currently indexed in Scopus 20. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 21. Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics 22. Iranian Journal of Public Health Iranian Journal of Public Health 23. Iranian Journal of Radiation Research Iranian Journal of Radiation Research 24. Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine 25. Journal of Medicinal Plants Journal of Medicinal Plants 26. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 27. Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran 28. Urology journal Urology journal 29. Yakhteh Yakhteh

35. Questions

36. بزنید ! Email اگر میل داشتید payam.kabiri@gmail.com

37. Authorship & Publication Ethics Payam Kabiri, MD. PhD. Epidemiologist Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences

38. Authorship Authors are listed to provide a public record of responsibility and credit for the work Only those who can take both responsibility and credit for a work should be authors

39. Author or Contributor ! Author or Contributor Authorship or Contributionship Correspondence or Guarantorship

40. Authors Roles !

41. Authorship Policies Try to Ensure that all those who deserve authorship are listed as authors Ensure that those who do not deserve authorship are not listed as authors

42. Authorship 1. Substantial contributions to conception and design, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of date AND 2. Drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content AND 3. Final approval of the version to be published All 3 conditions should be met for assigning authorship (Consensus Statement, International Council of Medical Journal Editors)

43. Acknowledgments All contributors who do not meet the criteria for authorship should be listed in an acknowledgments section  who provided purely technical help  writing assistance  department chair who provided only general support  Financial and material support

44. How to avoid problems with authorship? 1. Follow the international guidelines. 2. Agree before starting 3. Don’t add a senior author to improve the chances of publication 4. Agree on who will be corresponding author.

45. Gift Authorship Ghost Authorship Types of Authorship !

46. Gift Authorship Gift authorship: inclusion of authors who made no substantial contributions (heads of departments, superiors, family, colleagues & collaborators). Some one who has NOT contributed substantially to the work is listed as a byline author. Often a senior person whose name has cache.

47. Ghost Authorship Ghost authorship: exclusion of authors who did contribute significantly (junior staff, "supporting" contributors) A “nobody” writer (the ghost) writes an article, then a “somebody” agrees to put his or her name on the byline

48. ترتيب نويسندگان به ترتيب الفبا به ترتيب نقش  نويسنده اول: مسئوليت اصلي جمع آوري و آناليز داده‌ها و نويسنده ويراستار اول مقاله  نويسنده آخر: محقق صاحب‌نام, مسئول کلي مطالعه  نويسندگان مياني: به ترتيب اهميت نقش

49. What is Plagiarism? According to Webster's New World Dictionary, to plagiarize is to "take the ideas, writings, etc. from another and pass them off as one's own“ Plagiarism is the act of presenting the words, ideas, images, sounds, or the creative expression of others as your own.

50. سرقت علمي (Plagiarism) استفاده بدون ذکر ماخذ, از ايده و اثر انتشار يافته يا انتشار نيافته ديگران. تمام منابع بايد ذکر شوند. اگر ميزان قابل توجهي از اثر ديگري قرار است مورد استفاده قرار گيرد بايد از وي اجازه گرفته شود.

51. Fraud در مقاله نويسي، Fraud درجات مختلفي دارد که بدترين درجه آن Fabrification است به اين معني که داده‌ها و Data را سنتز کنيد. يعني داده‌هايي را بسازيد که اصلا وجود خارجي نداشته اند. درجه خفيف‌تر fraud ، Falsification يا به اشتباه انداختن مي‌باشد، يعني اينکه تعدادي از داده‌ها را حذف کنند و يا تعدادي را اضافه کنند و به طور کلي دستکاري داده‌ها را Falsification مي‌گويند و يا اينکه تعدادي از داده‌ها را که جواب‌هاي آن‌ها با ساير داده‌ها هم‌خواني ندارد را حذف کرده و کنار بگذاريد. اگر داده‌های عوارض جانبي را در يک مطالعه clinical trial گزارش نکنيد، باز هم به نوعي Falsification اتفاق افتاده است.

52. How to avoid Plagiarism? 1. Quoting 2. Re-wording or Re-phrasing

53. Direct Quotes If you use someone else’s writing without putting it in quotes, you have blatantly plagiarized. Even if you add the source in your bibliography, it is still plagiarism !

54. Paraphrasing Be careful about rewriting someone else’s words. If your sentences use many of the same words and grammatical structure as the original source, it could be construed as plagiarism. Just put the text in your own words.

55. When Paraphrasing… Be sure you are not just rearranging or replacing words. Rewrite the phrase in your own words and credit the original source. Double check what you have wrote by comparing it with the original writing.

56. Let’s Practice: Are the Following Plagiarism or Not? Original source: The effort required to provide online information literacy instruction is intense. Your paper: ”The effort required to provide online information literacy instruction is intense.” (Smith 2006, p.42)

57. Answer ? Not Plagiarism You’ve used quotation marks and cited the source so that no one believes that these are your own words

58. Let’s Practice: Are the Following Plagiarism or Not? Original source: The effort required to provide online information literacy instruction is intense. Your paper: Smith (2006, p.42) argues that providing online courses in information literacy is hard work.

59. Answer ? Not Plagiarism You’ve interpreted without quoting, have cited your source, and have not used a great deal of the original terminology

60. Let’s Practice: Are the Following Plagiarism or Not? Original source: The effort required to provide online information literacy instruction is intense. Your paper: The work needed to provide online information literacy teaching is intense.

61. Plagiarism Your version is a paraphrase of the original with a lot of the original terminology still there as well as the same sentence structure. Answer ?

62. Plagiarism Detection Softwares There are lots of Plagiarism Detection Softwares which you can find on the web. Here are some of them:  http://www.anticutandpaste.com http://www.anticutandpaste.com  http://www.plagiarismdetect.com http://www.plagiarismdetect.com  http://www.dustball.com/cs/plagiarism.checker/ http://www.dustball.com/cs/plagiarism.checker/  http://www.millikin.edu/wcenter/plagiarism3.html http://www.millikin.edu/wcenter/plagiarism3.html  http://www.plagiarismfinder.com/en-index.htm http://www.plagiarismfinder.com/en-index.htm

63. Plagiarism Detection Websites There are lots of Plagiarism Detection Online Websites which you can find on the web. Here are some of them:  http://www.duplichecker.com/ http://www.duplichecker.com/  http://invention.swmed.edu/etblast/etblast.shtml http://invention.swmed.edu/etblast/etblast.shtml  http://www.turnitin.com/http://www.millikin.edu/wcenter/p lagiarism3.html http://www.turnitin.com/http://www.millikin.edu/wcenter/p lagiarism3.html

64. Guidelines for Publication Do not plagiarize!  Always credit the work of others  Be sure to cite sources  Include all cited sources in the reference list and vice versa  Obtain permission to include figures, models, graphs, etc.

65. Publication Ethics Redundant Publication (تکراري بودن مقاله) : وقتي است که دو يا چند مقاله بدون اينکه ذکر کنند، از يک Data و Material استفاده کرده باشند و در حقيقت شبيه به هم باشند. Duplicate Submission يا ارسال همزمان يک مقاله به چند مجله نيز جزء تخلفات به حساب مي آيد. منتشر کردن متن کامل (Full text) مقاله‌اي که Abstract آن قبلا در گنگره‌اي ارائه گرديده، اشکالي ندارد. چاپ شدن قبليabstract يک مقاله، مانع از آن نيست که مقاله کامل آن را چاپ کنيد. اصولا در مورد Abstract، قانون کپي رايت کمتر در مورد آن رعايت مي‌شود و ارسال و چاپ کردن Abstract يک مقاله حتي به صورت همزمان درچند کنگره مختلف اشکالي ندارد.

66. Publication Rules منتشر کردن مقاله به يک زبان ديگر، اشکالي ندارد ولي بايد ذکر کنيد که اين مقاله قبلا به زبان ديگري چاپ گرديده است. نکته: اگر مي‌خواهيد که مقاله خود را به مجله ديگري ارسال کنيد، در صورتيکه قبلا به جاي ديگري ارسال کرده ايد ولي به دليل گذشت زمان طولاني هنوز جوابي نگرفته ايد، بهتر است که ابتدا با مجله اولي مکاتبه کرده و مقاله خود را پس بگيريد و سپس آنرا به مجله جديد ارسال کنيد. نکته: سعي کنيد که در مقاله خود از خلاصه مقاله‌هاي کنگره‌ها، به عنوان رفرانس استفاده نکنيد و اصولا آن‌ها را به عنوان رفرانس قرار ندهيد.

67. Publication Ethics Codes & Protocols You can find more guidelines & protocols of publication ethics in COPE (Committee of Publication Ethics) Website. http://www.publicationethics.org.uk/

68. A tale of two citations ! Errami M. Garner H. A tale of two citations Nature, Volume 451, Issue 7177, 24 January 2008, Pages 397-399

69. بزنید ! Email اگر میل داشتید payam.kabiri@gmail.com