1. Arctic ROOS contributions
Tapani Stipa, Ari Seinä, Seppo Kaitala (FIMR)‏
Timo Vihma (FMI)‏

2. Why ice related services are required?
The Baltic Sea:
Heavy marine traffic (largest of ice covered seas in Word)‏
Annual million tons (of which 40% during winter months)‏
Any time 2000 larger vessels are sailing in Baltic Sea
>90% of ships with timetables
Ice navigation obligatory
Ice plays a role up to 6 months
marine transportation growing 2-5% a year => 30-40% in 10 years
Finland:
Annual marine transport 95 million tons of goods (2004), of which
~40 mil. tons in winter months with > port calls
8 icebreakers
© Finnish Institute of Marine Research, 2006

3. Growth scenarios: Marine transportation growth- Finland
mil.tons => mil.tons
Average growth 3-4%/year
growth 34%
By mil. tons/year
Marine transportation growth- Baltic Sea
2015 => mil. tons
Oil transportation from Russia:
>100 mil. tons in 2005
>200 mil. tons in 2010
>400 mil. tons in 2015
Latest forecast: by 2015 about 1 B tons!
© Finnish Institute of Marine Research, 2006

4. SEA ICE MONITORING & INFORMATION TO USERS AT SEA
High res. ice thickness
chart
High res. satellite image
Sat. image and traffic conditions
Ice deformation chart
Routine ice chart
Ice forecasts
© Finnish Institute of Marine Research, 2006

5. High-Resolution Ice Thickness Charts over the Baltic Sea
Ice thickness chart is based on SAR and ground truth.
Spatial resolution 500 by 500m= product for ships and in ships’ scale.
End users: shipping
Motivation easy to use: Growth of marine transportation =>Risk of hazards is growing. Unexperienced crew. Time-lines of ships
Published when SAR data available (about 250 charts in ice season , 200 in ). In 30 min after SAR data is downloaded
Future: should be aware of availability and in use of all shipping in the Baltic Sea
© Finnish Institute of Marine Research, 2006
Operationally available at:
© Finnish Institute of Marine Research, 2006

6. Ice forecasts over the Baltic Sea
Covering the Baltic Sea
End users: shipping
+45 h in 3 h steps
resolution 1 nautical mile
6 parametres:
ice concentration and drift
ice ridge thickness
ice ridge concentration
compress region
deformed ice fraction
mean ice thickness
published once a day
Future: expand of forecast up to 10 days. Should be aware of availability and in use of all shipping in the Baltic Sea
© Finnish Institute of Marine Research, 2006

7. Ecological model

8. mmol/m³ mmol/m³ mmol/m³ 2)‏ 1)‏ 3)‏ 4)‏
Distribution of 1)Diatoms, 2) NO3, 3) PO4 and 4) SIO2 at depth 5 m 1 May 1983
NO3
1)‏
Diatoms
2)‏
mmol/m³
3)‏
PO4
4)‏
SIO2
mmol/m³
mmol/m³

9. Time -depth temperature profiles
Basin
Dvina Bay
Kandalaksha Bay
Onega Bay

10. Diatoms, SiO2 and SiDetr at Lat 66:43, Long 34:13

12. Finnish Meteorological Institute Arctic activities relevant for EuroGOOS Arctic Task Team Timo Vihma
1. Research activities in DAMOCLES
(Developing Arctic Modelling and Observing Capabilities for Long-term Environmental Studies)‏
FMI is leading DAMOCLES WP2: Atmosphere, which has the following tasks:
Arctic cyclones
Operationally important aspects:
 Detection of mesoscale cyclones:
- high-resolution buoy network (to be deployed by the University of Hamburg)‏
- utilization of AMSU-B data on total water vapour and cloud water content to help detecting Polar lows
 Impact of cyclones on sea ice drift
b) Boundary layer turbulence
 Stably-stratified ABL over sea ice; wind forcing on sea ice drift
 Localized convection over leads
c) Clouds, adiative fluxes and surface albedo

13. 2. Numerical Weather Prediction including Arctic and sub-Arctic regions
FMI is running the reference version and a meso-β version of HIRLAM:
Plans for joint Nordic production of numerical weather prediction

14. Summary of contribution FIMR + FMI
Long expertise in viable sea ice service
Arctic atmospheric modelling and parameterisation expertise
Experience in operational ecological modelling
Established system for operational biological observations and assessment
Funding being searched for participation in Arctic Buoy Program and improved interpretation of SAR data in the Arctic

15. Activities 2007
Participation DAMOCLES (sea-ice measurement campaign in drifting ice station Tara & R/V Lance.
Participation of LOMROG and ARK-XXII/2
DAMOCLES instrumentation dev. package
Ice service
Provided operational Baltic Sea ice charts (about 170)
Provided operational ice forecasts over Baltic Sea (about 145)
Provided operational ice thickness charts (about 200)
Field campaign in March with main interest of ice thickness
Arctic remote sensing development for ice monitoring

16. 2008 Participation of CryoSat-2 CAL/VAL campaign
Participation of Polar View
Operational outputs to IPY Ice Logistics Portal
Study of X Band SAR for ice parametres
Under-ice glider experiment under DAMOCLES
Major projects
DAMOCLES
ESA CryoSat-2 CAL/VAL
MyOcean
Polar View
EUR-OCEANS