1. Computer Networks Laboratory Utility-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms Paolo V. Encomienda Nestor Michael C. Tiglao University of the Philippines Network Research Workshop July 17, 2006 APAN Singapore

2. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 2 Outline Introduction Value-Based Utility Framework Objectives Results Conclusions and Future Work

3. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 3 Multimedia Applications Highly sensitive to end-to-end delay and delay jitter but can tolerate occasional data loss Should be able to maximize available bandwidth and handle dynamic delay jitter and loss rate. RTP and RTCP provide QoS support but do not guarantee QoS

4. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 4 Quality of Service (QoS) Ability of the system to satisfy the service requirements of a network application Requires the cooperation of many components along the end-to-end path Many approaches: admission control, buffer management, packet classification, traffic shaping, packet scheduling

5. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 5 Value-Based Utility Definition (C. Festin, 2005)

6. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 6 Value-Based Utility Actual Range of Utility Values

7. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 7 Video Streaming Video delivery through file download require long download times and large storage spaces Simultaneous delivery and playback of video Splits the video into parts, transmits the video in succession, and plays the video as these parts are received

8. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 8 MPEG Format Uses JPEG-like compression techniques I (intra frames) – coded independently, serve as base or reference frames P (predicted frames) - coded based on a previously coded frame B (bidirectional predicted frames) - coded using both previous and future coded frames

9. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 9 MPEG Group of Pictures (GoP)

10. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 10 Objectives Develop adaptive video streaming mechanisms Frame control Admission control Queuing disciplines First-In, First-Out (FIFO) Priority Queuing (PRIQ)

11. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 11 Design

12. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 12 Value-Based Utility Actual Range of Utility Values k, threshold

13. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 13 Network Setup

14. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 14 Traffic Mix High expectation flows (HEFs), p=0.99 Medium expectation flows (MEFs), p=0.90 Low expectation flows (MEFs), p=0.80

15. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 15 Frame Controller Adaptive frame dropping

16. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 16 FIFO Loss Adaptation (HEFs)

17. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 17 FIFO Loss Adaptation (MEFs)

18. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 18 FIFO Loss Adaptation (LEFs)

19. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 19 FIFO Jitter Adaptation (HEFs)

20. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 20 FIFO Jitter Adaptation (MEFs)

21. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 21 FIFO Jitter Adaptation (LEFs)

22. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 22 PRIQ Loss Adaptation LEFs w/o frame control LEFs with frame control HEFs and MEFs

23. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 23 Admission Controller Adaptive packet remarking Raise the priority of low expectation flows when high priority flows have higher utilities than their thresholds Dropper If at least one flow is unhappy, reject any new connection

24. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 24 Without Frame Controller LEFs w/o admission control LEFs w/ admission control HEFs MEFs w/ admission control

25. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 25 With Frame Controller HEFs and MEFs LEFs w/ admission control LEFs w/ admission control

26. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 26 Conclusions VBU is effective in developing adaptive video streaming applications The frame control and admission control mechanism improved the quality of video streaming

27. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 27 Future Work Explore other queuing mechanisms which provide fairer treatment Enhance the feedback mechanism Extend the work to multi-hop networks

28. Value-Based Adaptive Video Streaming Mechanisms 28 Thank you very much! Any questions?