1. “Making the circular economy a reality” A resource industry perspective Dr Michelle Wyart-Remy IMA-Europe Secretary General 15 th EP Ceramics Forum European Parliament, 3 December 2014

2. The European IM industry 500 companies (685 mines & quarries, 750 plants) 42,500 employees 180 million tonnes/year, EUR 10 billion turnover 28 European Countries i.e. 24 EU Member States, Norway, Switzerland, Turkey and Ukraine The sector counts ~60% SMEs Most major global IM producers are EU based

3. What are Industrial Minerals? (IM) Industrial minerals: geological materials which are mined for their commercial value. They are used in their natural state or after beneficiation in a wide range of applications IM include barites, bentonite, borates, clays, diatomite, feldspar, fluorspar, gypsum, limestone, silica sand, talc, and many others The Industrial Minerals industry umbrella organisation of 10 European associations e.g. KPC-Europe: European Kaolin & Plastic Clays Association http://www.ima-europe.eu/

4. 23.01.144 IM indispensable to the manufacturing industry 4 CERAMICS contain up to 100% minerals Catalysts supports Tableware Tiles & bricks Sanitary ware Photovoltaic solar cells Wind turbine Water treatment and filtration Gas treatment A material science based industry Innovative ingredients for green & high-tech industry Electronics

5. 5 Industrial Mineral Resource Efficiency is manifold 1.Primary resource efficiency: sustainable extraction & processing 1 2.Efficiency of usage: improving performances in applications, they enable savings in downstream sectors 3.Secondary resource efficiency: by-products and waste valorisation 4.Recycling of their end-applications: IM are recovered (1) “In terms of material extraction, industrialised economies are characterised by the lowest material intensities (or highest eco-efficiency), with Europe being world-leader” SERI Report 2011

6. Resource productivity, measured by GDP relative to Raw Material Consumption (GDP:RMC) is suggested as a candidate for a resource productivity target. A target increasing resource productivity by 30% would also have a positive impact on job creation and growth of GDP. A resource productivity target, while not binding and set at the level of the EU, would provide an impetus for those Member States that do not already have a target at national level to develop measures that take account of resource use. Decision should take into account the outcome of the public consultation on the EU 2020 Strategy review (1)COM(2014)398 Towards a circular economy: A zero waste programme for Europe Circular Economy Package 1 & Resource Productivity

7. Bio IS 2012 Minerals  50% of EU Domestic Material Consumption (DMC)

8. EU dependency on imported Raw Materials Minerals count for 3-5% of EU imports!

9. “A well-established method which fits well with current available datasets (such as official statistics), allowing for a breakdown of results by materials, sector or industry” - NO!  RMC is not assessed in all MS, it will hardly be assessed in imports It is derived through modelling raw material equivalent in goods “Whilst the indicator is weight-based, it reflects environmental impacts reasonably well.” - NO – it just reflects density 1 !  Around 50% DMC (or RMC) represent minerals, i.e. materials - which are geologically not scarce - produced in the EU with a low import dependency (~5%) - with lower environmental impact than other materials in DMC Resource productivity as a lead indicator (1) Density of a substance is its mass per unit volume

10. Raw Materials Consumption (RMC): neither reflects environmental impacts, nor the value of resources for the economy in terms of functionality and performance of materials e.g. 1 tonne talc ≠1 tonne platinum GDP/RMC does not reflect resource productivity across sectors/value chains Consumption slowdown may be due to economic or financial crisis Incentives to enhance decoupling cannot be based only on raw materials content: taxing primary resources, without comparing resource environmental impacts will be discriminatory (1) Density (of a substance is its mass per unit volume Raw Material Consumption should not be used

11. A few guiding principles addressing the Target setting should not be an end in itself Primary raw materials will remain essential to Europe’s growth A consistent primary and secondary raw materials policy A life-cycle thinking based on a full supply chain and sectoral approach guaranteeing proportionality Subsidiarity should apply down to the relevant local level

12. A variety of EU industries share the same opinion on resource efficiency Representing various segments of the European resources producing industry and manufacturing industry, these sectors have a strong commitment to contribute to the EU economic growth & societal wealth through a sustainable production and management of these invaluable resources

13. Thank you for your attention! More about IMA-Europe http://www.ima-europe.eu http://www.ima-europe.eu Dr Michelle Wyart-Remy IMA - Europe, Brussels Tel: +322 210 44 10 secretariat@ima-europe.eu