1. ILIA View: In-Line Inspection State-of-the-Art For SCC Presented by: Scott Thetford Manager- Government Relations GE-PII OPS Workshop on SCC December 2, 2003 Houston, Texas

2. Introduction Current ILI Technologies applied to SCC Detection Next Generation SCC ILI

3. Current Applied ILI Technologies Magnetic Flux Leakage –Axial –Transverse Ultrasonic –Shear wave Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer

4. Magnetic Flux Leakage Goal: Detection of gross SCC MFL Coupled with other data sources –Axial + Transverse –Axial + Elastic Wave (Wheel Coupled Shear Wave) –MFL + DA While results have been good more effort needs to be applied to understand limitations.

5. Feature seen by Transverse Field Inspection

6. Feature Seen by Axial is Small to non- existent

7. Magnetic Flux Leakage Axial Field + Transverse Field = Gross SCC Screening Application

8. Different tools for liquid and gas pipelines Liquid Coupled UltraSonic Shear Wave – for liquid lines (Natural Gas lines with batching) Emat – for gas pipelines Liquid filled wheel probes – for gas or liquid High resolution tools for –detection and –sizing of smallest cracks of all types Ideal for monitoring crack growth Detection of hairline cracks Ultrasonic Technologies

9. UltraSonic Shear Wave Crack Detection Outline of Detection Capabilities: Minimum crack length of 30 mm Length accuracy +/- 5 mm Minimum crack depth of 1 mm (2mm for mid-wall cracks) Longitudinal orientation within +/- 10 o Depth categorized as –< 12.5% –12.5% to 25% –25% to 40% –> 40% of wall thickness Probability of Detection > 90%

10. UltraSonic Shear Wave Crack Tools Tool size range Until 2001: 24”+ diameter 2001 16” – 20” 2003 10” – 14” Challenge: space restriction in small diameters

11. 16”-20” Tool in Service Launch into tool trap Sensor Carrier Array

12. Stress Corrosion Cracking Detected by Ultrasonic Crack Detection Excavation comparison Excellent prediction in size and shape

13. Single Crack Feature

14. SCC Field SCC feature close-up Excavation vs. tool prediction

15. 10” to 14” Now in Service

17. EMAT Goals Detection of sub-critical SCC Determination of length and depth of axial cracks Operate without a liquid couplant Cost-effective inspection Discriminate int./ext. & injurious/non-injurious Full wall coverage Robust and reliable design Similar detection targets to UltraSonic Shear Wave Crack Detection Tools.

18. Wave types Emat

19. UltraSonic Shear Wave Emat SCC Detection- Live Line

20. Real feature: SCC Emat length 300 mm, depth 4.5 mm

21. Next Generation SCC ILI Automated Feature Analysis. Increased Feature Database = Increased accuracy of failure models. Cracking and Corrosion Combination Tools. Other Sensor Developments –Gas coupled ultrasonic –Eddy current

22. ILI Association – founded April 2002 www.ILIAssociation.org

23. Thank you. www.ILIAssociation.org