1. Paper Review Mach : A New Kernel Foundation For UNIX Development Chan Seok Kang 2013/02/26

2. 2Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Content Abstraction Base Information Mach Architecture My Opinion Reference

3. 3Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Abstraction

4. 4Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Abstraction Mach? Simply known as abbreviation of “Machine” Or Unit of Speed.

5. 5Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Abstraction Mach! Multi-User Communication Kernel

6. 6Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Abstraction Mach! Communication Kernel MultiProcessor Universal

7. 7Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Abstraction Mach! M.U.C.K Just Mispronounced for Developer

8. 8Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Abstraction Mach Developed at Carnegie Mellon University in 1985 Replacement for the traditional UNIX Kernel  MicroKernel Support for MultiProcessor Capability-based IPC Mach 3.0 was developed officially until 1994  But still develop in nowadays – Mac OS X, GNU Hurd….

9. 9Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Information

10. 10Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Information Kernel Kernel Mode (Privilege Mode) User Mode (Non-Privilege Mode)

11. 11Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Traditional UNIX System Monolithic Kernel – The Big Kernel

12. 12Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Problem The Role of Kernel is very important If there are problems in Kernel, What happen?

13. 13Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge MicroKernel - The Small Kernel Only Leave necessary feature for System Operation  Basic IPC, Thread Management etc..

14. 14Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Comparision Monolithic Kernel & MicroKernel

15. 15Computer Systems and Platforms Lab

16. 16Computer Systems and Platforms Lab

17. 17Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Tanenbaum / Torvalds Debates -Monolithic Kernel ( L.Torvalds )-Micro Kernel ( A.Tanenbaum )

18. 18Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Mach Architecture

19. 19Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Mach Computing Environment

20. 20Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Mach Architecture Process Management InterProcess Communication Memory Management

21. 21Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Task & Thread Task : A Collection of System Resource Thread : A Basic Unit Of Computation

22. 22Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Multi-Tasking & Multi-Threading

23. 23Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Process Management On Mach Two Kinds of Thread State Running Suspended

24. 24Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Process Management On Mach Two Kinds of Thread State Priority Number : For Scheduling Suspend Count : For Synchronization Thread Count Num

25. 25Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Process Management On Mach Difficulty  Finding the Available Processor is Difficult  Context Switching in Multiprocessor system is Wasteful Solution  Varies the size of the time quantum inversely – Hold the Thread`s state!

26. 26Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Interprocess Communication Port  Protected, Bounded queue  Message pass through this.

27. 27Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Interprocess Communication in Mach All Object in Mach is Transparent for users  Location Independent. NetMsgServer – Located in user mode – Capability-based Deamon – Enable Transparancy of IPC

28. 28Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Interprocess Communication Message Interchange

29. 29Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Memory Management Virtual Memory  Combine the address  For Storage Limitation of Physical Memory

30. 30Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Memory Management On Mach Allocate / Deallocate Regions of Virtual Memory  With Copy On Write Set the Protection on Regions of Virtual Memory Specify the inheritance of regions of Virtual Memory

31. 31Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Memory Management On Mach Copy On Write (COW)  Back up the data & modify the temp data

32. 32Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Memory Management On Mach Pager  The Ability to handle the page faults & page-related Data  Combined with File system, when implement a file in Memory

33. 33Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Base Knowledge Virtual Memory Implementation in Mach Page Size can be defined for each Section

34. 34Computer Systems and Platforms Lab My Opinion

35. 35Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Conclusion Mach : The 1 st genaration MicroKernel-based OS Multiprocessor operation Transparent extension through Network Server User-level Server Flexible Virtual Memory Management Portability But highly conflict with IPC Performance Problem 50% slower than Monolithic Kernel-based OS

36. 36Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Opinion Despite of Failure, the idea of paper is good enough to : Design Low Power Super Computer Design Cloud Computing Researching about MicroKernel 2 nd Gen MicroKernel ( L4 Kernel ) Various OS based on MicroKernel  GNU Hurd, OSF/1, Darwin etc..

37. 37Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Opinion Super Computer with Raspberry PI? Research on University of Southampton Maybe Karl`s Work with SRP?

38. 38Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Achievement of This Period Understanding Basic Structure of Operating System Finished the Book volume 1 : Mint64OS  Boot Loader  Kernel  Management  Device Recognition  Etc… Of Course, Reminding is more important! Read the Paper of Microkernel

39. 39Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Future work of This semester Understanding about Distributed OS If Possible, Learn About L4 MicroKernel Finish to make Mint64OS This Semester`s Class Compiler (Undergraduate) Real Time System (Graduate)

40. 40Computer Systems and Platforms Lab Reference Wikipedia : Mach (Kernel), MicroKernel Operating System Concepts by Silberschartz Appendix B : The Mach System Computer Organization & Design by Patterson Chapter 7.4. Virtual Memory Understanding the linux Kernel by Bovet Distributed System Concepts and Design Chapter 18. Mach Case Study