1. Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure and Function
Cell Structure & Function

2. Cell Theory All living things are made up of cells.
Cells are the smallest working units of all living things.
All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.

3. Definition of Cell
A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.

4. Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell

5. Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
Two Types of Cells
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic

6. Prokaryotic Do not have structures surrounded by membranes
Few internal structures
One-celled organisms, Bacteria

7. Eukaryotic Contain organelles surrounded by membranes
Most living organisms
Plant
Animal

8. “Typical” Animal Cell

10. “Typical” Plant Cell

12. Parts within the cell that perform a specific function or job.
Cell Parts
Organelles
Parts within the cell that perform a specific function or job.

13. Surrounding the Cell

14. Cell Membrane
Description: A thin, sheet-like layer on the outside of the cell. Has holes that control what moves in and out of the cell.
Function: Forms a boundary. Separates the inside of the cell form the outside. Controls the movement of things in and out of the cell.
Similar Structure: Cellophane, aluminum foil, wall with doors and windows

15. Cell Wall
Description: Fibrous wall or layer that surrounds the cell outside the cell membrane. Not found in animal cells.
Function: Provides support and strengthens the cell. Also gives the cell its shape.
Similar Structure: Brick wall

16. Inside the Cell

17. Nucleus
Description: an organelle that has a double-layered leaky membrane. The nucleus contains the DNA
Function: It acts like a container. It holds the DNA and the nucleolus inside Overall the control centre of the cell.
Similar Structure: Cherry Blossom and any container

18. Nuclear Membrane
Description: A thin, sheet like layer that forms the outer wall of the nucleus. Has holes that control what moves in and out of the nucleus.
Function: Separates the inside of the nucleus form the rest of the cell.
Similar Structure: Cellophane, Aluminum foil, Wall with doors and windows.

19. Chromatin
Description: Long strands of genetic material call DNA that can wind up to form chromosomes
Function: DNA stores the instructions for the cell’s jobs.
Similar Structure: Lego instructions, shoe strings and blue prints.

20. Nucleolus Description: A dark spot in the nucleus
Function: Builds ribosomes
Similar structure: Factory

21. Cytoplasm Description: Jelly-like material in the cell
Function: Supports the cell and organelles
Similar Structure: Jello in a fruit salad.

22. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Description: A folded membrane that forms a series of canals in the cell. Like tubes
Function: Transports materials throughout the cell.
Similar Structure: Water pipes and highway.

23. Ribosomes
Description: Tiny structure that sits on top of the ER and free in the cytoplasm.
Function: Manufactures proteins that can be used inside and outside the cell.
Similar Structure: Factory

24. Mitochondria
Description: An organelle that is somewhat bean-shaped often looks like a mouth with teeth.
Function: Creates energy for the cell
Similar structure: An organelle that is somewhat bean-shaped often looks like a mouth with teeth.

25. Golgi Bodies Description: Looks like stacked discs
Function: Packages useful materials and sends them outside the cell.
Similar Structure: Packaging plant or Bag boy

26. Lysosome Description: Small organelle or sac.
Function: Breaks down food, wastes and other materials. Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes.
Similar structure: Stomach, garbage disposal unit.

27. Vacuoles
Description: Fluid fill sacs (larger in plants then animal cells)
Function: Contains water, food, wastes, and other materials. Help plants maintain shape.
Similar Structure: Bag of milk, water balloon

28. Chloroplast
Description: Green organelle where photosynthesis occurs. Not found in animal cells.
Function: Makes food for the plant cell.
Similar Structure: Solar panel, restaurant, farm, bakery.