1. Mosquitoes

2. Interesting Facts: Locate its prey from100 feet away (30 meters)
Mosquitoes have poor sights but senses by scent, light, and heat
Notice lactic acid & especially carbon dioxide (CO2)

3. General Information: Mosquito “little fly” Definitive host: Mosquitoes
Intermediate host: Mammals & Human
Misquotes have different vectors:
Protozoa, Helminthiasis, and Virus

4. Vector:::
Protozoa: The mosquito genus, Anopheles carries the Malaria parasite (Plasmodium) Malaria: worldwide, lead to children under the age of five

5. Vector::
Helminthiasis: Some species the Filariasis worm: Elephantiasis Around 40 million people are living with disability called Filariasis

6. Vector:
Virus: The viral diseases; yellow fever transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. In the United States: viral diseases like Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) & Western equine encephalitis (WEE): In humans, horses, and some bird species. Symptoms: mild flu-like illness to encephalitis, coma and death. Viruses carried by arthropods (Mosquitoes or Ticks): known as arboviruses; Culex & Culiseta

7. Mosquitoes' Cycle:

8. Major Mosquito's life cycle:

9. Exo-erythrocytic Cycle:
In Human Liver Stage:
parasite invades the cells
Infected liver cell
Schizont
Ruptured Schizont

10. Erythrocytic Cycle: In Human Blood Stages: Invaid RBC
Mature trophozoite:
1. Schizont > ruptured RBC
2. Gametocytes > Microgamtocytes and Macrogamotcytes

11. Sporogonic Cycle: In Mosquito Stages: Ingestion of gametocytes
Macrogametocytes
and Microgametocytes
(exflagellated)
Ookinete
Oocyst
Injects sporozotites

12. Symptoms:
Fever, chills, sweating, and vomiting Consciousness/coma, severe anemia, renal failure, respiratory syndrome, shock, hemoglobinuria, and jaundice

13. Diagnosis:
Blood test PCR

14. Treatments: Oral medication:
Chloroquine phosphate (Aralen) is the drug of choice for all malarial parasites
Multiple drug-treatment: (Quinine sulfate+ Doxycycline)  or Tetracycline, ect…
New drug treatments of malaria

15. Controlling Methods: Reducing Contact: Education the population
Limiting exposure to insects –use bed nets/ window screens
Biological Control:
Use of natural vector predators
–Bacterial toxins
Habitat Control:
Reducing the areas where develop and grow
Chemical Control:
Insecticides, larvicides, and rodenticides

16. Review: All Mosquitoes are alike T / F
Mosquitoes have sharp sights? Yes / No
How can the mosquitoes locate us?
Is the female Mosquito thrives on blood? Why?