2. Architecture Roman builders developed the arch, vault and dome Pioneered the creative use of concrete Created immense interior spaces without inner supports

3. Architecture Basilica: An oblong building with semicircular apses on either end, high clerestory windows Used as a meeting place and widely imitated in medieval Christian churches.

4. Basilica Julia

5. Architecture Barrel Vault Deep arch forming a half- cylindrical roof

6. Barrel Vault

7. Architecture Groin Vault Two intersecting barrel vaults at the same height that form a right angle

8. Groin Vault

9. The Colosseum (70 A.D) Used Doric columns at base, Ionic in the middle and Corinthian above. Use of columns and arches allowed the Colosseum to rise to new heights

10. The Colosseum (70 A.D) Seated 50,000 spectators Once flooded to stage a navel reenactment by a cast of 3,000 So efficiently laid out that it inspired present-day stadium design

11. Colosseum

12. Colosseum at night

13. Roman Sculpture Roman sculpture was more literal than Greek Often kept wax death masks of ancestors that were factual molds of the deceased’s features

14. Pompeii Luxurious resort community that was covered with 18 feet of ash pumice This preserved the city until it was uncovered 1,700 years later

15. Pompeii Villas painted with realistic still lifes and landscapes, which they used as make-believe windows Intricate Mosaics made of colored stone, glass or shell

16. Fish Mosaic- Pompeii

17. Battle of Issus- Pompeii

18. Pre-Columbian Art was vitally important to tribal society Art objects were often thought to be magical and help ensure the tribe’s survival.

19. Crocodile God Hammered Gold Breast Plate

20. Mayan Vase

21. Wooden Grave Mapuche Effigies

22. Stone Inuit Carving (Vancouver)

23. Anasazi Pottery

24. Hupa Woven Basket

25. Mound Builders Native Americans have always been environmentalists Created burial mounds out of earth as a symbol of their harmony with nature. More than 10,000 exist in the Ohio Valley, there are mounds from Florida to Wisconsin.

26. Great Serpent Mound in Ohio

29. Early African Art Wooden masks were used in ritual performances Masks were intentionally unrealistic: When confronting a supernatural power the idea was for the performer’s identity to be completely concealed.

30. Dan people wooden mask

31. Ivory Belt Mask

32. Early African Art African Sculpture Rejected real-life appearance in favor of vertical forms, tubular shapes, and stretched out body parts derived from the cylindrical form of trees.

33. Couple from Dogon, Mali

34. Mother and Child from Dogon, Mali