1. GETTING THERE: Transforming and Integrating Urban Travel Provision for People with Disabilities David Ling – The University of Manchester, UK Stuart Murray – Transport for Greater Manchester, UK

2. GETTING THERE: Transforming and Integrating Urban Travel Provision for People with Disabilities David Ling – The University of Manchester, UK Stuart Murray – Transport for Greater Manchester, UK

3. Britain and the English Metropolitan Areas Britain comprises:- 3 Countries and 11 Regions –North East2.607 mil. –North West6.936 mil. –Yorkshire & Humber5.301 mil. –East Midlands4.481 mil. –West Midlands5.455 mil. –East of England5.832 mil. –Greater London7.825 mil. –South East8.523 mil. –South West5.274 mil. –Wales3.006 mil. –Scotland5.222 mil. A total population of 60.463 million

4. Britain and the English Metropolitan Areas Britain comprises:- 3 Countries and 11 Regions –North East2.607 mil. –North West6.936 mil. –Yorkshire & Humber5.301 mil. –East Midlands4.481 mil. –West Midlands5.455 mil. –East of England5.832 mil. –Greater London7.825 mil. –South East8.523 mil. –South West5.274 mil. –Wales3.006 mil. –Scotland5.222 mil. A total population of 60.463 million Metropolitan Areas are:- The 6 English conurbations – Greater Manchester2.629 mil. Centred on Manchester – Merseyside1.353 mil. Centred on Liverpool – South Yorkshire1.328 mil. Centred on Sheffield – Tyne & Wear1.120 mil. Centred on Newcastle – West Midlands2.655 mil. Centred on Birmingham – West Yorkshire2.250 mil Centred on Leeds A total population of 11.335 million

5. Britain and the English Metropolitan Areas Metropolitan Areas are:- The 6 English conurbations – Greater Manchester2.629 mil. Centred on Manchester – Merseyside1.353 mil. Centred on Liverpool – South Yorkshire1.328 mil. Centred on Sheffield – Tyne & Wear1.120 mil. Centred on Newcastle – West Midlands2.655 mil. Centred on Birmingham – West Yorkshire2.250 mil Centred on Leeds A total population of 11.335 million

6. Relationship of Age and Mobility Difficulties

7. Mobility Difficulty and Trip Making

8. Concessionary Fares in the English Metropolitan Areas Elderly People’s Concessionary Fares Before 1 st April 2006 Residents aged 60 or over Full Fares = No Concession Greater Manchester MerseysideSouth Yorkshire Tyne & Wear West Midlands West Yorkshire Bus Fare per ride for normal daytime services Before 09:30 Mon-Fri Half-fare max 50 p Full Fares Free after 09:00 Full Fares Free after 09:00 Full Fares At all other times Half-fare max 50 p Free40 p Or Half-fare Half-fare Max 50p 25p after 19:00 Free35 p Half-fare 15:00-18:00 Local Rail & LRT Fare Before 09:30 Mon-Fri Half-fare No maximum Full Fares Free after 09:00 Full Fares Free after 09:00 Full Fares At all other times 60 pFree40 p Or Half-fare Half-fare Max 50p 25p after 19:00 Free35 p Half-fare 15:00-18:00

9. Concessionary Fares in the English Metropolitan Areas Disabled People’s Concessionary Fares Before 1 st April 2006 Disabled Residents Full Fares = No Concession Greater Manchester MerseysideSouth Yorkshire Tyne & Wear West Midlands West Yorkshire Bus Fare per ride for normal daytime services Before 09:30 Mon-Fri Half-fare max 50 p Free40 p Or Half-fare Full Fares Free after 09:00 Full Fares At all other times Half-fare max 50 p Free40 p Or Half-fare Half-fare Max 50p 25p after 19:00 Free35 p Half-fare 15:00-18:00 Local Rail & LRT Fare Before 09:30 Mon-Fri Half-fare No maximum Free40 p Or Half-fare Full Fares Free after 09:00 Full Fares At all other times 60 pFree40 p Or Half-fare Half-fare Max 50p 25p after 19:00 Free35 p Half-fare 15:00-18:00

10. Concessionary Fares in the English Metropolitan Areas Blind etc. People’s Concessionary Fares Before 1 st April 2006 More Disabled Residents Full Fares = No Concession Greater Manchester MerseysideSouth Yorkshire Tyne & Wear West Midlands West Yorkshire Bus Fare per ride for normal daytime services Before 09:30 Mon-Fri Free Full Fares Free after 09:00 Full FaresFree At all other times Free Half-fare Max 50p 25p after 19:00 Free Local Rail & LRT Fare Before 09:30 Mon-Fri Free Full Fares Free after 09:00 Full FaresFree At all other times Free Half-fare Max 50p 25p after 19:00 Free

11. Concessionary Fares in the English Metropolitan Areas Elderly People’s Concessionary Fares Before 1 st April 2006 Residents aged 60 or over Full Fares = No Concession Greater Manchester MerseysideSouth Yorkshire Tyne & Wear West Midlands West Yorkshire Bus Fare per ride for normal daytime services Before 09:30 Mon-Fri Half-fare max 50 p Full Fares Free after 09:00 Full Fares Free after 09:00 Full Fares At all other times Half-fare max 50 p Free40 p Or Half-fare Half-fare Max 50p 25p after 19:00 Free35 p Half-fare 15:00-18:00 Local Rail & LRT Fare Before 09:30 Mon-Fri Half-fare No maximum Full Fares Free after 09:00 Full Fares Free after 09:00 Full Fares At all other times 60 pFree40 p Or Half-fare Half-fare Max 50p 25p after 19:00 Free35 p Half-fare 15:00-18:00

12. Concessionary Fares in the English Metropolitan Areas Elderly People’s Concessionary Fares After 1 st April 2006 Residents aged 60 or over Full Fares = No Concession Greater Manchester MerseysideSouth Yorkshire Tyne & Wear West Midlands West Yorkshire Bus Fare per ride for normal daytime services Before 09:30 Mon-Fri Half-fare max 50 p Free Aged Under 65 Only Full Fares Or £24.25 per 4 Weeks Full Fares At all other times Free Local Rail & LRT Fare Before 09:30 Mon-Fri Half Fare No maximum Free Aged Under 65 Only Full Fares Or £36.25 Per 4 Weeks Full Fares At all other times Free Full Fares Free for £8 per Year Free35 p Half-fare 15:00-18:00

13. Concessionary Fares in the English Metropolitan Areas Elderly People’s Concessionary Fares mid-2012 Residents aged 60 or over Full Fares = No Concession Greater Manchester MerseysideSouth Yorkshire Tyne & Wear West Midlands West Yorkshire Bus Fare per ride for normal daytime services Before 09:30 Mon-Fri Full Fares Free after 09:00 Full Fares Free Travel to Hospital Full Fares Or £31.00 per 4 Weeks Full Fares At all other times Free Local Rail & LRT Fare Before 09:30 Mon-Fri Full Fares Free after 09:00 Full Fares Or £46.50 Per 4 Weeks Full Fares At all other times Free Full Fares Free for £25 per Year FreeHalf Fare No Maximum

14. Concessionary Fares in the English Metropolitan Areas Disabled People’s Concessionary Fares mid-2012 Disabled Residents Full Fares = No Concession Greater Manchester MerseysideSouth Yorkshire Tyne & Wear West Midlands West Yorkshire Bus Fare per ride for normal daytime services Before 09:30 Mon-Fri Full FaresFree Aged Under 65 Only Full Fares Free if Work/Study Full Fares Or £31.00 per 4 Weeks Full Fares At all other times Free Local Rail & LRT Fare Before 09:30 Mon-Fri Full FaresFree Aged Under 65 Only Full Fares Free for £25 per Year If Work/Study Full Fares Or £46.50 Per 4 Weeks Full Fares At all other times Free Full Fares Free for £25 per Year FreeHalf Fare No Maximum

15. Concessionary Fares in the English Metropolitan Areas Blind etc. Disabled People’s Concessionary Fares mid-2012 More Disabled Residents Full Fares = No Concession Greater Manchester MerseysideSouth Yorkshire Tyne & Wear West Midlands West Yorkshire Bus Fare per ride for normal daytime services Before 09:30 Mon-Fri Free Aged Under 65 Only Full Fares Free if Work/Study Full Fares Or £31.00 per 4 Weeks Free At all other times Free Local Rail & LRT Fare Before 09:30 Mon-Fri Free Aged Under 65 Only Full Fares Free for £25 per Year If Work/Study Full Fares Or £46.50 Per 4 Weeks Free At all other times Free Full Fare Free for £25 per Year Free

16. Concessionary Travel in Greater Manchester Since the introduction of ‘Free Off-peak’ Concessionary Fares Elderly & Disabled journeys have increased by 27% & 47% respectively Elderly & Disabled reimbursement costs have risen by 204% & 35% Children’s concessionary fares have risen and journeys & costs have decreased

18. Main Specialist Transport in the English Metropolitan Areas Fares Charged on Specialist Services [mid-2012] Dial-a-Ride C.T. in South Yorks. Greater Manchester MerseysideSouth Yorkshire Tyne & Wear West Midlands West Yorkshire Fare per ride for ‘normal’ Journeys Before 09:30 Mon-Fri £2.00 £3.20 return Free Vary by Distance £1.50 to £2.50+ No Longer Operated 60 p£3.00 At all other times £1.00 Concession £1.60 return Free60 p£3.00 Special Fares for other Journeys or Users Double Fare For Cross- Boundary None£3.20+ Same Day Doncaster only No Longer Operated Standard Bus Fares for Companions None Basis of Concessionary or Reduced Fares ENCTS Passes & Children Free for Essential Companion No reductions Children Half-fare Aged 5-16 Free for ENCTS pass holders

19. Main Specialist Transport in the English Metropolitan Areas Availability of Specialist Services [mid-2012] Dial-a-Ride C.T. in South Yorks. Greater Manchester MerseysideSouth Yorkshire Tyne & Wear West Midlands West Yorkshire Eligibility for ServiceSelf-Certify Can’t use PT Higher Rate DLA Self-Certify Can’t use PT No Longer Operated Self-Certify Can’t use PT Self-Certify Can’t use PT Travel Area Limits For Standard Fares etc. Within each GM District All of Merseyside to accessible PT Within own LA District Within each of 8 areas plus ½ mile Local Journeys Only Other Trip LimitationsNone 10 journeys per month Not for NHS None No Longer Operated Not for NHS Hospital Treatment Specific Areas on Set Days Booking Constraints For Standard Travel Book on day before Unless on BDS Book 2-7 days before Varies To must book 7 days before Book up to 2 days before Unlimited advance booking

20. Main Specialist Transport in the English Metropolitan Areas Operational and Booking Times [mid-2012] Dial-a-Ride C.T. in South Yorks. Greater Manchester MerseysideSouth Yorkshire Tyne & Wear West Midlands West Yorkshire Operating Times Standard Bookings Mon-Sat 08:00-22:45 Sun. varies Mon-Sun 08:00-23:00 Varies from Mon-Fri 09:00-17:00 No Longer Operated Mon-Sun 08:00-23:00 Mon-Sat 09:00-17:30 Sun to 17:00 Booking Hours for Standard Travel 09:30-12:45 7 days/week 08:00-16:00 on BDS 10:00-14:00 7 days/week Varies from Mon-Fri 13:00-16:00 08:00-23:00 7 days/week Mon-Fri 07:30-16:00 Other Trip OpportunitiesCross Boundary For Extra Fare NoneGroup Travel 7 days/week No Longer Operated To adjacent areas Limited Service None Booking for Special TripsNegotiable Any time in Advance None Same Day Doncaster only Mon-Fri 08:00-17:00 Advance Booking Up to 12 journeys/year None

22. Increasingly Accessible Buses

23. Trends in Local Bus Travel

24. Rising Real Costs of Bus Fares

25. Trends in Local Bus Services

26. Local Authority Expenditure on Buses