Plan for the Aerospace e-Science

Plan for the Aerospace e-Science
Asia Pacific Advanced Network Meeting e-Science Workshop August 27, 2003 Cheol-Ho Lim, Director, SUDC, KARI Seong-Wook Choi, SUDC, KARI Kum-Won Cho, KISTI Thanks Mr. Chairman for the kind introduction Now, I would like to give a presentation entitled ‘Plan for the Aerospace e-Science’. But if you could allow me, I’d like to introduce KARI before my presentation. KARI is one of the 16 Government-funded Research Institutes controlled by the Prime Ministry. We have 3 main R&D divisions, that is, aircraft division, satellite division, launching vehicle division, and 600 R&D & support personnel. The budget was approximately 120 million U.S. dollars last year. The big projects of KARI are Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)system, Korea Multipurpose Satellite(KOMSAT) system, and Korea Satellite Launching Vehicle(KSLV) system.

CONTENTS Background Trend Objective Work Scope System Budget Demonstration Program Smart UAV Development Program Conclusion The contents of this presentation are - the background of this plan - the worldwide technology trends - the objective - the work scope - the system - the budget of the aerospace e-science - and the demonstration program including the Smart UAV project - and the conclusion. (This contents may be slightly different from your proceedings. The demonstration program & smart UAV program parts were moved just before the conclusion.)

BACKGROUND IT+ST -> Improvement of Engineering Environment Aerospace Technology requires large scale computing and data management -> Difficult to use Isolated resources Need to Construct Network based Design & Analysis System Providing a Uniform Aerospace Infrastructure Integration & Management of Aerospace Resources Located in Multiple Organizations and Areas Facilitating Human Collaboration in Aerospace Fields Remote Access and Operation of Aerospace Facilities and Instruments Introduction of Grid Technology to Manufacturing Field e- Manufacturing, e-CAD/CAM … EuroGrid, GEODISE, DAME, NASA IPG … Increasing Aerospace Competitiveness by e-Science Conversion of Existing Engineering Env. to New e-Science Env Now, I’d like to explain the background of the aerospace e-Science program. From IT plus ST fusion technology, the improvement of the aerospace engineering environment could be obtained, since - the aerospace technology requires large scale computing and data management rather than isolated resources - So we need to construct the network based Design & Analysis System And we want to provide a uniform aerospace infrastructure through - integration & management of the resources located in multiple organizations & areas - and by facilitating the human collaboration - and using the remote access & operation of facilities & instruments We need also to introduce the Grid technology to Manufacturing fields. Examples are e- Manufacturing, e-CAD/CAM ..,& EuroGrid, GEODISE, DAME, NASA IPG … Finally we want to increase the Aerospace Competitiveness by converting the Existing Engineering Environment to the New e- Science Environment

BACKGROUND MOST Research Infrastructure (KBSI) National e-Science N*Grid Core Technology(Middleware, Supercomputer, Network) MIC Aerospace e-Science (KARI) e- Astrophysics (KAO) … Bio e-Sciecne (KRIBB) Manufacturing (KIMM) The national e-Science includes - the research infrastructure of Korea Basic Science Institute - the Bio e-Science of Korea Research Institute of Bio-science & Bio- technology - the Aerospace e-Science of Korea Aerospace Research Institute - the e-Astrophysics of Korea Astronomy Observatory, and et cetera. This part is not yet initiated, and will be supported by the Ministry of Science & Technology in near future. Another part already supported by the Ministry of Information & Communication is N*Grid infrastructure system. By developing this core technology such as middlewares, supercomputer, and network system, the e-Science system can be completed. MOST: Ministry of Science and Technology MIC: Ministry of Information and Communication

TREND (U.S.) Grid Services: Uniform access to distributed resources Grid Information Service Uniform Resource Access Brokering Global Queuing Global Event Services Co-Scheduling Data Cataloguing Uniform Data Access Collaboration and Remote Instrument Services Network Cache Communication Services Authentication Authorization Security Services Auditing Fault Management Monitoring ARC SDSC LaRC GSFC KSC JSC Boeing NGIX NREN CMU GRC NTON-II/SuperNet NCSA EDC JPL MSFC 300 node Condor pool IPG compute and data resources DARWIN/DREAM data server / portal metadata Web user interface instrument data storage user data access authentication Ames Wind Tunnels: - National Full-Scale Aerodynamics Complex - 9x7 ft Supersonic and 11 ft Transonic - 12 ft Pressure SDSC compute and data storage resources Users NASA Ames NASA IPG(Information Power Grid) Environment of Real time Design, Manufacturing, Maintenance of Aircraft in Grid Base DARWIN: Developmental Aeronautics Revolutionizing Wind-tunnels with Intelligent Systems of NASA DREAM: Distributed Remote Aeronautics Managements As one of the worldwide trends of e-Science, the Information Power Grid system of NASA in United States can be studied as an example. It can be defined as an environment of Real time Aircraft Design, Manufacturing, Maintenance in Grid Base. The right figure shows the NASA Ames research center having large scale experiments facilities such as wind tunnels. And the lower part shows San Diego Supercomputer Center doing various Grid services for many kinds of organizations like Boeing, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, etc. (The users of NASA Ames can design their aircraft , for example, using their experiments data, and many other organization’s analysis data through the Information Power Grid system.)

TREND (U.K.) GEODISE, DAME GEODISE : Grid based Aircraft Multi-discipline Optimal Design System DAME : Grid based Real-time Aircraft Operation and Maintenance System In flight data Airline Maintenance Centre Ground Station Global Network Internet, , pager DS&S Engine Health Center Data centre In United Kingdom, they have similar concept as NASA. The upper figure shows the GEODISE system for grid based aircraft multidiscipline optimal design utilized in Rolls Royce. The lower figure shows the DAME system of the British Airways. The Grid based real-time aircraft operation and maintenance system is applied by networking the computers of an aircraft, engine health center, maintenance center, and airline head quarter. GEODISE: Grid Enabled Optimization and Design Search for Engineering DAME: Distributed Aircraft Maintenance Environments

TREND (JAPAN) ITBL(Information Technology Based Laboratory) Grid Based Supersonic Aircraft Design NAL: National Aerospace Laboratory NIMS: National Institute for Materials Science JST: Japan Science and Technology Corporation JAERI: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute In Japan, there are many information technology based laboratories. Grid based supersonic aircraft design in National Aerospace Lab. Full cell research in the Institute of Physical & Chemical Research (Riken) , Materials Design in National Institute of Materials Science, and Japan Science & Technology Corporation. Regional Environment Research in Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute

OBJECTIVE Construction of Aerospace e-Science Construction of Design/Analysis Network for Aerospace Vehicle Based on National Grid System Collaborative Use of Aerospace Test Facilities and Equipments Dispersed in Organizations and Areas (Institute, Industry, Academia) Construction of Infrastructure for Collaborative Use of Information and Database for Aerospace Vehicle Design/Analysis From now, I’m going to talk about the Aerospace e-Science Plan in Korea. The objectives of Aerospace e-Science could be defined as three items. The first is the “Construction of Design and Analysis Network for Aerospace Vehicle Based on National Grid System”. The second is the “Collaborative Use of Aerospace Test Facilities and Equipment Dispersed in Organizations and Areas such as Institute, Industry, Academia, etc. And, the third is the “Construction of Infrastructure for Collaborative Use of Information and Database for Aerospace Vehicle Design and Analysis”.

WORK SCOPE SUB-OBJECTIVE WORK SCOPE Aerospace Vehicle Design/Analysis Network Construction of Base for Integrated Optimal Design Construction of Base for Aero/Stru/Prop/Cont. Analysis Construction of Visualization System Construction of User Interface (Middleware) Infrastructure for Collaborative Use of Test Facilities and Equipments Construction of Online DB for Aerospace Test Facility Construction of Base for Remote Access & Use of Aerospace Test Facility Infrastructure for Collaborative Use of Information on Design/Analysis Build-up DB for Vehicle Design Build-up Online DB for Technical Information Build-up DB for Law and Spec. of Aerospace Vehicle Build-up DB for Parts of Aerospace Vehicle Construction of Online Data Center On the basis of three sub-objectives mentioned before, the major work scopes are described in this table. The work scope for the Aerospace Vehicle Design/Analysis Network are, - Construction of Base for Integrated Optimal Design, - Base for Aerodynamics/Structure/Propulsion/Control Analysis, - Visualization System, - and User Interface so called Middleware. For Infrastructure for Collaborative Use of Test Facilities and Equipment are - Construction of Online DB for Aerospace Test Facility, - and Base for Remote Access and Use of Aerospace Test Facility. For Infrastructure for Collaborative Use of Information on Design and Analysis are, - Build-up DB for Vehicle Design, - Online DB for Technical Information, - DB for Law and Specification of Aerospace Vehicle, - and Parts of Aerospace Vehicle Construction of Online Data Center.

AEROSPACE ORGs in KOREA
Plan for the Aerospace e-Science AEROSPACE ORGs in KOREA Research Institute KARI, ADD Industry KAI, Small Companies.. Academia SNU, KAIST, … In general, the aerospace organizations could be classified three categories such as research institute, Industry, and Academia. As research institute, there are KARI(Korea Aerospace Research Institute) for civilian research, and ADD(Agency for Defense Development) for military research. There are KAI(Korea Aerospace Industry), Samsung Techwin, LG Innotek and several small companies as industry. As Academia having Aerospace Department, there are over ten Universities such as Seoul National University, KAIST, and etc.

AEROSPACE RESOURCE KISTI Supercomputer Test Facility Human Resource A/C Design DB Application S/W This figure shows various aerospace resources which will be basis for the Aerospace e-Science. We have lots of test facilities, aircraft design database, application software, supercomputers ,and human resources which are dispersed in many kinds of organizations and areas. All these resources will be linked by high-speed network. High-Speed Network

SYSTEM A/C Design Code AEROSPACE e-Science Test Facility Computing H/W Design Tool Analysis Tool Aircraft Design DB USER Information Human Resource Visualization Online DB Center CFD Performance Law, Spec Super-Com Cluster Wind-tunnel Engine Test Cell … This figure shows the overall structure of Aerospace e-Science System. A user can access Aerospace e-Science and utilize various kind of aerospace resources such as design tool, analysis tool, design data base, computing hardware, visualization, test facility, etc.. Moreover, if this system will be extended to the abroad organizations, the user can use worldwide aerospace resources. CAVE (VR) High-Speed Network U.S., EURO, JAPAN…

PLAN for BUDGET Unit : US M$ YEAR SUB-OBJECTIVE 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 SUM Design/Analysis Network 4.0 5.6 4.8 3.2 2.4 20.0 Collaborative Use of Test Facilities 1.6 0.8 9.0 Collaborative Use of Information on Design/Analysis 12.0 8.0 11.2 9.6 6.4 41.0 This table shows the budget plan for our Aerospace e-Science. This budget is just for proposal, not confirmed yet. According to the plan for budget, - twenty million US dollars for the construction of Design/Analysis Network System, - nine million dollars for the Collaborative Use of Test Facilities, - and twelve million dollars for the Collaborative Use of Information on Design/Analysis. The total budget is forty-one million dollars for the five years project period.

DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM
Plan for the Aerospace e-Science DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM Demonstration Programs in National Grid Project (N*Grid) Grid Base Virtual Wind-tunnel : KAIST, KISTI, KARI Grid Base Analysis of Strap-on Stage Separation : SNU, KISTI Grid Base LES/DNS : PNU, KISTI Grid Base Analysis of Large Scale Aerospace Structure : SNU, KISTI From now, I’d like to mention the several demonstration programs of the National Grid Project called N*GRID in Korea. - Grid based virtual wind-tunnel in KAIST, KISTI, and KARI, - Grid based Analysis of strap-on stage separation of launch vehicle in SNU, KISTI, and KARI, - Grid based Large Eddy Simulation, Direct Numerical Simulation in POSTECH, and KISTI, - Grid based analysis of large scale aerospace structure in SNU, and KARI,

N*Grid Infrastructure
Plan for the Aerospace e-Science N*Grid Infrastructure Equipment N* Grid User Interaction Input Handling Parameter Update SEOUL User Interface Collaborative Environment SUWON Huge Scale Simulation Supercomputer Preprocess Data Job Submission Simulation Program CHEONJU DAEJON Cluster POHANG KWANGJU Scientific Visualization PUSAN N*GRID infrastructure consists of supercomputers, Clusters, Storage Devices, and simulation programs in KISTI, and very high speed networks to Seoul, Kwangju, Pusan ,etc. from Daejeon. The users in universities, research institutes, and industries with their experiments facilities and computer system can exchange their simulation and experiment data to design an aircraft Storage Device

Preliminary Results Computational Fluid dynamics based N*Grid Test-bed Chonbuk N. Univ.: IBM SP2 KISTI: Compaq GS320 DFVLR Axial Fan Seoul Daejon Full Body Airplane KREONet2 Pohang Globus/MPICH-G2 As the preliminary efforts of N*GRID program, the computational fluid dynamics test-bed was built up. An aircraft configuration was generated in Cheonbuk National University, and a CFD analysis was done in Pusan National University, And an axial fan analysis was performed in POSTECH using clusters in KISTI. Chonbuk Pusan

DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM (1)
Plan for the Aerospace e-Science DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM (1) Development of Optimal Configuration Design Technology using Virtual Wind-tunnel Results Build-up Application Test-bed for Aerospace Field Build-up Grid Portal Grid based Flow Analysis on Korean Launch Vehicle Applied Technology Construction of Test-bed using GLOBUS Tool-kit and MPICH-G2 Construction Portal using Aerospace Pre/Post Processor Flow Analysis on the Korean Launch Vehicle using Grid Based Domain Decomposition Method As shown in the previous slide, the optimal configuration design using virtual wind tunnel was developed as a demonstration program. The outputs of this program were - Build-up of the application test-bed for aerospace field - Build-up of Grid Portal - Flow analysis of launch vehicle The applied technology for this program were - to construct a test-bed using GLOBUS toolkit and MPICH-G2 - to construct the Portal using aerospace pre- and post-processor - to perform CFD analysis a launch vehicle using grid based domain decomposition method

Plan for the Aerospace e-Science DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM (1) KAIST KISTI 1Gbps 100Mbps 100Mbps Venus Pentium IV 2.0GHz 64 nodes Head Pentium IV 2.4GHz 25 nodes Performance of flow analysis (venus+head) - RAE 2822 Airfoil: N-S Simulation, 8 CPU To validate the performance of e-Science environments, the three- dimensional aerodynamic problem was solved. The upper left figure shows constructed test bed located in KISTI and KAIST. (These clusters with 64 nodes in KISTI and with 25 nodes in KAIST, are installed using Globus toolkit 2.2 and the network is KREONet2, 1Gbps bandwidth.) And the upper right figure shows the real performance, in which the performance is not degraded significantly, although the WAN (Wide Area Network) was used. Lower figures show the results of before and after design optimization. Before Optimization After Optimization Airfoil shape: 65% span station Surface pressure contours: 65% span station

Plan for the Aerospace e-Science DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM (2) Grid Base Analysis of Large Scale Aerospace Structure Results Construction of Grid Test-bed (256CPU) Structure Analysis using VDD Grid System Applied Technology Construction of Campus Grid using PC-Cluster Performance Analysis and Load Balancing using Grid Communication Library VDD: Virtual Design & Development The grid based analysis of large scale aerospace structure is the second results using e-Science environments. The outputs are the construction of Grid test bed with 256 CPUs and a structural analysis using Virtual Design & Development Grid system.

Plan for the Aerospace e-Science DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM (2) Cluster System Distributed PC Farm 1 Design Terminal Pegasus Supercomputer User Pool Data VDD GRID System Large - scale simulation (Computing Grid) Virtual Design SNU Network Grid Entry point (GUI + Python) PC Farm 2 Departmental Computing Grid Web Interface Using the Campus Grid cluster system, and VDD(Virtual Design and Development) software system of Seoul National University, a large scale simulation and virtual design of Mindlin plate structure system were performed efficiently. Simulation of Mindlin Plate

Plan for the Aerospace e-Science DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM (3) Grid Base Analysis of Large Scale Aerospace Structure Results Construction of Grid Test-bed Applied Technology Parallelized LBM(Lattice Boltzmann Method) using MPICH-G2 Performance Analysis of International Grid Test-bed The Grid based acoustic analysis of large scale aerospace structure system is the third demonstration program of e-Science test bed. By the parallelized LBM(Lattice Boltzmann Method) using MPICH-G2, the performance analysis of international Grid test bed was done successfully.

Plan for the Aerospace e-Science DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM (3) ■ Generation of sound ■ Pressure Fluctuation To extend the e-science environments, the test bed of KISTI and PNU(Pusan National University) was connected to the NCSA(National Center for Supercomputing Applications) in U.S. using KREONET2 and STARTAP network system. And, an acoustic simulation with LES(Large Eddy Simulation) technology is performed using this international test bed. Left figures show the test bed of e-Science, and right figures show the simulation results like pressure fluctuation. ■ Red color: positive sound pressure, blue color: negative sound pressure

SMART UAV DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
Plan for the Aerospace e-Science SMART UAV DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM Program Overview Program Director : Cheol-Ho Lim, Dr. Ing R&D Period : – R&D Fund : Total 120 M$ USD Sponsoring Ministry : Ministry of Science & Technology R&D Stage Now, I’m going to introduce Smart UAV Development Program. The Smart UAV Project is also one of the demonstration program of R&D Grid system. And e-Science program will support the smart UAV Development project in near future. The Smart UAV Development Program, as one of the 21c Frontier R&D Program sponsored by MOST(Ministry of Science and Technology), was launched in last year and will be completed in 2012. As shown in this figure, the development phase can be classified as three R&D stage, - Development of Advanced Air Vehicle - Development of Advanced Unmanned Air Vehicle - and, Development of Smart Unmanned Air Vehicle

Plan for the Aerospace e-Science SMART UAV DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM Development of Advanced High Speed VTOL UAV Embedding Smart Technology Existing UAV Smart UAV Low Safety High Operating Cost Runway Dependent Collision Risk Safety a good as Commuter Cost less than half of Helicopter’s Vertical Takeoff and Lading Collision Avoidance Smart Technology The objective of Smart UAV program is to develop an Advanced High Speed VTOL(Vertical Take-off and Landing) UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) system embedding Smart Technology. The future Smart UAV system will overcome the limitations of the existing UAV - Low Safety, High Operating Cost, Runway Dependent, and Collision Risk. Therefore, the Smart UAV system will have the same safety level as Commuter airplane, and the operation cost less than Helicopter’s, and Vertical Takeoff and Lading, and Collision Avoidance capabilities. Fully Autonomous Flight Collision Avoidance Health Monitoring Self Restoring Active Flow & Noise Control Smart Material & Structure

Plan for the Aerospace e-Science SMART UAV DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM Technology Scheme Mission Payload GCS COMM ILS SMART UAV FBG/EFPI Hybrid Sensor Active Separation Control Smart Active Blade Tip SMARC MEMS SMART TECHNOLOGY Smart UAV System Smart Technology Collision avoid system Intelligent Control These two figures show a Smart UAV System and Smart Technology. The Smart UAV System is composed of a few Air Vehicles, mission payload, GSS(Ground Support System), GCS(Ground Control System), and Communication system. And the Smart Technology means these various innovative items such as intelligent control, collision avoid, active separation control, smart materials, etc.

Plan for the Aerospace e-Science SMART UAV DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM Research and Development Scheme Smart Technology Spin-Offs (Aerospace,Transportation, IT, AI, Micro Device/Mechatronics …) UAV Market (Public, Private, Commercial) KARI SUDC Government Academy Institute Industry International Cooperation Partner Domestic This is the Research and Development Scheme of the Smart UAV Program. KARI is main contractor of the program. And, this program is designed to have fully cooperative works not only with domestic academia, research institute, and industry in Korea, but also with international partners. This program is aiming for worldwide UAV market, and also for the spin-off technology of the Smart technology gained through this program to other technology fields like transportation , Artificial Intelligence, mechatronics, etc.

Plan for the Aerospace e-Science SMART UAV DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM Application of R&D Grid System Collaborative Use of Various Resources -> Overcome Limitation of R&D Resource and Reduction of R&D Cost Collaborative Use of Network, Super-com, Test Facility Dispersed Connection with National Grid Program of KISTI SUPER-COM FACILITTY S/W D/B INSTITUTE ACADEMIA SUDC Network GRID This slide shows the plan for the construction of the Grid System for Smart UAV Program. By Collaborative Use of Various Resources shown in this figure, we can overcome the limitations of R&D Resource and reduce R&D Cost. The collaborative use of Network, Super-computer, and Test Facility dispersed in various organizations and areas will be possible. INDUSTRY Smart UAV R&D Grid

CONCLUSIONS Aircraft Development is System Integration -> Optimal Model for e- Science Application !! Check-up Possibility of IT+ST through Demonstration Program 2002~2003 Reduction of R&D Cost by Sharing Resources Dispersed in Industry, Institute, and Academia Utilizing Aerospace Vehicle Design/Analysis Technology by e- Science for National Aerospace Projects Dramatic Reduction of Aircraft Development Time by enabling Multi-discipline Analysis and Design Active Application of e-Science to Smart UAV Development Program Providing Leading Model of e-Science to other area such as Shipbuilding, Automobile, Architecture,…) Here, I’d like to summarize my presentation with mentioning potential impacts by Aerospace e-Science. As known well, the aircraft development is typical system integration process which can be optimal model for e-Science application The possibility of IT plus ST fusion technology could be checked through the several demonstration programs introduced in this presentation. Aerospace e-Science can reduce R&D Cost by Sharing Resources Dispersed in Industry, Institute, and Academia. We performed the Aerospace Vehicle Design/Analysis by e-Science Technology for National Aerospace Projects. Aircraft Development Time can be reduced by Multi-discipline Analysis and Design of Aerospace e-Science. We have plan for the active application of Aerospace e-Science system to the Smart UAV Development. Aerospace e-Science can provide also a leading model of e-Science to other area such as Shipbuilding, Automobile, Architecture, etc. This is conclusion of my presentation. Thank you very much for your attention.

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