1. Chapter 16 Cardiovascular & Respiratory Systems

2. Functions of the cardiovascular system Composed of the _______ & all blood vessels of the body Composed of the _______ & all blood vessels of the body Function is to _________ blood, thereby maintaining an internal environment in which all the cells of your body are nourished Function is to _________ blood, thereby maintaining an internal environment in which all the cells of your body are nourished

3. Functions of the cardiovascular system The heart pumps blood The heart pumps blood Blood carries ___________ cells throughout your body to deliver ______ Blood carries ___________ cells throughout your body to deliver ______ At the same time carbon dioxide along with __________ is carried away from your body via blood cells At the same time carbon dioxide along with __________ is carried away from your body via blood cells

4. Functions of the cardiovascular system ________ is delivered to your lungs and waste products are sent to the ___________ to be removed from the body ________ is delivered to your lungs and waste products are sent to the ___________ to be removed from the body

5. Structures of the cardiovascular system The __________ and the ________ are perhaps the most important organs in your body The __________ and the ________ are perhaps the most important organs in your body The heart is made of the ___________ which is what makes it pump The heart is made of the ___________ which is what makes it pump Your heart rate increases or decreases __________________ based on your physical activity Your heart rate increases or decreases __________________ based on your physical activity

6. Chambers of the heart Your heart has ____ chambers Your heart has ____ chambers Right ________ Right ________ Left _________ Left _________ _______ Ventricle _______ Ventricle A wall of tissue separates the right & left atria called the __________ along with the right & left ventricles A wall of tissue separates the right & left atria called the __________ along with the right & left ventricles

7. Chambers of the heart The right __________ works as the natural __________ for the rest of the heart The right __________ works as the natural __________ for the rest of the heart Small electrical __________ force the atrium to contract therefore allowing blood to be pumped into the ventricles Small electrical __________ force the atrium to contract therefore allowing blood to be pumped into the ventricles Blood is then pumped out of the heart Blood is then pumped out of the heart

8. Chambers of the heart When blood is flowing it can only flow _________________ When blood is flowing it can only flow _________________ Once blood is pumped the valves close not allowing blood to pump back Once blood is pumped the valves close not allowing blood to pump back The sound that you hear when your heart is beating is the sound of the __________ closing The sound that you hear when your heart is beating is the sound of the __________ closing

9. Circulation of the heart Blood that has been ___________ but has carbon dioxide & waste is pumped back to the heart by 2 large blood vessels called the ______________ Blood that has been ___________ but has carbon dioxide & waste is pumped back to the heart by 2 large blood vessels called the ______________ _________________ blood enters the right atrium & is transferred to the right ventricle _________________ blood enters the right atrium & is transferred to the right ventricle

10. Circulation of the heart Blood is then pumped to the _______ Blood is then pumped to the _______ Inside the lungs the blood drops the carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen Inside the lungs the blood drops the carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen Newly _________________ blood is then returned to the lungs to the left atrium of the heart Newly _________________ blood is then returned to the lungs to the left atrium of the heart

11. Circulation of the heart The blood is then pumped from the left atrium into the ______ ventricle The blood is then pumped from the left atrium into the ______ ventricle Blood is then pumped out of the heart & into the rest of the body by way of the large artery called the ________ Blood is then pumped out of the heart & into the rest of the body by way of the large artery called the ________

12. Blood Blood delivers oxygen, hormones, & nutrients to the cells & carries away waste that the cells produce Blood delivers oxygen, hormones, & nutrients to the cells & carries away waste that the cells produce _______of your blood consists of ______ the fluid in which other parts of the blood are suspended _______of your blood consists of ______ the fluid in which other parts of the blood are suspended

13. Blood Red blood cells make up about ____% of blood Red blood cells make up about ____% of blood White blood cells & platelets together make up the remaining 5% of blood White blood cells & platelets together make up the remaining 5% of blood 1 ___________ of blood contains millions of each of these types of cells 1 ___________ of blood contains millions of each of these types of cells

14. Red blood cells & White blood cells _________ blood cells – transport oxygen to cells & parts of the body _________ blood cells – transport oxygen to cells & parts of the body Formed in bone marrow, they contain _______________ the oxygen- carrying protein in blood Formed in bone marrow, they contain _______________ the oxygen- carrying protein in blood Red blood cells also carry _________away from cells back to the lungs Red blood cells also carry _________away from cells back to the lungs

15. Red blood cells & White blood cells __________ blood cells are made to protect our bodies against infection & fight off infection when it occurs __________ blood cells are made to protect our bodies against infection & fight off infection when it occurs White blood cells are also produced in _______________________ White blood cells are also produced in _______________________ Production of white blood cells _____________ when an infection is present Production of white blood cells _____________ when an infection is present

16. Blood vessels You have more then _________ miles of blood vessels that transport blood You have more then _________ miles of blood vessels that transport blood There are 3 main types of blood vessels There are 3 main types of blood vessels __________ __________

17. Arteries They are blood vessels that carry blood ________ from the heart They are blood vessels that carry blood ________ from the heart They have thick elastic walls and contain smooth muscle fibers They have thick elastic walls and contain smooth muscle fibers ________________ arteries carry _________________ blood from the right ventricles to the lungs ________________ arteries carry _________________ blood from the right ventricles to the lungs

18. Arteries _______ arteries, such as the ______, carry oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to all areas of the body _______ arteries, such as the ______, carry oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to all areas of the body As arteries move away from the heart, they branch into progressively smaller vessels called _____________ As arteries move away from the heart, they branch into progressively smaller vessels called _____________ Arterioles deliver blood to __________ Arterioles deliver blood to __________

19. Capillaries Capillaries are small vessels that carry blood between _____________ and small vessels called ____________ Capillaries are small vessels that carry blood between _____________ and small vessels called ____________ Capillaries form an _________________throughout tissues and organs in the body, reaching almost every body cell Capillaries form an _________________throughout tissues and organs in the body, reaching almost every body cell

20. Veins Veins are blood vessels that ________ blood to the heart Veins are blood vessels that ________ blood to the heart Vein walls are thinner and less elastic than those of arteries, veins are still able to withstand the pressure exerted by blood as it flows though them Vein walls are thinner and less elastic than those of arteries, veins are still able to withstand the pressure exerted by blood as it flows though them

21. Platelets Platelets are cells that __________ the body’s loss of blood Platelets are cells that __________ the body’s loss of blood Platelets produce small thread-like fibers called _________ Platelets produce small thread-like fibers called _________

22. Lymphatic System This system also helps to fight infection & plays an important role to the bodies immunity to disease This system also helps to fight infection & plays an important role to the bodies immunity to disease ___________ is the clear fluid that fills the spaces around body cells ___________ is the clear fluid that fills the spaces around body cells _______________ are specialized white blood cells that provide the body with immunity & protect the body against antibodies _______________ are specialized white blood cells that provide the body with immunity & protect the body against antibodies

23. B Cells B cells are ______________ that are stimulated to multiply when they are come in contact with a pathogen B cells are ______________ that are stimulated to multiply when they are come in contact with a pathogen Some B cells produce ________ cells, which produce ___________ that attack the pathogen, other produce memory cells Some B cells produce ________ cells, which produce ___________ that attack the pathogen, other produce memory cells

24. T Cells T cells are ___________ that are stimulated to enlarge & multiply when they encounter a pathogen. T cells are ___________ that are stimulated to enlarge & multiply when they encounter a pathogen. There are ____ main types There are ____ main types _______ cells which stop the spread of disease _______ cells which stop the spread of disease _______ cells aid in the activation of B cells & killer T cells _______ cells aid in the activation of B cells & killer T cells

25. Structure of the Lymphatic System It consists of a network of vessels & tissues that are involved in the movement & filtering of lymph It consists of a network of vessels & tissues that are involved in the movement & filtering of lymph

26. Care & Problems of the Cardiovascular System Lesson 2

27. Health behaviors associated with good cardiovascular care Follow a well balance diet that is low in saturated fats, cholesterol & salt Follow a well balance diet that is low in saturated fats, cholesterol & salt Maintain a healthy weight to reduce stress on the heart, blood vessels, and lymph vessels Maintain a healthy weight to reduce stress on the heart, blood vessels, and lymph vessels Participate in regular aerobic exercise for at least _____ minutes _____ times a week Participate in regular aerobic exercise for at least _____ minutes _____ times a week

28. Health behaviors associated with good cardiovascular care Avoid the use of tobacco products & exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke Avoid the use of tobacco products & exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke Avoid _______ drugs, including stimulants, marijuana, & ecstasy Avoid _______ drugs, including stimulants, marijuana, & ecstasy

29. Blood Pressure Blood pressure is the measure of the amount of _______ that the blood places on the walls of the blood vessels Blood pressure is the measure of the amount of _______ that the blood places on the walls of the blood vessels

30. Blood Pressure As your heart contracts to push blood into your arteries, the maximum pressure, called __________ pressure is measured As your heart contracts to push blood into your arteries, the maximum pressure, called __________ pressure is measured As the ventricles relax to refill, blood pressure is at its lowest point, called the __________ As the ventricles relax to refill, blood pressure is at its lowest point, called the __________

31. Cardiovascular System Problems ______________ heart disease – a condition that is present at birth ______________ heart disease – a condition that is present at birth Cardiovascular disease is actually a group of the cardiovascular systems that include _________, ______ disease, & __________ Cardiovascular disease is actually a group of the cardiovascular systems that include _________, ______ disease, & __________

32. Cardiovascular System Problems Heart ________________ are abnormal sounds that are made as blood flows through the heart Heart ________________ are abnormal sounds that are made as blood flows through the heart __________ veins form if valves in the veins do not close tightly enough to prevent backflow of blood __________ veins form if valves in the veins do not close tightly enough to prevent backflow of blood

33. Cardiovascular System Problems ______________ is a condition in which the ability of the blood to carry oxygen is reduced ______________ is a condition in which the ability of the blood to carry oxygen is reduced –The most common cause of anemia is ________ deficiency

34. Cardiovascular System Problems ____________ is a form of cancer in which any one of the different types of white blood cells is produces excessively and abnormally ____________ is a form of cancer in which any one of the different types of white blood cells is produces excessively and abnormally ___________ is an inherited disorder in which the blood does not clot properly ___________ is an inherited disorder in which the blood does not clot properly

35. Lymphatic system problems __________________occur when the immune system can no longer protect against infection __________________occur when the immune system can no longer protect against infection ____________ disease is a type of cancer that affects the lymph tissue ____________ disease is a type of cancer that affects the lymph tissue ______________ is an infection of the tonsils & can be common in children ______________ is an infection of the tonsils & can be common in children

36. The Respiratory System Lesson 3

37. Functions of the respiratory system _________________ is the exchange of gases between the body and the environment _________________ is the exchange of gases between the body and the environment

38. Structure of the Respiratory System Lungs are the ________ organs of the respiratory system & the site of the external respiration Lungs are the ________ organs of the respiratory system & the site of the external respiration The _____________ is the muscle that separates the chest from the abdominal cavity The _____________ is the muscle that separates the chest from the abdominal cavity The structure of the lungs can be compared to the structure of a ____________ tree The structure of the lungs can be compared to the structure of a ____________ tree

39. The breathing process The breathing process is made possible by creating a pressure of difference between the ________ and ______________________________ The breathing process is made possible by creating a pressure of difference between the ________ and ______________________________ When your lungs expand the pressure inside of them becomes ________ than the pressure outside your body When your lungs expand the pressure inside of them becomes ________ than the pressure outside your body

40. Other Respiratory Structures _________ – or throat _________ – or throat _________ - or windpipe _________ - or windpipe _________ – the airways that connect the trachea and the lungs _________ – the airways that connect the trachea and the lungs

41. The larynx & epiglottis Neither of these are directly associated with the _____________ system but have important functions Neither of these are directly associated with the _____________ system but have important functions ____________ or voice box connects the throat to the trachea ____________ or voice box connects the throat to the trachea The _______________ is a flap of cartilage located above the larynx, it closes off the passageway to the larynx & trachea when you swallow The _______________ is a flap of cartilage located above the larynx, it closes off the passageway to the larynx & trachea when you swallow

42. Care & Problems of the Respiratory System Lesson 4

43. Health Behaviors & the Respiratory System Your nasal passageway contains ________ & ________ that help to prevent particles from entering your body Your nasal passageway contains ________ & ________ that help to prevent particles from entering your body However, your respiratory system is still ___________ However, your respiratory system is still ___________ Asthma, Cancer can result from air pollution being let into your body Asthma, Cancer can result from air pollution being let into your body

44. Respiratory System Problems ______________ – is an inflammation of the bronchi causes by infection or exposure to irritants such as tobacco smoke or air pollution ______________ – is an inflammation of the bronchi causes by infection or exposure to irritants such as tobacco smoke or air pollution _______________ an inflammation of the lungs commonly caused by a bacterial or viral infection _______________ an inflammation of the lungs commonly caused by a bacterial or viral infection

45. Respiratory System Problems _______________ an inflammation of the lining of the lungs and chest cavity _______________ an inflammation of the lining of the lungs and chest cavity ____________ an inflammatory condition in which the trachea, bronchi, & bronchioles become narrowed, causing difficulty in breathing ____________ an inflammatory condition in which the trachea, bronchi, & bronchioles become narrowed, causing difficulty in breathing

46. Respiratory System Problems ____________ an inflammation of the tissues that line the sinuses ____________ an inflammation of the tissues that line the sinuses _______________ is a contagious bacterial infection that usually affects the lungs _______________ is a contagious bacterial infection that usually affects the lungs ________________ is a disease that progressively destroys the walls of the alveoli ________________ is a disease that progressively destroys the walls of the alveoli