1. ISIS VU Team: Aniruddha S. Gokhale, Kitty Balasubramanian, Jai Balasubramanian, Gan Deng, George Edwards, Boris Kolpackov, Arvind Krishna, Tao Lu, Bala Natarajan, Jeff Parsons, Gabriele Trombetti, Emre Turkay Institute for Software Integrated Systems (prime) Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee DARPA/AFRL Contract # F33615-03-C-4112 Component Middleware & Generative Tools for Distributed Real-time & Embedded Systems UAB Team: Jeff Gray, Jane Lin, Jing Zhang University of Alabama at Birmingham (subcontract) Birmingham, Alabama PCES PI Meeting, June 29-30 th, 2004, Chicago IL

2. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 2 ISIS PCES2 Model driven weaving of crosscutting concerns for middleware-based DRE systems CIAO CoSMIC DAnCE Model Driven Middleware for DRE Systems www.dre.vanderbilt.edu/cosmic & www.dre.vanderbilt.edu/CIAO CoSMIC - Modeling Deployment & Configuration (D&C) crosscutting concerns CIAO – QoS-enabled component middleware DAnCE – Deployment And Configuration Engine Collaborators LMCO, KSU, UAB, BBN, WashU, Boeing QoS-enabled middleware solutions

3. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 3 JUNE 2004 DELIVERABLES

4. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 4 Addressing D&C Crosscutting Concerns with DAnCE Different Stages Development Developer Assembler Packager Target Domain Administrator Deployment Repository Administrator Planner Executor Actors are abstract Usually human + software tool Development Target Deployment

5. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 5 PICML: Capturing & Modeling D&C Crosscutting Concerns Context Configuring & Deploying component- based applications using XML meta-data Problem Meta-data split across multiple XML descriptors Inter-dependencies between descriptors XML is error-prone to read/write manually No guarantees about semantic validity (only syntactic validation possible) If meta-data is wrong, what about my application? Solution PICML = Platform Independent Component Modeling Language Modeling paradigm developed using Generic Modeling Environment (GME) Capture dependencies visually Define semantic constraints using Object Constraint Language (OCL) Generate domain specific meta-data from models Correct-by-construction

6. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 6 IDML: Capturing Interface Definition Aspects in PICML IDML = Interface Definition Modeling Language Graphical modeling language. Component middleware building blocks. Integrated with PICML. Export model to equivalent XML format. Generate middleware-specific application code. IDL generator finished Planned generators for EJB & ICE IDL XML EJB Create Model Export Generat e Modify Model SLICE IDL Generator IDL Importer translates IDL into IDML’s XML format. Import XML into graphical modeling tool. Translate to other middleware platform. Develop model further Regenerate IDL. Generate application code for a different middleware platform. IDL XML Import Modify Model IDL Importer IDL EJB SLICE

7. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 7 EQAL: Capturing Event QoS Aspects in PICML Context Publisher/subscriber services are highly configurable XML-based specification of QoS properties Problems Multiple dissimilar services Semantically invalid operating policies Error-prone handwritten XML Solution Use models to enforce policy constraints & synthesize configuration files EQAL = Event QoS Aspect Language EQAL is part of PICML within the CoSMIC suite Built in the Generic Modeling Environment (GME) Addresses publisher/subscriber service configuration and deployment challenges Models specify service configurations and deployments Aspects decouple D&C concerns Constraints ensure semantic validity Interpreters generate descriptor files

8. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 8 1.EQAL is used to model a federated event service with three sites 2.The ECL strategy specifications are used to scale up any site as well as the corresponding connections in the EQAL model. Three steps are included: Add extra CORBA_Gateways to the existing sites Repeatedly replicate the site as an instance Create connections between all of the sites 3.C-SAW takes the original EQAL model and the ECL specifications, and then generates the new scaled-up EQAL model with additional sites: Model weaving to explore design alternatives more rapidly Design decisions crosscut model hierarchy Removes manual error resulting from tedious/repetitious changes Using C-SAW for Aspect Weaving within EQAL Models 12 3 ECL Specifications aspect Start( ) { scaleUpSites(1, 8, 4); } strategy scaleUpSites(site_id, max, idx: integer) { iterateSite_r(idx-1, 1, max, idx); addSite_r(site_id, max, idx); addCon_r1(site_id, max, 1, 1, idx); } strategy iterateSite_r(oldmax, oldidx, max, idx : integer) { declare id_str :string; if (oldidx <=oldmax) then id_str := intToString(oldidx); rootFolder().findModel("NewGateway_Federation"). findModel("Site " + id_str).addGateWay_r(max, idx); iterateSite_r(oldmax, oldidx+1, max, idx); endif; } aspect Start( ) { scaleUpSites(1, 8, 4); } strategy scaleUpSites(site_id, max, idx: integer) { iterateSite_r(idx-1, 1, max, idx); addSite_r(site_id, max, idx); addCon_r1(site_id, max, 1, 1, idx); } strategy iterateSite_r(oldmax, oldidx, max, idx : integer) { declare id_str :string; if (oldidx <=oldmax) then id_str := intToString(oldidx); rootFolder().findModel("NewGateway_Federation"). findModel("Site " + id_str).addGateWay_r(max, idx); iterateSite_r(oldmax, oldidx+1, max, idx); endif; } EQAL Model with 3 sites EQAL Model with 8 sites Weaver

9. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 9 OCML & BGML: Addressing Configuration & Customization Crosscutting Concerns Options Configuration Modeling Language (OCML) Addressed ORB-level configuration aspects OCML provides constraints on valid combinations of ORB parameters. Synthesizes descriptors encoding the rules Application developers model a set of ORB configuration parameters Application developers validate their ORB configurations against these rules BGML/CCMPerf is a model integrated test & benchmarking suite Models application use-case scenarios to synthesize desired performance aspects of DRE applications

10. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 10 Model Checking & Analysis in CoSMIC Context DRE system CoSMIC models must be analyzed for functional correctness & QoS properties CoSMIC provides limited constraint- checking but no model checking & analysis Problem Selecting the right analysis tool Choosing the right tool data interchange & interoperability communication model Preserving semantics of data during transforms Lossless communication of data & its semantics Solution KSU’s Cadena model checker for analysis & model refinement Leverage DARPA MoBIES technology, e.g., Unified Data Model (UDM), Open Tool Interchange Format (OTIF), & Graph Transformation Tool (GReAT) Two way export & import of models and properties between CoSMIC & Cadena Lossless data communication via exporting only supported features and/or decorating models with extra information

11. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 11 JUNE 2004 EXPERIMENTS & METRICS

12. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 12 Model-based Pub/Sub in CIAO for BBN UAV  Satellite provides intelligence message – Combined Air Operations Center (CAOC) alerts UAV Ground Station (UAVGS), which instructs a UAV to provide imagery. – CAOC alerts Engagement System, which instructs Battle System to engage itself.  Implemented in CIAO using RT Event Service – 6 component types, 7 distributed hosts – Latency benchmarks developed in distributed environment.

13. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 13 Model-based Configuration & Benchmarking Associate QoS metrics to measure in the scenario Model test configuration using OCML Model Component interactions For combination of options select configuration maximizing QoS For pure clients the following settings represents a reusable C&C pattern: {(ORBProfile = null), (ORBClientConnectionHandler = RW), (ORBTransportMuxStrategy = Exclusive), (ORBConnectStrategy = Reactive)}

14. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 14 JUNE 2004 DEMO

15. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 15 Demos & Collaborations for 06/04 PI Meeting Capstone Demo Prototype Showcase earlier capabilities of CoSMIC & CIAO on BBN UAV OEP Collaboration Demo Participants – LMCO (Eagan, Dallas), Kansas State U, Vanderbilt ISIS PCES-2 team Showcase end-to-end tool- chain with CoSMIC, Cadena & Kennedy Carter tools for a representative DRE application Tool Demos Showcase individual tools & capabilities of CoSMIC, DAnCE & CIAO Allow users to have hands-on experience Human Machine Interface Management Work Instructions Watch Setting Manager Robot Manager Pallet Conveyor Manager Control Station GUI Management GUI Host 1Host 2

16. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 16 DECEMBER 2004 PLANNED DELIVERABLES

17. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 17 XML Schema Compiler (XSC) Context  Increasing use of XML vocabularies as a data exchange format: – DnC – ARMS – Modelling tools Problem  Standard APIs (SAX, DOM) are vocabulary- independent and thus dynamic and typeless.  Results in a hard to implement/use/maintain in- memory representations. Solution  XML Schema Compiler, based on vocabulary specification, will automatically generate – statically-typed in-memory representation, parser, and traversal mechanism for C++ or – CORBA IDL. XML Schema IDL C++ XML Schema Compiler

18. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 18 Planned Enhancements to DAnCE Extend DAnCE to provide static linking capabilities for use with Prism Extend XML Schema for Real-time properties & use XSC Deployment planning Further integration with Cadena, OTIF, & GReAT Showcase in Dec 04 Capstone demo

19. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 19 Towards Platform Independence via MOF-Compliant Modeling Use MOF to IDL mapping to generate IDL interfaces. Inheriting from the MOF abstract IDL interfaces. Used to implement a repository for models. Through repository, models are accessible to other MOF- compliant tools. For generation For further development For reuse in other projects For analysis &simulation MOF Modeling Environment Model Repository MOF Abstract Mapping (IDL) MOF2IDL Repository IDL inherits implement MOF-Compliant Tool

20. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 20 Planned Enhancements to C-SAW: Verification of Model Transformations Problem 1.Assumption is that model transformations are correctly written and the result captures the intent of the desired transformation 2.Difficult, if not impossible, to manually verify the correctness of a transformation that modifies multiple locations along several dimensions; compromises integrity of end-to-end modeling process Future Activity: 1.Research and development of an automated testing framework for model transformations; permit unit and regression testing in presence of changes to models/xforms 2.An Executor takes the source model and a series of transformation specifications to produce an intermediate output model 3.A Comparator analyzes the differences between the Output model and the Expected model (i.e., what the transformation is expected to produce) 4.A test report documents any differences between the Output and Expected models

21. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 21 Technology Transition/Transfer (1/4) US Navy, DD(X), & DARPA IXO ARMS programs US Army in collaboration with LMCO (Eagan & Dallas) & KSU on HIMARS/MLRS Joint forces with JTRS SCA in collaboration with BAE Systems CIAO QoS-enabled component middleware & CoSMIC deployment & configuration tools are being transitioned to the following DoD programs Other recent interesting ACE+TAO transitions include USS Ronald Reagan aircraft carrier advanced tactical displays system NASA free flight experiments

22. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 22 ACE 5.4.2, TAO 1.4.2 (July 2004) Technology Transition/Transfer (2/4) http://www.dre.vanderbilt.edu/CIAO http://www.dre.vanderbilt.edu/cosmic Beta and Stable release can be accessed from http://www.dre.vanderbilt.edu/Download.html http://www.dre.vanderbilt.edu/Download.html http://www.gray-area.org/Research/C-SAW/ Contains papers, downloads, video demos CIAO 0.4.2 release (July 2004) & CoSMIC models (July 2004) C-SAW Aspect Model Weaver ACE+TAO+CIAO & CoSMIC Software Releases

23. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 23 Technology Transition/Transfer (3/4) Publications since Dec 03 PI meeting: Elsevier Journal of Computer Science & Programming, Special issue on Model Driven Architecture (To be published) ACM Queue Magazine July 2004 Generative Programming & Component Engineering (GPCE 2004), October 2004 (3 papers) Enterprise Distributed Object Computing (EDOC) October 2004 IEEE Real-time Applications Symposium (RTAS), May 2004 ACM Southeast Conference, Apr 2004 (7 papers) Several OMG RTWS workshop papers, July 2004 Remote Analysis & Monitoring of Software Systems (RAMSS) workshop at ICSE (May 2004) IEEE Transactions on Control Systems, March 2004 Aspect-Oriented Software Development (AOSD 2004), March 2004 Book Chapter in Addison-Wesley AOSD book, Fall 2004

24. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 24 Technology Transition/Transfer (4/4) Workshop/Conference chair/organizing and/or program committee Program Chair 4 th TAO workshop, July 2004 Program Committee RTAS 04, Middleware 04, EDOC 04, RTSS 04, HICSS 04 Guest Editor, Elsevier Journal of Visual Languages and Computing, June 2004 Program Chair HICSS, Adaptive-Evolvable Software Systems, January 2004 Tutorials Chair for GPCE 04 Program Committees ACMSE 04, ACP4IS-AOSD 04, SAC 04, ECBS 04, RTAS-MODES 04, UML 04 Panelist at the workshop on Aspects, Components, and Patterns for Infrastructure Software (ACP4IS) at AOSD, March 2004

25. PCES 06/04 Gokhale 25 Backup