1. BULLYING
and
Cyber- bullying

2. Definition
Bullying has two key components: repeated harmful acts and an imbalance of power.
It involves repeated physical, verbal or psychological attacks or intimidation directed against a victim who cannot properly defend him- or herself because of size or strength, or because the victim is outnumbered or less psychologically resilient.
Bullying includes assault, tripping, intimidation, rumor spreading and isolation, demands for money, destruction of property, theft of valued possessions, destruction of another’s work, and name-calling.
Sanjuana

3. Studies indicate that boys are more likely to bully than girls.
Bullying is widespread and perhaps the most underreported safety problem on American school campuses.
Bullying is now known to have long-lasting harmful effects, for both the victim and the bully and it also affects student’s sense of security
Bullying most often occurs where adult supervision is low or absent: schoolyards, cafeterias, bathrooms, hallways, and stairwells.
Studies indicate that boys are more likely to bully than girls.
Classroom bullying may have more to do with the classroom management techniques a teacher uses than with the number of adult supervisors in the room.
Done by someone with more power or social support to someone with less power or social support;
Often includes the abuser blaming the target for the abuse;
Often it leads to the target blaming him or herself for the abuse;
In most bullying situations, the target cannot stop the bullying by his or her own actions.
one incident of bullying every seven minutes;
adult intervention in 4% of incidents;
peer intervention in 11% of incidents
Sanjuana

4. Mental or Speech Difficulties
Bullies
• Studies concur that bullies tend to be aggressive, dominant and slightly below average in intelligence and reading ability
• Bullies do not appear to have much empathy for their victims.
• Bullying occurs due to a combination of social interactions with parents, peers and teachers.
• Researchers have found higher bullying rates among boys whose parents use physical punishment or violence against them.
Victims of Bullying:
Physical
Mental or Speech Difficulties
Eyeglasses
Skin color
Language
Height
Weight
Hygiene
Posture
Dress or Outfit
Smaller or Weaker
Sanjuana
• Having friends, especially ones who will help protect against bullying, appears to reduce the chances of victimization.

5. Who bullies and why?
Children and youth who bully are more likely to have friends who bully and who have positive attitudes toward violence.
There is no one single cause of bullying among children. Rather, individual, family, peer, school, and community factors can place a child or youth at risk for bullying his or her peers.
Sarah

6. Family risk factors for bullying
Characteristics of children who bully
Children who bully their peers regularly tend to :
Be impulsive, hot-headed, dominant;
Be easily frustrated;
Lack empathy;
Have difficulty following rules
View violence in a positive way.
Boys who bully tend to be physically stronger than other children.
Family risk factors for bullying
Children who bully are more likely than their nonbullying peers to live in homes where there is:
A lack of warmth and involvement on the part of parents;
Overly-permissive parenting (including a lack of limits for children’s behavior);
A lack of supervision by parents;
Harsh, physical discipline; and
A model for bullying behavior.
Sarah

7. LGTB Bullying Statistics
Nearly 1/4th of students from elementary school to high school have reported that they have been harassed or bullied on school grounds because of their race, ethnicity, gender, religion, orientation, or disability California Student Survey
6 out of 10 American teens witness bullying at least once a day.-National Crime prevention Council, 2003
Students hear anti-gay epithets 25 times a day, and teachers fail to respond to those comments 97% of the time.-Gay Lesbian Straight Educator’s Network
1 out of every 10 students who drop out of school does so because of repeated bullying.-Oklahoma Health Department, 2001
Harassment and bullying have been linked to 75% of school-shooting incidents.-US Secret Service Report, May 2002
amy

8. LGTB Bullying Statistics continued
Harassment and bullying have been linked to 75% of school-shooting incidents.-US Secret Service Report, May 2002
Gay and lesbian youth ate 2 to 3 times more likely to commit suicide than other youths, and 30 % of all completed youth suicides are related to the issue of sexual identity-Report to the Secretary’s Task Force on Youth Suicide
More than 91% of LGTB students say they hear homophobic slurs or expressions frequently or often.-GLSEN 2003 National School Climate Survey
Nearly 58% of LGTB students have had property stolen or deliberately damaged at school.- GLSEN 2003 National School Climate Survey
More than 64% of LGBT students say they feel unsafe at school because of their sexual orientation. -GLSEN 2003 National School Climate Survey
amy

9. Story of Tyler Clementi
He jumped of a bridge and killed himself from what his roommate did to him.
Roommate put a feed to the video he had recorded of his roommate with his boyfriend.
amy

10. Racial Bullying
Hispanic youth reported bullying others only marginally more than white or black youth
Black youth reported being bullied significantly more than white or Hispanic youth.
amy

11. Consequences of Bullying
Victims of bullying suffer consequences beyond embarrassment.
Victims experience psychological and / or physical distress, are frequently absent and cannot concentrate on schoolwork.
Victims have low self-esteem, and their victimization can lead to depression that can last for years
Researchers found that between five and ten percent of students stayed at home to avoid being bullied.
Boys and girls who were bullied at least once a week experience poor health, commit suicide, and suffer from depression, social dysfunction, anxiety, and insomnia.
Most students do not report bulling to adults.
Sanjuana

12. Targets Special needs Physical mental speech eye glasses
Children with LD are at greater risk of being teased and physically bullied
Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are more likely than other children to be bullied. They also are somewhat more likely than others to bully their peers
Children with medical conditions that affect their appearance (e.g., cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, and spina bifida) are more likely to be victimized by peers. Frequently, these children report being called names related to their disability
Sarah

13. Most students do not report bulling to adults.
Some of the reasons victims gave for not telling include:
* Fear
* Feeling shame at not being able to stand up for themselves
* Fearing they would not be believed
* Not wanting to worry their parents
* Having no confidence that anything would change as a result
* Thinking their parents’ or teacher’s advice would make the problem worse
* Fearing their teacher would tell the bully who told on him or her
* Thinking it was wore to be thought of as a snitch
Sanjuana

14. Cyber-bullying – What is it?
Use of information and communication technologies to support deliberate, repeated, and hostile behavior by an individual or group, intending to harm someone.
matt5

15. Cyber-bullying occurs through…
Text messaging
Chat rooms
Creation of websites
Online voting booths
matt

16. Cyber-bullying Victim Habits
Closes windows on their computer when you enter room
Is secretive about Internet activities
Is always doing homework on the Internet, but always in chat groups and getting behind with school work
Won't say who they are talking to
Lack of appetite, throwing up
Fear of going out of the house
Lack of interest at social events that include other students
Frequent visits to the school nurse or office complaining of feeling sick - wants to call Mom or Dad to come & get them
Lowered self-esteem
A marked change in attitude, dress or habits
Acting out aggression at home
Missing or incomplete school work, decreased success in class
Trouble sleeping
matt

17. Stats
A study of 2,000 middle school students found that cyber-bullying victims are twice as likely to attempt suicide.
Study from “Common Sense Media” found parents are often unaware of how social networking sites are used.
Girls are almost twice as likely to be threatened online
A national survey of year olds found that twice as many children indicated they had been victims and perpetrators of online harassment in 2005 compared with 2000.
matt

18. What can be done to stop this?
Introduce a cyber-bullying
education program in the schools
Get more involved in students’ lives
Be more observant
Never give out any personal information to strangers
Don’t believe everything you read
Don’t look at a message from someone you don’t know
matt

19. The first step is to identify unacceptable peer actions
. These include:
Physical aggression: hitting, kicking, pushing, choking, punching;
Verbal aggression: threatening, taunting, teasing, starting rumors, hate speech;
Exclusion from activities: This does not mean that a student should have to be friends with every other student; it does mean that children should not be allowed to systematically exclude others.
Sarah

20. Strategies to Prevent Bullying
Identify and assess bullying .
Cultivate a positive social environment.
Train your students and staff.
Establish clear rules and consequences.
5. Increase adult supervision during “primetime”.
6. Counsel all parties.
7. Intervene consistently and appropriately.
8. Continue efforts over time.
Melody

21. Some practical knowledge
The Bullied
The Bully
The Observers of the Bullying
Activity
Melody

22. Sources www.stopbullyingnow.hrsa.gov
– U.S. Department of Health and Human Resources and U.S. Department of Education
– Parent advocacy group lead by Bill Belsey of Taber, Alberta Canada
Dr. Tamara Lombard,PHD – Cognitive Behavior, Interpersonal Psychologist
Sanjuana 5Amy4Sarah4 matt5 Melody2