1. Life in the English Colonies
5.1 Forms of Government

2. Colonial Governments CHARTER: Power is given for a government
Three types of Charters
Proprietary: Individuals ran the colony and chose the leaders
Company: The company chose the leaders
Royal: The King chose the leaders
PRIVY COUNCIL- They oversaw English Policy in the colonies.
The King granted all charters and had the last say on policy!

3. Colonial Assemblies BICAMERAL LEGISLATURE- Two house lawmaking body.
Representatives are elected by the colonists.
TOWN MEETINGS: A gathering to decide important issues on the local level.

4. Colonial Courts
Many courts enforced the colony’s religious views or protected individual freedoms.
John Zenger: Fought for freedom of the press. He was found not guilty.

5. The Dominion of New England
James II is the new King of England.
He wants more control over the colonies.
He unites the northern colonies under one government
He limits town meetings

6. The Glorious Revolution
James II kicked out by William and Mary
All charters restored to the colonies, but the King chose the governor
ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS: Power of the English Monarchy is reduced. Parliaments has more say.

7. Life in the English Colonies
5.2 Notes

8. English Trade Laws
MERCANTILISM: Create and maintain wealth by controlling trade
BALANCE OF TRADE- A balance between imports and exports.
Imports
Exports

9. English Trade Laws NAVIGATION ACTS-
It required the colonies to do most of their trading with England
Trade in the colonies becomes unbalanced.
Heavy taxes were also applied to imported goods.
This leads to smuggling

10. English Trade Laws TRIANGULAR TRADE- Trade in the form of a triangle
Example: America to Africa to West Indies to America

11. The Middle Passage The journey from Africa to America
It could last as long as three months
10 million slaves cross the Atlantic Ocean
Thousands die from smallpox and suicide
Wealth forces people to close their eyes to the inhumanity of slavery.

12. Life in the English Colonies
5.3 The Colonial Economy

13. Agriculture in the Southern Colonies
Warm climate and long growing seasons
CASH CROPS: Tobacco, rice, and indigo
SLAVE CODES-
Laws to control slaves
You could not have meeting, own weapons, or learn to read or write.

14. Industry and Trade in New England
The land was not good for growing crops
Trade, fishing, and shipbuilding supported the economy.

15. The Middle Colonies Good growing seasons with rich land
STAPLE CROPS: Crops that are always needed such as wheat, barley, and oats
Trade was also very good

16. Life in the English Colonies
5.4 The Great Awakening

17. Religion in the Colonies
Most colonists are Protestants
South: Anglican
Middle: Quakers, Lutherans
New England: Congregationalist (Puritan)
Some Catholics in Maryland, Jewish in cities.

18. The Great Awakening Not a single event.
A series of REVIVALS or gatherings where People come together to hear sermons and declare their faith.
Popular with young men and women.
Focused on renewing religious enthusiasm and commitment.

19. The Great Awakening
We are all born sinners, but could be saved by God. Rich or Poor alike.
Communication increases among colonies with traveling ministers.
Equality for all was promoted and revivals became popular places to discuss politics.

20. Life in the English Colonies
5.5 American Culture

21. Education There were more schools in New England
Southern families usually lived far from towns and required tutors or parents for their education
Most stopped their education after the elementary grades.

22. Benjamin Franklin He wrote POOR RICHARD’S ALMANACK
He was an inventor too.
He made the lightning rod, Franklin stove, and bifocals.
He also found positive and negative charges in electricity
He even developed daylight savings time.