1. Biology & Behavior

2. The NERVOUS SYSTEM  What is its function? –Involved in thinking –Involved in dreaming –Involved in feeling –Involved in moving –Involved in reactions –Involved in learning –Involved in memory

3. Nervous System Overview  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F Z5dD2TtfXw

4. TWO PARTS of NERVOUS SYSTEM (see transparency)  CENTRAL nervous system  PERIPHERAL nervous system  Made up of nerve cells that send messages between the CNS and parts of the body.

7. OUCH! THAT’S ONE HOT STOVE!!! How do messages get sent from one part of the body to another?

8. VIA the Telephone

10. How do neurons work?  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ys DGX6bOgAw

11. COMMUNICATION  Messages are sent and received through NEURONS (see transparency) and received through NEURONS (see transparency)  Messages are sent from the AXON terminals of one neuron to the DENDRITE of the other neuron

13. COMMUNICATION  Message must cross the SYNAPSE junction of neuron “a” to reach the dendrites of neuron “b” (see transparency)

16. COMMUNICATION  Messages is sent across the synapse through NEUROTRANSMITTERS or chemical messengers who carry impulses

17. NEURO- WHAT!?  Much like drops of water shooting out of a spray bottle, they fire messages hundreds of times a second.  Presence of too many or too little neurotransmitters result in disease and psychological disorders.

18. Famous Neuro- “T”s  Acetylcholine: muscle control, when low our memories are impaired.  Dopamine: motor behavior, when low often diagnosed with Parkinson’s Disease, when high often schizophrenic

19. Famous Neuro- “T”s  Serotonin: emotional arousal and sleep, when unequal level may result in OCD, Depression.  Noradrenalin: prepares body for action

20. FAST FACTS:  Dendrites always receive messages  Axon always carries messages away

21. How fast are neurons? (experiment)

22. NERVOUS SYSTEM CNS PNS Autonomic System Somatic System Para- sympathetic System Sympathetic System

23. Central Nervous System  Spinal Cord extends from the brain down the back  A column of nerves as thick as your thumb and is protected by bones in your spine.

24.  Transmits messages between the brain, muscles and glands.  Spinal reflexes- automatic response

25. Peripheral Nervous System  Lies outside the CNS and is responsible for transmitting messages between the CNS and body parts.  2 parts

26. Somatic Nervous System  Activated by touch, pain, temperature changes, body position changes (enables us to maintain posture and balance).  Transmits sensory messages

27. Autonomic Nervous System  Automatically or “occurring involuntarily”  Regulates body’s vital functions: –Heartbeat, Breathing, Digestion, Blood Pressure

28.  Psychologists are interested in ANS b/c of its involvement in emotion  2 parts

29. Autonomic System Parasympathetic System Sympathetic System

30.  Prepares the body for action  “Fight-or-Flight”  Suppresses digestion, increases heart rate, elevates blood pressure

31. Parasympathetic System  Calms the body after emergencies  Normalizes heart rate and blood pressure, breathing  PEACE

32. Hind and midbrain

33. forebrain

34. Limbic system