1. Kilimanjaro Centre for Community Ophthalmology Experience of Community Optometry in Kilimanjaro Region and Arumeru District (from June to December 2004)

2. Population 1.4 million DRS DRS in Kilimanjaro Region KCMC

3. 422 110 293 161 65 335 Arumeru 563 Refraction tests per District

4. 183 63 365 Arumeru 443 260 148 78 Presbyopic tests per District

5. Refraction and presbyopic tests per visit

6. Total sales of spectacles

7. DRS conducted with Lions Clubs

8. Number of sales by number of refractions

9. Sales among people refracted (by sex) District MALE FEMALE TOTAL Arumeru 58.9 46.0 51.2 Hai 43.6 58.1 50.7 Moshi R 81.6 73.3 77.7 Moshi U 17.8 14.0 15.3 Mwanga 50.0 40.0 44.5 Rombo 33.3 26.1 28.9 Same 66.6 69.0 67.9 TOTAL 55.7 50.3 49.4

10. Most common selling powers

11. Most common selling spectacles by frame style

12. The cost of affordable ready- made spectacles Purchasing + shipping costs per pair = Tsh. 3,020/- Purchasing a spectacle case = Tsh 500/- Selling price for metallic spectacles =Tsh 6,000/- Selling price for plastic spectacles = Tsh 4,000/- Selling price for spectacle cases = Tsh 1,000/-

13. Income/Expenses Income Spectacles = 4,638,000 Cases = 417,000 Total = 5,055,000 Tsh Expenses Spectacles + shipping = 2,190,584 (about 100 donated) Cases = 208,500 Salary = 1,200,000 Field expenses = 110,400 Office supplies = 50,000 Total = 3,497,596 Tsh

14. Expenses

15. Refining Kilimanjaro programme Improve teaching of optometry students Refine and finish manual of operations Negotiate with Lions Clubs so they sell spectacles of higher quality Monitor progress and prepare manuscript for publication on programme successes (July 2005)

16. Expansion of community optometry to additional regions Training of optometrists from Tanga, Singida and Mara regions in community optometry Establishment of programmes in these regions Teach district eye coordinators basic refraction (districts without optometrists)?

17. KWA HERINI Mr Mworia Simon Damas KCCO Community Optometrist