1. A Primary Look at Primary Sources Using primary sources in the primary classroom By Cheryl L. Best 2nd Grade Teacher Library of Congress Ambassador Bunker Hill,Illinois best5@madisontelco.com

2. Definition A primary source is an original source, created in a time period of study.

3. Examples of Primary Sources Newspaper Photograph Documents/ speeches, receipts Diary Music Art Cartoons Sound Recordings Newspaper Photograph Documents/ speeches, receipts Diary Music Art Cartoons Sound Recordings

4. What is NOT one Encyclopedia Dictionaries Biographies Textbooks

5. Connection to Standards Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning (McREL) Standards http://www.mcrel.org/standards-benchmarks/ History: 1. Understands and knows how to analyze chronological relationships and patterns 2. Understands the historical Language Arts: Uses viewing skills and strategies to understand and interpret visual media Uses reading skills and strategies to understand and interpret a variety of literary texts Uses reading skills and strategies to understand and interpret a variety of informational texts Visual Arts: Understands the visual arts in relation to history and cultures IL State Standards, www.isbe.net/ils Social Studies IL 16.A Apply the skills of historical analysis and interpretation Language Arts 5.B Analyze and evaluate information acquired from various sources.

6. Why use primary sources? Library of Congress www.loc.gov What is history and how can we make sense of it? How can we excite our students about the past and teach them to think like historians? One way we can learn about the past is by examining primary sources. They make history come alive. They offer different points of view. Students will find them engaging. Analyzing them will encourage historical thinking. Making connections to the past will help them understand the present.

7. Cartoon can be obtained online at: Rogers, Rob. Tainted Nut. 02/01/09. Post- gazette NOW, Opinion/Rob Rogers. Pittsburgh Post Gazette. Retrieved 2/10/09 from http://www.post- gazette.com/robrogers/default.asp?id=24http://www.post- gazette.com/robrogers/default.asp?id=24

8. So what? Look at picture Ask questions of the picture Who? What? Where? When? Why?

9. Library Congress Source Set

10. Compare & contrast your family to the family in the photograph.

11. Library Congress Source Set

12. Using a Letter Using a letter for information. Who? What? Where? How? Why?

13. Library Congress Source Set

14. Using a Bill of Sale Analyze by age, children, adult & sex of each

15. Library Congress Source Set

16. Poetry Carl Sandburg (1878–1967). Cornhuskers. 1918. Illinois Farmer BURY this old Illinois farmer with respect. He slept the Illinois nights of his life after days of work in Illinois cornfields. Now he goes on a long sleep. The wind he listened to in the corn silk and the tassels, the wind that combed his red beard zero mornings when the snow lay white on the yellow ears in the bushel basket at the corncrib, The same wind will now blow over the place here where his hands must dream of Illinois corn.

17. Library Congress Source Set

18. Using Primary Sources in the Classroom Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it. George Santayana, Provoke questions Give ideas Allow for thought Teach history Spark interest Challenge & inspire

20. Connecting to Literature “Books as Hooks” handouts created by Gail Petri, Education Resource Specialist at the Library of Congress The Learning Page, Community Center Zoom In Activity- Primary Source Learning Web site, Northern VA TPS Program

21. Teaching with Primary Sources Program Library of Congress CD Presentation Resource CD Library of Congress www.loc.gov

22. Resources 1.Rogers, Rob. Tainted Nut. 02/01/09. Pittsburgh Post Gazette. Retrieved 02/10/09 from http://www.post-gazette.com/robrogers/default.asp?id=24 http://www.post-gazette.com/robrogers/default.asp?id=24 2.Donnely, A. The resurrection of Henry Box Brown at Philadelphia, who escaped from Richmond Va. In a box 3 feet long 2 ½ ft. deep and 2 ft wide. Prints & Photograph Division, Library of Congress. Retrieved 02/10/09 from http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi- bin/query/r?pp/PPALL:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3g04659))http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi- bin/query/r?pp/PPALL:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3g04659)) 3.Lange, Dorothea. Migrant family looking for work in the pea fields. California. American Memory Collection, Library of Congress. Retrieved 02/10/09 from http://memory.loc.gov/cgi- bin/query/r?ammem/fsaall:@filreq(@field(NUMBER+@band(fsa+8b27082))+@field(COLLID +fsa))http://memory.loc.gov/cgi- bin/query/r?ammem/fsaall:@filreq(@field(NUMBER+@band(fsa+8b27082))+@field(COLLID +fsa)) 4.Wright, Orville. Family Papers: Correspondence, 1881, 1888-1898- The Wilbur and Orville Wright Papers. American Memory, Library of Congress. Retrieved 02/10/09 from http://memory.loc.gov/cgi- bin/ampage?collId=mwright&fileName=02/02037/mwright02037.db&recNum=1 http://memory.loc.gov/cgi- bin/ampage?collId=mwright&fileName=02/02037/mwright02037.db&recNum=1 5.Auction Sale Of Negroes. 1855. Emergence of Advertising in America: 1850-1920 Collection, American Memory. Library of Congress. Retrieved 02/10/09 from http://memory.loc.gov/cgi- bin/query/r?ammem/eaa:@field(DOCID+@lit(eaa000402))http://memory.loc.gov/cgi- bin/query/r?ammem/eaa:@field(DOCID+@lit(eaa000402)) 6.Carl Sandburg, head-and-shoulders portrait, facing left. 1955. Prints & Photograph Division, Library of Congress. Retrieved 02/10/09 from http://memory.loc.gov/cgi- bin/query/r?pp/ils:@filreq(@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3c15064))+@field(COLLID+cph))http://memory.loc.gov/cgi- bin/query/r?pp/ils:@filreq(@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3c15064))+@field(COLLID+cph))