1. H ISTORY OF N EWS

2. A GENDA What? Identify bias in the news Learn about the history of news, types of news and the 6 key questions for a news article Why?  Become a more media literate consumer of news.  Learn foundational news information so you can apply it in your newspaper project (coming soon).

3. T HE H ISTORY OF N EWS Ladies and gentlemen, can I please have your attention. I've just been handed a urgent and horrifying news story, and I need all of you, to stop what you're doing and listen... Cannonball!

4. O RIGINS 1 st century – Romans post news sheets in town square (for free!) 16 th century – Venice provides regular news sheets for a “gazetta” coin – hence the name “Gazette” 1665 – First English newspaper ( Oxford Gazette) published under rule of the crown.

5. 18 TH C ENTURY 1798 – Alien and Sedition Acts: restrictions about criticizing government, president, cabinet. Convicts fined and jailed. Newspapers are aimed at elite, focus on business/politics (6 cents each)

6. 18 TH C ENTURY 1833 – Benjamin Day creates New York Sun (1 cent). Highlights crime, violence, murders, fires, trials, executions. 1844 – Samuel F.B. Morse invents telegraph – speeds distribution of info.

7. 18 TH C ENTURY C ONTINUED 1848 – Associated Press formed – creates inverted pyramid 1865-1900 – Yellow journalism = sensational writing. Expose slums, poverty, racism, etc. Joseph Pulitzer William Randolph Hearst Edward Scripps – focused on the “plain 95%” rather than the elite 5%”

8. I NVERTED P YRAMID 1. Headline: short, attenion-grabbing, informative, interesting, clear, large bold letters 2. Sub-headline: Start to answer 5 Ws and H; explains headline directly under 3. Lead: One sentence that summarizes 5Ws and H; opening sentence of article 4. Details: logically relays information in neutral, natural way Who? What? When? Where? Why? How?

9. I DENTIFY THE PARTS OF THE INVERTED PYRAMID FOR THE FOLLOWING NEWS STORY. A LSO LOOK FOR THE 5 W S ( WHO, WHAT, WHEN, WHERE, WHY ) AND H ( HOW ). READY? GO!

10. A UTISTIC BOY SCOUT SAVES TEACHER ’ S LIFE : A L OCAL 10-Y EAR -O LD B OY USES H EIMLICH TO STOP TEACHER FROM CHOKING. K YLE F ORBES, 10, IS NO ORDINARY KID – MOST EVERYONE WILL AGREE UPON THAT – BUT NOW HE ' S BEING HONORED BY HIS SCHOOL AND HIS S COUT PACK FOR SPRINGING INTO ACTION T UESDAY TO SAVE HIS TEACHER ' S LIFE. F OR H YDE E LEMENTARY S CHOOL TEACHER S HERI L OWE, EVERY DAY TEACHING ART CLASS NOW IS A GIFT. "H E SAVED MY LIFE," SAID L OWE.

11. 1900-P RESENT Three major changes 1. Objectivity – New York Times : dedicated to accurate information 2. Social responsibility: Codes and ethics 3. Jazz journalism : bold headlines, pictures, stunts (sensational writing), reflects roaring 20s. Currently: Specialized

12. T HE B USINESS OF N EWS I'm gonna shoot you with a BB gun when you're not looking... in the back of the head.

13. A DVERTISING First thing produced on the page 61% of newspaper 2 Types of ads 1. Display ads for stores, products, services 2. Classified ads for job openings, personal ads, real estate Not again! I like long walks on the beach…

14. “N EWSHOLE ” The space available in a newspaper for actual news – after all advertisements have been placed Refers to news content: Writing (stories, captions) Photos Graphics (tables, data, political cartoons)

15. “N EWSHOLE ” - C ONTENT : WRITING, PHOTOS, GRAPHICS News: world, national, state, local Editorials: editors of newspapers take a position on a current topic (laws, politicians, education, etc.) Opinion pieces: letters to editor Syndicated columnists: Appear in newspapers regularly

16. T YPES OF N EWS Hard News (NEED to know) Exhibits objectivity – just facts, no opinions Examples: world, national, state, local Crime and disaster: assures people that THEIR lives aren’t bad Investigative reporting: looks deeply into a situation, giving facts not previously known

17. T YPES OF NEWS CONTINUED Soft News – WANT to know Examples: sports, food, travel, science, special interest

18. T YPES OF N EWS C ONTINUED Other types or overlapping types: Newsmaker : celebrities, politicians, athletes (make news when they talk, marry, divorce, date, get DUIs, etc.) “Katy Perry Keeps Locks of Hair” Pseudo-news: fake news, non- critical, staged for shock value “Kim and Kayne Having Alien Baby!”

19. T YPES OF N EWS C ONTINUED Other types or overlapping types: Human Interest : Stories about non- newsmakers, often moving, dramatic or heroic “Teacher in Nevada Saves Student from Gunshot: Gives His Life” Sensationalism : Blown out of proportion, exaggerated “Democrats Using ‘Obamacare’ to Destroy Government, Country Doomed”

20. M ATCH I T U P  With your partner, match each headline with the appropriate news type.

21. L OOKING AHEAD Tomorrow, we’ll work more closely with the pyramid and with the 5Ws and H so you can get some practice in before YOU start writing.