1. The Era of Progressivism The Ashcan & The Muckrake Created by Mr. Johnson

2. 7.01 – Explain the conditions that led to the rise of Progressivism. Objective

3. Ashcan School Muckraking Ida Tarbell Lincoln Steffens Upton Sinclair Key Terms & People Jacob Riis Frank Norris Urban slums Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

4. Wealth in the Gilded Age

5. Mark Twain – The Gilded Age

6. Distribution of Wealth Top 1% of Population 25% of nation’s wealth Top 10% of population 70% of nation’s wealth Growing middle class Large numbers of poor farmers and city dwellers Rich Poor

7. Distribution of Wealth Andrew Carnegie Homeless Children

8. The Ashcan School of Artists

9. “The Apostles of Ugliness” The New York Realists

10. “Eviction” Everett Shinn, 1904 “Eviction” Everett Shinn, 1904

11. “Tugboat and Lighter” William Glackens, 1904

12. “Paddy Flannigan” George Bellows, 1908

13. “Dutch Joe” Robert Henri, 1910

14. “McSorley’s Bar” John Sloan, 1912 “McSorley’s Bar” John Sloan, 1912

15. “Snow in New York” Robert Henri, 1901 “Snow in New York” Robert Henri, 1901

16. “Fire on 24 th Street” Everett Shinn, 1907

17. “A Stag at Sharkey’s Place” George Bellows, 1917

18. Progressivism: The Social Gospel

19. MuckrakersMuckrakers TemperanceTemperance SuffragettesSuffragettes OldPopulistsOldPopulists MidclassWomenMidclassWomen LaborUnionsLaborUnions CivilRights?CivilRights?

20. Help the Poor? Help Yourself? Gospel of Wealth Progressivism & Social Gospel Unionism Socialism Communism Anarchism Rich Poor

21. The Muckrakers

22. What is a Muckraker? Bunyan’s A Pilgrim’s Progress Digging up dirty secrets of government and business corruption… leads to reform

23. Jacob Riis Urban slums Upton Sinclair Meatpacking Ida Tarbell Standard Oil John Spargo Child Labor Who Were the Muckrakers? Frank Norris Western farmers Lincoln Steffens Municipal corruption Nellie Bly Mental Health McClure’s Magazine Leading muckraker magazine

24. Muckraking & Yellow Journalism

25. Trust-Busting

26. “Wealth Against Commonwealth” Standard Oil Monopoly Henry Demarest Lloyd

27. A History of the Standard Oil Company (1904) Anti-trust lawsuit Break-up of Standard Oil in 1911 Ida Tarbell

28. Standard Oil & Rockefeller

29. Poverty of Farmers & Immigrants

30. Epic of Wheat trilogy –Conflict between farmers and railroad companies Frank Norris

31. Epic of Wheat

32. How the Other Half Lives (1889) Urban slums –Poverty –Overcrowding –Working conditions –Sanitation –Crime Jacob Riis

33. How the Other Half Lives

37. Settlement houses Hull House, Chicago Jane Addams

38. Settlement Houses

39. Working Conditions

40. John Spargo

41. Florence Kelley Sweatshops

42. The Jungle (1906) Meatpacking industry –Sanitation –Working conditions Upton Sinclair

43. The Jungle (1906)

45. Meatpacking Scandal

46. Labeling & inspection of food & drugs Eventual creation of the FDA Sinclair –“I aimed at the public's heart, and by accident I hit it in the stomach.” WRAL Restaurant InspectionsWRAL Restaurant Inspections Pure Food & Drug Act (1906)

47. Garment Factory New York City Young women workers Locked doors 145 dead Triangle Shirtwaist Fire (1911)

51. State labor departments Workers compensation Minimum wage laws Max occupancy Fire escapes Reforms

52. Municipal Corruption

53. “Honest Graft” Defense of Political Machines George Washington Plunkitt

54. Cartoonist Attacked Tammany Hall Thomas Nast

55. The Shame of the Cities (1904) –Political machines –Graft & electoral fraud Lincoln Steffens

56. Political Machines

57. Mental Health

58. Ten Days in a Mad-House –Physical & verbal abuse –Rat–infested kitchens –Patients who were not mentally ill Nellie Bly

59. “What, excepting torture, would produce insanity quicker than this treatment? Here is a class of women sent to be cured. I would like the expert physicians who are condemning me for my action, which has proven their ability, to take a perfectly sane and healthy woman, shut her up and make her sit from 6 a.m. until 8 p.m. on straight-back benches, do not allow her to talk or move during these hours, give her no reading and let her know nothing of the world or its doings, give her bad food and harsh treatment, and see how long it will take to make her insane. Two months would make her a mental and physical wreck.” Ten Days in a Mad-House

60. T.R.: Reluctant Reformer

61. “There is filth on the floor and it must be scraped up with the muck-rake; and there are times and places where this service is the most needed of all the services that can be performed. But the man who never does anything else, who never thinks or speaks or writes, save of his feats with the muck-rake, speedily becomes, not a help to society, not an incitement to good, but one of the most potent forces for evil.” T.R. on Muckrakers