1. Issues in Integrated Circuit Design for UHF RFID Zhihua WANG,Xuguang SUN, Chun ZHANG,Yongming LI Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University,Beijing,100084,P.R.China RFIT2007-IEEE International Workshop on Radio- Frequency Integration Technology, pp.322-328 Dec.9-11,2007,Singapore Advisor: Yens ho Reporter: C.C.Lan

2. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan2 Outline  Introuction  Issues in Tag  Issues in Reader  Design Instances  Conclusion

3. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan3 Introduction ۞Bar code ۞Disadvantage- ۞Lack of programmability ۞Limited storage capacity ۞In sight operation distance and low data throughput ۞RFID system ۞Consists of ۞A reader ۞Several tags

4. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan4 Issues in Tag Low Power Design Rectifier Design Anti-collision Mechanism Security Mechanism On-chip Antenna

5. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan5 Low Power Design Digital: –Lower the supply voltage 1.5V supply voltage in 0.5  m CMOS process 1.14V supply voltage in 0.18  m CMOS process 0.6V supply voltage in 0.18  m CMOS process –Lower the clock frequency Clock separation technique(3.35~3.75MHz clock for PIE decoding) Digital clock manager(1MHz to produce a synchronous 40KHz clock with Manchester-coded)

6. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan6 Low Power Design Analog: –Voltage regulator Perform well as the input RF power varies more than 30dB Design regulator into two stages( near field, far field) –On-chip oscillator Ring oscillator Current starve ring oscillator Low voltage current mirrors

7. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan7 Rectifier Design

8. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan8 Rectifier Design

9. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan9 Anti-collision Mechanism Aloha based protocol To reduce the collision probability by separating tag transmission in distinct time slot Key research- to optimize the slot number Tree based protocol –Use a group splitting mechanism Disadvantage is the relatively long identification delay Adaptive binary splitting protocol –Improve to shorten identification time

10. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan10 Security Mechanism Authentication –Mutual three-pass authentication Encryption –A low power encryption hardware using TEA algorithm –SHA-1 algorithm

11. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan11 On-Chip Antenna In some applications, where the operation distance is a primary consideration OCA can be an effective way to cut down the total cost and make the size of tag small

12. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan12 Issues in Reader Carrier Leakage Problem CMOS PA design

13. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan13 Carrier Leakage Problem

14. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan14 Carrier Leakage Problem

15. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan15 Carrier Leakage Problem

16. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan16 Design Instances A passive RFID Tag with Standard EEPROM A security Module using XTEA Algorithm A Single Chip RFID Reader Transceiver

17. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan17 A passive RFID Tag with Standard EEPROM

18. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan18 A passive RFID Tag with Standard EEPROM

19. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan19 A passive RFID Tag with Standard EEPROM

20. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan20 A security Module using XTEA Algorithm

21. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan21 A Single Chip RFID Reader Transceiver

22. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan22 A Single Chip RFID Reader Transceiver

23. RFIC Recognition and fulfillment LabC.C.Lan23 Conclusion looks into the UHF RFID IC design in which both tag and reader have their own design challenges Issues in RFID –Low power, energy harvesting, anti-collision, security, and OCA in tag design –Carrier leakage and CMOS PA in reader