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IDM 404 Dr. Joan Burtner Spring 2015

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Presentation on theme: "IDM 404 Dr. Joan Burtner Spring 2015"— Presentation transcript:

1 Value Stream Management for Lean Healthcare: The Evolution of Healthcare Quality
IDM 404 Dr. Joan Burtner Spring 2015 Industrial Management Case Studies Tapping et al: Chapter 1 Lecture 2

2 Quality Assurance - People
Hippocrates (460 – 370 BC) Known as the Father of Medicine “First, do no harm “ Florence Nightingale ( ) Founder of modern day nursing Authored books which called attention to the importance of cleanliness and sanitation to decrease death rates in hospitals Dr. Ernest Codman Credited with initiating quality in healthcare Compared death rates at Boston-area hospitals Spring 2015 IDM 404 Dr. Burtner

3 Quality Assurance – Joint Commission
1951 Joint Commission of Accreditation of Hospitals (JCAH) was formed Stimulate continuous improvement Increase efficiency Strengthen public confidence Improve management of health care services Provide education on best practices 1975 Quality of Professional Services was published Quality standard Explicit, measurable criteria Retrospective outcome-focused, time-limited audits 1987 Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) Agenda for Change Quality assessment and improvement standards How well is healthcare actually provided? Spring 2015 IDM 404 Dr. Burtner

4 Total Quality Management
Quality management from the customer’s point of view 1931 Walter A. Shewhart Statistician at Western Electric Plan Do Check Act (PDCA) cycle Define problem, collect data, determine root cause Develop and implement a solution and decide on metrics Look at before and after data comparisons Document and disseminate results, recommend next problem investigation (continuous improvement) Spring 2015 IDM 404 Dr. Burtner

5 Total Quality Management Limitations 1
In retrospect, many potential limitations were apparent Middle management resisted it Management environments were controlling versus empowering Employees’ training and support was inadequate Components of TQM that survived Plan Do Check Act (PDCA) cycle Quality Improvement (QI) teams and tools Spring 2015 IDM 404 Dr. Burtner

6 Total Quality Management Limitations 2
Major reasons for the demise of healthcare TQM may have been Insufficient senior management support, involvement and commitment Lack of direction on how to implement TQM Lack of a sense of urgency with respect to challenges faced by healthcare compared to today TQM required long term commitment without providing immediate results TQM did not provide immediate problem resolution allowing people to pull the plug prematurely These TQM limitations are opinions of the textbook authors. Spring 2015 IDM 404 Dr. Burtner

7 Healthcare Quality Campaigns
Safer Healthcare Now (Canada) Dr. Donald Berwick (USA) Leading advocate of patient safety Harvard Medical School Institute for Health Improvement (1991) Save 100,000 Lives Campaign Save 1,000,000 Lives Campaign Save 5,000,000 Lives Campaign Spring 2015 IDM 404 Dr. Burtner

8 Healthcare Quality Campaigns -IOM
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) is an independent, nonprofit organization that works outside of government to provide unbiased and authoritative advice to decision makers and the public ( Established in 1970, the IOM is the health arm of the National Academy of Sciences, National Academies, which comprises the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, the National Research Council, and the IOM. Spring 2015 IDM 404 Dr. Burtner

9 Selected IOM Publications
To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System (1999) Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century (2001) Priority Areas for National Action: Transforming Healthcare Quality (2003) Preventing Medication Errors:Quality Chasm Series (2006) Rewarding Provider Performance: Aligning Incentives in Medicare (2006) America’s Uninsured Crisis: Consequences for Health and Health Care (2009) Spring 2015 IDM 404 Dr. Burtner

10 Six Sigma for Healthcare
Became popular in healthcare in the late 1990s “Customer-focused, statistically based process improvement methodology for reducing defects based on process improvements.” (page 25) 3.4 defects per 1,000,000 opportunities for error Six Sigma green belts and black belts DMAIC Define, measure, analyze, improve, control Spring 2015 IDM 404 Dr. Burtner

11 TQM/Six Sigma for Healthcare
Total Quality Management “Step-by-step” guide (DMAIC) No “instruction manual” Focused approach to problem selection (potential impact on the bottom line) General approach to problem selection (process improvement) Focus on error reduction (defects per opportunity) Focus on incremental improvement Cross-functional Departmentalized Structured training requirements (design of experiments and supervised projects required for certification) Minimal training requirements (unspecified certification programs) Spring 2015 IDM 404 Dr. Burtner


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