1. Introduction to Computer Basics

2. What Is A Computer?
An electronic device that receives data, processes data, stores data, and produces a result (output).
A collection of electronic circuits, which can be on or off (open or closed).
These two states of the circuit are represented by two digits, 0 and 1, called a binary system.

3. What is Data? Data: People:
information entered into the computer to be processed, which consists of the following:
Text, numbers, sounds, and images
People:
the users of the computers who enter the data and use the output.

4. Data Communications
Computer technology enables computers to communicate
You can send text, numeric data, voice or video data from one machine to another.
Popular examples:
Internet
Electronic messages ( )
Text Messages (SMS)
Multimedia Messages (MMS)
Istant Messages (IM)
Faxes
Electronic or online banking

5. Hardware
Hardware:
the tangible, physical parts of the computer equipment that can be seen and touched such as:
The Computer itself
Monitor
Keyboard
Mouse
CD/DVD Drive
Speakers

6. Parts of the Computer Central Processing Unit (CPU):
the microprocessor, the brains of the computer.
Chip contains millions of switches and pathways that help your computer make important decisions.
The main chip that allows computer to do millions of calculations per second and makes it possible for users to use their computer however they need.

7. Computer Technology Hard Drive Network Drive
Permanently storing files, programs, and other data on your computer’s hard drive, which is like computer’s “filing cabinet”
Network Drive
A Storage space on a network, such as school or work network.

8. Computer Memory Memory:
found on the motherboard; short term and long term.
Random Access Memory (RAM)
memory on the motherboard that is short term; where data, information, and program instructions are stored temporarily on a RAM chip or a set of RAM chips.
Read-Only Memory (ROM)
memory on the motherboard that is long term; where the specific instructions that are needed for the computer to operate are stored.

9. Input, Output, & Storage Devices
Input device: hardware that allows you to communicate with your computer.
Output device: hardware that allows your computer to communicate with the user
Storage device: allows you to store or retrieve information
Some types of technology can be both an input and an output device!!!

10. Computer Input Devices
Keyboard
Mouse/Trackball
Joystick
Light pen
Pointing Stick
Touchpad
Video Camera
Touch screen
Bar code reader
Scanner
Microphone
Graphics Tablet
Digital Cameras

11. Computer Input Devices
Keyboard
The hardware device used to enter letters, numbers, and commands into the computer
Numeric Keyboard
The portion of the keyboard, set up like a adding machine or calculator used to enter numbers and equations quickly into the computer
Mouse
A tool used to move the cursor and pointer around the screen

12. Computer Output Devices
Monitor:
screen that display information such as text, numbers, and pictures.
softcopy
Printer:
gives you information from the computer in printed form.
Hardcopy

13. Three Types of Printers
Dot Matrix
Gives a printed image in a pattern (matrix) of tiny ink dots.
Less expensive and not as clear
Inkjet Printer
Better quality of printed document
Machine uses an ink cartridge and a printing element to print a finer image on the paper.
Laser
Best quality of printed documents
Laser beam and an ink toner cartridge are used to produce the images.
More expensive
Quick

14. Computer Output Devices
VGA Port
Allows you to display your Computer or Laptop on an external monitor or projector.

15. Computer Output Devices
Speakers:
allow you to hear voice, music, and other sounds from your computer.
Modem:
allows you to use your computer to communicate with other computers.

16. Types of Storage Devices
Hard Disk Drive: used to store data inside of the computer.
this holds a large amount of information in a form the computer can understand.
Accessing data is faster
Amount of data that can be stored is much more than what can be stored on a floppy disk.
Size of Hard drive is measured in gigabytes(GB) mainly or megabytes(MB) in older computers

17. Types of Storage Devices
Portable Storage Device
Allows you to transport computer files from one location to another
Ex. Flash/Jump Drive, CD, DVD, Floppy Disk, External Hard Drive

18. Software Software Two types:
The Programs that give the computer instructions that allow you to accomplish certain tasks (this is what we use computers for!)
such as:
write letters
analyze numbers
sort files
draw pictures
play games, etc…
Two types:
Application
System software programs

19. Operating System Operating System Software
The software that allows your computer to start up, accept input, deliver output, connect to other computers, and generally execute the task on a computer.
Ex. Vista, Windows XP, Mac Leopard

20. Software Application Application Software Program or Software
The individual programs that carry out specific tasks on your computer that exist on the computer’s hard drive, this is what we use computers for. Ex. Microsoft Word, Photoshop, Solitaire
Categories:
Business
Communications
Graphics and Multimedia
Education and Reference
Entertainment and Leisure
Integrated Programs

21. Business Software Database Word Processing Spreadsheet
Lets you set up an electronic filing systems
Enter text and numbers
Find, search, and printer info in different ways
Use Ex: Address book, Card Catalog
Word Processing
program that allows you to create, edit, and print text documents
Use Ex: Report, flyer, memo
Spreadsheet
Numbered Rows and Lettered Columns
Intersection of rows and columns = cells
Use Ex: Grade book, financial info

22. Software Communications Graphics Software Clip art Desktop Publishing
Works with your modems or network hardware and allows your computer to communicate with other computers.
Exchange computer files and
Graphics Software
Uses pictures or images to help communicate messages.
Clip art
graphical images to be added to documents
Desktop Publishing
uses both pictures and words to give you the ability to create documents
Ex:Newsletters and brochures

23. Presentations Digital Presentation Software Presentation
software that allows you to combine and present text, graphics, photos, videos, and other multimedia features.
Ex. PowerPoint (like this one!!!), Windows Movie Maker
Multimedia: combines text, graphics, animation, video, and audio.

24. Software Entertainment & Leisure Education & Reference Fun
Games and simulations
Tests your skills
interactive
Education & Reference
Available on many topics
Help
Easier
Quicker
Examples: AR, Encyclopedia, etc.

25. More types of Software Freeware Shareware Probeware
Software written and then donated to the public, so anyone is free to copy it and share it.
Shareware
Software that can be tried before you purchase it.
Probeware
Computer assisted data collection tools

26. Email E-mail (electronic mail) E-mail Attachments
communicating electronically on the computer user can compose a message at one terminal that can be regenerated at the recipient's terminal
Attachments
Files attached to an message

27. Proper Computer Care
Keep food and drinks away from the computer and keyboard.
Avoid dusty locations.
Use a surge protector.
Keep magnets Away.
Do not block vents on the CPU.
Avoid bright sunny locations.
Do not move the computer while it is in use.
Always exit programs properly.
Use a virus check program on a regular basis.

28. Computer Damage Virus Anti-Virus
A computer program designed to damage computer files
Anti-Virus
A application designed to search for viruses and repair files on a computer

29. Proper Storage Device Care
Do not remove from drives while drive in running or light is on.
Avoid contact with magnets and electromagnetic fields.
Keep storage device stored in a clean, cool and dry place with a protective cover.
Always properly eject before taking it out of the USB drive
Use a virus check program on a regular basis.
Avoid hot and cold locations.
Make a back-up copy of your programs and files.

30. Proper CD ROM Care
Keep CDs stored in a clean, cool and dry place with a protective cover.
Avoid touching the back side of the CD; to avoid scratches.
Avoid hot and cold locations.
Make a back-up copy of your programs and files.
Insert into CD ROM Drive properly; label facing up.
Only write on CD’s with a CD Marking Pen on a label or the correct side of the CD.

31. Proper Care of Printers
Avoid cold, hot, and dusty locations.
Always use the correct ink or toner replacement.
Always have the proper printer cable connected to your computer.
Never pull paper out of a printer in motion.
Do not turn off the printer while printing.
Read the instruction manual before operating a printer.
Always use the proper type of paper in your printer.