1. Charles's Law
By: Shelby
Canfield

2. Biography *His full name is Jacques-Alexandre-Cesar Charles
*He was born in Beaugency, Loiret, France on November 12, 1746
*Died in 1823
*Received a liberal education; with no scientific focus
*Moved to Paris is 1799 to work in the bureau of finances; This is when he became interested in nonmathematical, experimental physics
*In 1781 he began giving public experimental demonstrations; people who had already received considerable no to riety attended these performances
*In result from his performances in 1795 he was appointed a resident member of the Academie de Sciences (France Academy of Sciences)
*Other positions he held were being a professor of experimental physics/librarian at the Conservatoire de Arts et Métiers
*1816 he became president of the Class of Experimental Physics at the academy
*Julie- Francoise Bouchard des Herettes became his wife in 1804 and died in 1817 from a long illness

3. Discovery
V1 = V2
T1 T2
*The discovery of the hydrogen balloon was actually brought about by another experiment of another scientist.
*Joseph Montgolfier and his brother Etienne, experimented with hot air and a paper bag. On June 4, 1783 they successfully launched a manned balloon made of linen covered with paper. The fuel for the balloon was an open fire which was fed by the pilot of the balloon.
*The French Academy of Science quickly received news of this event and put Charles in charge of investigating it.
*At the time British scientist Henry Cavendish just discovered a gas 14 times lighter than air, and it was being called “flammable air.” With time they would call this air Hydrogen.
*Charles worked with oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen to discover this law.
*He was studying the compressibility of gas (a century before Boyle).
*In his experiments he discovered that at a fixed pressure, the volume of a gas is proportional to the temperature of the gas.
Example: Assume that 10 cm3 of a gas has a temperature of 200 degrees absolute. If the temperature is increased to 300 degrees absolute what is the new volume?
Answer: 15 cm3

4. PVT Relationship V1 = V2 T1 T2
In the example you can see that a constant pressure is kept in this experiment. As the temperature (absolute temperature) is increased, the volume will increase as well.
V1 = V2
T T2
The discovery of this law helped him make the first gas powered balloon to go up in the air with a human inside. Charles’s design is still used today with balloons: made out of silk, had a solution of rubber dissolved in turpentine to prevent gas from escaping, at the top of a balloon was a tube where expanded gas could escape so the balloon would not blow up.
Charles's Law Calculator
Practice Problems

5. Inventions *Hydrometer *Reflecting Goniometer
*Improved the Gravesand heliostat and Fahrenheit’s aerometer
*Best known for Charles’s Law and inventing the hydrogen balloon
*On August 27, 1783 the balloon ascended to a height of nearly 3,000 feet
*That particular balloon landed outside of Paris, but was “attacked” and destroyed by pheasants who were frightened of it.
*On December 1, 1783 he and Aine Roberts achieved a height of 1,800 feet in the newly built La Charliere.
*In return for his achievements Charles’s was elected to the French Academie des Sciences in 1785.

6. Video Demonstrations

7. THE
END

8. Biography