1. Disasters revision Lo: to be able to explain the cause, effects and responses to the tsunami and hurricane Katrina

2. Tsunami: Examples of questions: 1.What is the cause of a tsunami (3) 2.Why was the 2004 tsunami in South East Asia so devastating? (6) 3.What could be done to help after a disater like the tsunami? (4)

3. Two tectonic plates, the Australian and Eurasian plates, meet just off Sumatra's south-west coast, grinding together and sending periodic seismic tremors through the region. At 0059 GMT a violent rupture occurred on the sea floor along a fault about 1,000km long. Causes

4. Deadly wave All along the rupture the seafloor was shunted vertically by about 10 metres. This movement displaced the overlying water, generating a massive tsunami, or tidal wave. The wave then fanned out across the Indian Ocean at enormous speed.

5. The power of tsunamis only becomes clear as they approach shallow water along the coast

6. But from the beaches few people recognised the danger of the white line on the horizon

7. Their full force is unleashed as they break on to land

8. Why was the disaster so devastating?

9. Area affected The 9.0 magnitude quake, which was the strongest in the world for at least 40 years, wreaked havoc across the whole region. Walls of water, tens of metres high, slammed into coastal resorts thousands of miles apart. Surging seas and floods were reported as far away as east Africa.

10. The USGS (United States Geological Survey) record of the earthquake

11. Why was the disaster so devastating? T:\Geography\a. KS3\year 8\1. disasters\3. what happened during tsunami\Adtastic2001- Tsunami297.wmv Watch this video and list some of the reasons why the disaster was so devasting.

12. “Scale of devastation Thousands are reported to have been killed, but there has been little news from the worst-hit areas where all transport and communication links were destroyed. “ bbc.co.uk 27.12.04 The Aftermath Early reports gave no hint of the scale of the disaster…….

13. Low lying coastal areas were left obliterated and flooded as here in Aceh province in Sumatra, Indonesia

14. Whole villages were flattened as here in Sri Lanka

15. Fishing boats, which provide essential food supplies for local people here in India, have been washed ashore

16. Low lying areas have been left flooded with seawater which quickly becomes contaminated with sewage and decomposing bodies Male in the Maldives Banda Aceh in Sumatra, Indonesia

17. Millions of people have been left homeless Cuddalore, south of Madras, India Penang, Malaysia

18. “Paradise Lost” Idyllic beach resorts like Galle in Sri Lanka, photographed here in March 2004, have been turned into scenes of horror, devastation and death,

19. All that remains of luxury holiday accommodation on Phi Phi Island, Thailand

20. Communications have been completely disrupted Bus station in Galle, Sri Lanka 800 people died in a train derailed by the waves in Sri Lanka – it is the worst train disaster ever recorded.

21. The human toll is huge – 230,000

22. Increasing numbers of homeless people need shelter, food and water

23. Clean drinking water is required to avoid the spread of disease

24. Relief efforts, which have been slow to start, gather pace as the enormity of the disaster begins to be appreciated French relief workers from the Medecins Sans Frontieres organisation German relief workers prepare to depart for Sri Lanka

25. In some areas relief supplies are piling up Disruption of communications means that emergency supplies cannot be distributed efficiently

26. Tsunami: Examples of questions: 1.What is the cause of a tsunami (3) 2.Why was the 2004 tsunami in South East Asia so devastating? (6) 3.What could be done to help after a disater like the tsunami? (4)

27. Hurricane Katrina Examples of questions: 1.Where do we find tropical storms? (3) 2.What is the cause of a tropical storm (3) 3.How could hurricane Katrina have been managed more effectively? (5) 4.How can the impacts of a hurricane be reduced? (4)

28. Where do we find tropical storms? (3)

30. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kjd9Fa1H9d g&NR=1

31. The Hazards Strong winds Heavy rain Storm surges

32. What were the effects of hurricane Katrina? Task: from the following pictures note down the effects of the hurricane

33. Hundreds of thousands of people leave the city of New Orleans in the southern US, in preparation for Hurricane Katrina

34. Those people who stayed behind gathered at the New Orleans Super Dome.

35. High winds brought down trees as far inland as the city of Baton Rouge

36. The storm was so strong it brought down brick structures, crushing these cars

37. Lots of the area is below sea level, so it's in danger of flooding. Lots of the area is below sea level, so it's in danger of flooding. Flooding was wide spread across New Orleans.

38. This man waits on his top floor for rescue in New Orleans

39. Storm surges caused wide spread damage along the coast. In some places waves were up to eight metres high.

40. Storm surges damaged boats and boat yards

41. Roads have collapsed which has hampered the rescue operation

42. There are public heath concerns that disease will spread due to sewage polluted water.

43. Death toll 1836

44. As the story unfolds on TV screens across the globe, the American government seems slow to respond to the scale of the disaster

45. The police struggle to contain a rising tide of lawlessness

46. A slow evacuation begins

47. Some emergency relief begins to arrive in the city

48. But with no means of evacuation, conditions continue to deteriorate for most of those still trapped in the city

49. 23,000 people take refuge in the New Orleans Superbowl without running water and adequate sanitation. Reports likened conditions to ‘a Third World refugee camp’

50. Convoys of buses evacuate people from the Convention centre in New Orleans

51. Six days after the storm, the city is almost empty

52. “The first few days were a natural disaster, the last four days were a man-made disaster” Phillip Holt, 51 New Orleans evacuee Photograph credits – ‘Der Spiegel’

53. Hurricane Katrina Examples of questions: 1.Where do we find tropical storms? (3) 2.What is the cause of a tropical storm (3) 3.How could hurricane Katrina have been managed more effectively? (5) 4.How can the impacts of a hurricane be reduced? (4)