1. Types of Microscopes

2. Light Microscope
the models found in most schools, use compound lenses and light to magnify objects. The lenses bend or refract the light, which makes the object beneath them appear closer.

3. Stereoscope
This microscope allows for binocular (two eyes) viewing of larger specimens.
(The microscope at the top of this page is a stereoscope)

4. Scanning Electron Microscope
Allow scientists to view a universe too small to be seen with a light microscope. SEM’s don’t use light waves; they use electrons (negatively charged electrical particles) to magnify objects up to two million times.

5. SEM IMAGES
CAN YOU FIGURE OUT WHAT YOU ARE LOOKING AT?

6. NEEDLE OF A MOSQUITO

7. MOSQUITO

8. Needle & Thread

9. Pine Tree Pollen

10. Hornet Leg

11. Dental Plaque

12. Popcorn

13. Human Hair

14. Ant

15. Pollen Grains

16. Velcro

17. Fruit fly Eye

18. Butterfly Tongue

19. Avian Flu Virus

20. Transmission Electron Microscope
Also uses electrons, but instead of scanning the surface (as with SEM's) electrons are passed through very thin specimens.

22. Introduction to the Microscope
Care
Parts
Focusing
Students will have their microscopes out, for reference as we go through each of the steps. As an introduction, students will be asked what kinds of things they can do with this tool.

23. Microscope Care Always carry with 2 hands (By the arm and base)
Do not force knobs
Always return the microscope to low power
Only use lens paper for cleaning the lens
Always wrap up the cord
Always store covered (if a cover is available)
Keep objects clear of desk and cords
Teacher demonstrates how to hold the microscope, where the lens paper is located and how to use it. Students will be invited to turn the knobs and observe the stage as it moves up and down. Teacher will demonstrate how to store the microscope.

24. Microscope Parts Ocular lens or Body Tube Revolving Nosepiece Arm
Eyepiece
(10x)
Body Tube
Revolving Nosepiece
Arm
Objective Lens
4x,10x,40x
Stage
Stage Clips
Coarse Adjustment
This is the exact version of the microscope used in class. Students will be identifying the parts on the microscopes at their desks as we go along and what their functions are.
Diaphragm
Fine Adjustment
Light
Base

25. Fill in the table on your worksheet.
What’s my power?
To calculate the power of magnification, multiply the power of the ocular lens (eyepiece) by the power of the objective lens being used.
What are the powers of magnification for each of the objectives we have on our microscopes?
Fill in the table on your worksheet.

26. Comparing Powers of Magnification
We can see better details with higher the powers of magnification, but we cannot see as much of the image.
Which of these images would be viewed at a higher power of magnification?

27. Using the Microscope
Rotate the Nosepiece to the lowest (shortest) power
Place the Slide on the Microscope
Look into the Eyepiece
Use the Coarse Adjustment knob to focus the slide
Give students a slide from the “common things” set, each student will practice focusing and changing objectives.

28. Using High Power Follow steps to focus using low power
Click the nosepiece to the highest objective
Do NOT use the Coarse Adjustment Knob when using high power
Use the Fine Adjustment Knob to bring the slide into focus
Have students exchange slides so they can look at different things, walk them through using the high power objective to focus slides. Emphasize not using the coarse objective during this process, as it will crack the slides.
What can you find on your slide?

29. Let’s give it a try ...
1 – Turn on the microscope and then rotate the nosepiece to click the red-banded objective into place.
2 – Place a slide on the stage and secure it using the stage clips. Use the coarse adjustment knob (large knob) to get it the image into view and then use the fine adjustment knob (small knob) to make it clearer.
3 – Once you have the image in view, rotate the nosepiece to view it under different powers. Draw what you see on your worksheet!
Be careful with the largest objective! Sometimes there is not enough room and you will not be able to use it!
4 – When you are done, turn off the microscope and put up the slides you used.

30. You do not need to use the stage clips when viewing wet-mount slides!
How to make a wet-mount slide …
1 – Get a clean slide and coverslip from your teacher.
2 – Place ONE drop of water in the middle of the slide. Don’t use too much or the water will run off the edge and make a mess!
3 – Place the edge of the cover slip on one side of the water drop.
4 - Slowly lower the cover slip on top of the drop.
Cover Slip
Lower slowly
You do not need to use the stage clips when viewing wet-mount slides!
5 – Place the slide on the stage and view it first with the low power objective. Once you see the image, you can rotate the nosepiece to view the slide with the different objectives.