1. Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden
2017/4/21
PHITS - Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System
Lembit Sihver
Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden
University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
Texas A&M University, TX, USA
Roanoke College, VA, USA
Practical Physics Solutions, LLC, TX, USA
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
Nuclear Power/Accelerators
Heavy Ion Therapy
Space Dosimetry
Treatment Planning
System
Dose in the atmosphere,
ISS and deep space
Design of Shielding

2. Main Research Areas Fuel and Control Rod Integrity Management for LWR
Nuclear Science and Engineering Research Group
Main Research Areas
Fuel and Control Rod Integrity Management for LWR
Reactions & transport of ionizing particles
Radiation therapy
Shielding calculations
Dosimetry in space
Dose estimations at aviation altitudes
Development of particle & heavy ion transport codes
2017/4/21

3. Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System PHITS
Development
Dr. Niita of RIST (Japan)
JAEA (Japan), KEK (Japan), Chalmers Univ. Tech. (Sweden)
Capability
Transport and collision of “all” particles with wide energy range
in 3D phase space with
magnetic field & gravity
neutron, proton, meson, baryon electron photon, nucleus
from thermal up to
~ 200 GeV/u
Application Fields
PHITS represents Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System.
Its development is led by Dr. Niita of RIST, Japan, under collaboration with JAEA, our institute, KEK and Chalmers university of technology.
PHITS can treat the transport in 3D phase space with magnetic field & gravity and collision of all particles, neutron proton, meson, baryon, electron, photon and nucleus, with wide energy range, up to 200 GeV. And, its application fields are accelerator design, radiation therapy as well as space application.
Accelerator Design
Radiation Therapy
Space Application
Chalmers

4. The best with PHITS is Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System
JAEA & RIST
(same site)
Chalmers
University of
Technology
KEK
Very Nice and Friendly Developers!!
Capability
Transport and collision of “all” particles with wide energy range
in 3D phase space with
magnetic field & gravity
neutron, proton, meson, baryon
electron, photon, nucleus
from thermal up to
~ 200 GeV/u
Koji Norihiro Yosuke Hiroshi Tatsuhiko Hiroshi Yukio Lembit
Niita Matsuda Iwamoto Iwase Sato Nakashima Sakamoto Sihver

5. User Interfaces of PHITS
Input file
Free format with user defined variables and formula
You do not have to change the source files of PHITS !
Geometry
GG or CG
2D and 3D viewers
(ANGEL)
SimpleGEO*
Tally functions
2D viewer
3D viewer
SimpleGEO
Track length, Heat, Yield, DPA, Production, LET distribution etc.
Output Data
To execute the PHITS, you must make an input file of PHITS for specifying the calculation conditions such as geometry, tally functions and output data format. You can write the input file in free format with user defined variables and formula, and you do not have to change the source files of PHITS. The geometry in PHITS must be described by GG or CG format, and you can easily check the geometry using 2 dimensional and 3 dimensional viewers implemented in PHITS, named ANGEL. You can also use SimpleGEO to construct PHITS geometry, which is a GUI-based software original developed for making FLUKA geometry. Many tally functions such as track length, heat, yield, DPA, production and LET have been included in PHITS, and output data are text data, graphs and contour maps.
The platforms on which you can execute PHITS are for executing PHITS are Windows and Linux
Text data, histograms, contour maps
Platforms
Windows (JAVA application) and Linux (Console)
* GUI-based software originally for FLUKA,

6. Map of Models Used in PHITS
Neutron
Other hadrons
（proton, p etc.）
Nucleus
Muon
Electron
Positron
Photon
200 GeV
Ionization
　　　　SPAR or ATIMA
100 GeV/n
100 GeV
FUTURE PLAN
EGS5 and
high-energy
photo-nuclear reaction model
Intra-Nuclear
Cascade model: JAM
(or Bertini, JQMD) +
Evaporation & Fission: GEM
Quantum Molecular Dynamics:
JQMD +
Evaporation
GEM
Photo-atomic data library
1 GeV
Electro-atomic data library
(option)
Low　←　Energy　→　High
20 MeV
20 MeV
Nuclear data library
JENDL-4.0
10 MeV/n
Photo-nuclear
1 MeV
1 keV
1 keV
1 keV
Microdosimetric function
10-4 eV
Event generator mode:
determine all the ejectiles emitted from neutron interactions event by event

7. Shielding of all Beam Lines at J-PARC
Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex
Nuclear and Particle Physics
Experimental Facility
Materials and Life Science
Experimental Facility
Nuclear Transmutation
Neutrino to Kamiokande
50 GeV Synchrotron
(0.75 MW)
PHITS was originally developed for shielding design of J-PARC, Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex, constructed under joint project of JAEA and KEK. It consists of linac, 3 GeV synchrotron, 50 GeV synchrotron together with various experimental facilities such as material and life science facility using 3 GeV spallation neutron source, and nuclear and particle physics facility using 50 GeV protons.
Linac(350m)
3 GeV Synchrotron
(25 Hz, 1MW)
Constructed under joint project of JAEA and KEK in Tokai-mura

8. Shielding Design around Neutron Beam Line
1MW Spallation Target Station
Heat distribution calculated by PHITS
32 neutron beam lines in material and life science facility
This slide shows an example of shielding design around neutron beam line. In material and life science facility, 23 neutron beam lines were constructed from the 1MW spallation target station that I showed in the previous slide, and shielding design around these neutron beam lines were done by using PHITS. This is an example of heat distribution calculated by PHITS.
For this calculation, we made a source generation program specialized for shielding design of such long beam lines, named “duct source option”, and using the option, the weight of each source particle is automatically adjusted to obtain good statistics within reasonable computational time in whole area, including the downstream of the beam line.
Duct source option
Source generation program specialized for shielding design of long beam lines
“Weight” of each source particle is automatically adjusted
obtain good statistics within reasonable computational time in whole area

9. Shielding Design around Spallation Target
Proton window
Neutron window
Moderators
Hg target
Fe reflector
Be reflector
t = 0 nsec
t = 4 nsec
t = 2 nsec
t = nsec
t = 100 nsec
t = 10 nsec
　　　Energy Deposition　　
Proton
Moderators
Hg target
This slide shows an example of shielding design around spallation neutron target in J-PARC, using the PHITS code.
This picture shows the geometry around the mercury target depicted by PHITS
For the accelerator shielding design, estimation of the heat around the target is very important, and this animation shows how the heat is distributing around the target as a function of time, and PHITS can calculate the distribution well.
Estimation of Heat around target
Geometry around Hg target
M. Harada et al. J. Nucl. Material 343, 197 (2005)

10. What can Sihver contribute with for the ESS project WP#3 and 11
2017/4/21
What can Sihver contribute with for the ESS project WP#3 and 11
Nearly 30 years of experiences with nuclear chemistry, nuclear physics,
material science and various applications of these sciences.
Long experience of gamma spectroscopy, heavy ion experiments, gamma
spectroscopic analysis of accelerator based fragmentation experiments,
and development of gamma spectroscopic measurements systems.
PhD thesis at the department of neutron research, Uppsala University.
20 years of experiences of development, improvements and benchmarking
of deterministic and Monte Carlo particle and heavy ion transport codes.
A extremely wide network and collaborations with Japanese scientists at
JAEA, NIRS, University of Tokyo, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Waseda
University., JAXA, RIKEN, etc.
A passionate interest for the construction of ESS and all possible experiments
which can be performed at ESS.