2. THE 1950s: “Anxiety, Alienation, and Social Unrest” ?? “Conservatism, Complacency, and Contentment” OROR

3. Chapter 16 Notes 1945-1950’s GI Bill This helped former soldiers (veterans) from WWII to(1) get money go to college find a job or any EDU It also helped them buy homes and start businesses. The real name for this bill is called the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act The Taft-Harley Act was still in full effect in saying that (2)no business could have a closed shop for fear of communist unions Many people started featherbedding or (3)hiring more workers than needed to help the GI’s get a job

4. Truman’s Fair Deal President Truman won re-election in 1948. He began to push his (5)“Fair Deal” thru Congress. Began the rule of Dixiecrats or (4)Southren Democrats This called for the following: 1. Minimum wage to 75 cents per hour. 2. Add 10 million people to Social Security. 3. Provide housing to the poor.

5. Baby Boom From 1945 until 1960 (11)65 million babies were born. This was because of all the troops coming home from WWII. At one point, a new baby was being born in America every 7 seconds. It was the “American Culture” of the time to get married and have children. This new lifestyle was pushed in magazines and television shows of the 1950’s. It was very popular for women to stay home and let the husbands work.

6. 1 A. Baby Boom It seems to me that every other young housewife I see is pregnant. -- British visitor to America, 1958 1957  1 baby born every 7 seconds

7. 1 B. Baby Boom Dr. Benjamin Spock and the Anderson Quintuplets

8. 2 A. Suburban Living $7,990 or $60/month with no down payment. Levittown, L. I.: “The American Dream” 1949  William Levitt produced 150 houses per week.

9. 2 A. Suburban Living: The New “American Dream” k 1 story high k 12’x19’ living room k 2 bedrooms k tiled bathroom k garage k small backyard k front lawn By 1960  1/3 of the U. S. population in the suburbs.

10. 2 B. Suburban Living SHIFTS IN POPULATION DISTRIBUTION, 1940-1970 1940 1950 1960 1970 1940 1950 1960 1970 Central Cities 31.6% 32.3% 32.6% 32.0% Suburbs 19.5% 23.8% 30.7% 41.6% Rural Areas/ 48.9% 43.9% 36.7% 26.4% Small Towns U. S. Bureau of the Census.

11. 2c. Suburban Living: The Typical TV Suburban Families The Donna Reed Show 1958-1966 Leave It to Beaver 1957-1963 Father Knows Best 1954-1958 The Ozzie & Harriet Show 1952-1966

12. 3a. Consumerism 1950  People spend money on (9)consumer goods- what makes home life easier? All babies were potential consumers who spearheaded a brand-new market for food, clothing, and shelter. -- Life Magazine (May, 1958)

13. 3 B. Consumerism (10)Advertising becomes the fastest growing industry in the USA

14. Dwight Eisenhower He was a former military general and elected President in 1952. He viewed business growth as vital to the nation. He cut government jobs and supported tax reductions. In 1956 the Federal Highway Act was passed which (6)created the Eisenhower Interstate Highway System.

15. 5 A. The Culture of the Car Car registrations: 1945  25,000,000 1960  60,000,000 2-family cars doubles from 1951-1958 1956  Interstate Highway Act  largest public works project in American history! Å Cost $32 billion. Å 41,000 miles of new highways built. 1959 Chevy Corvette 1958 Pink Cadillac

16. 5 B. The Culture of the Car First McDonald’s (1955) Interstate brought about: (7) Rise of the Suburbs Commercial Trucking and Travel Road Culture Drive-In Movies Howard Johnson’s

17. 5 C. The Culture of the Car The U. S. population was on the move in the 1950s. (8)NE & Mid-W  S & SW (“Sunbelt” states) 1955  Disneyland opened in Southern California. (40% of the guests came from outside California, most by car.) Frontier Land Main Street Tomorrow Land

18. Medical Tech.New Treatment of illness was born with (12)Radiation and Chemotherapy In 1952, 58,000 new polio cases were reported (13)Jonas Salk invented a cure for this disease and by 1960, Polio was almost gone. The miraculous “sugar cube” is what helped give the vaccine to children.

19. 6 A. Television 1946  7,000 TV sets in the U. S. 1950  50,000,000 TV sets in the U. S. Mass Audience  TV celebrated traditional American values. Television is a vast wasteland.  Newton Minnow, Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, 1961 Truth, Justice, and the American way!

20. 6B. Television – The Western Davy Crockett King of the Wild Frontier The Lone Ranger (and his faithful sidekick, Tonto): Who is that masked man?? Sheriff Matt Dillon, Gunsmoke

21. 6C. Television - Family Shows I Love Lucy The Honeymooners Glossy view of mostly middle-class suburban life. But... Social Winners?... AND… Loosers?

22. Rock ‘n’ Roll This got it’s start in the 1950’s with teenagers in (14)Cleveland,Ohio. Many parents did not like this music and called in “sinful”. (15)Elvis Presley helped push rock n roll to new levels in the 1950’s. He quickly gained the title of King of Rock ‘n’ Roll. Elvis got his start in Memphis at Sun Records. His producer was Sam Phillips.

23. 7 A. Teen Culture In the 1950s  the word “teenager” entered the American language. By 1956  13 mil. teens with $7 bil. to spend a year. 1951  “race music”  “ROCK ‘N ROLL” New culture brought about generation gap or (16)splitbetween New culture brought about generation gap or (16)splitbetween child &parents Elvis Presley  “The King”

24. Appalachia This is a term used to describe the mountain area from (19) Alabama to New York. Appalachia passes thru Eastern Tennessee. US was trying to have a urban renewal or program to (17)eliminate all poor Many people were out of work when the coal mines shut down. Many people dropped out of school to work in the mines. Thus, not having a good education to fall back on. Appalachia is still one of the poorest areas of our country.

25. Entertainment TV ShowsMoviesSingers Hopalong CassidyBen Hur Elvis Presley The Lone RangerJail House Rock Jerry Lewis Howdy DoodyTen CommandmentsJohnny Cash Ed Sullivan ShowDiary of Anne FrankBuddy Holly Flash Gordon

26. 7 B. Teen Culture “Juvenile Delinquency” (20)Young criminal behavior Marlon Brando in The Wild One (1953) James Dean in Rebel Without a Cause (1955)

27. 7 D. Teen Culture Behavioral Rules of the 1950s: U Obey Authority. U Control Your Emotions. U Don’t Make Waves  Fit in with the Group. U Don’t Even Think About Sex!!! U All started with (21)TV, movies, comics, and parents

28. 8 A. Religious Revival Today in the U. S., the Christian faith is back in the center of things. -- Time magazine, 1954 Today in the U. S., the Christian faith is back in the center of things. -- Time magazine, 1954 Church membership: 1940  64,000,000 1960  114,000,000 Television Preachers: 1. Catholic Bishop Fulton J. Sheen  “Life is Worth Living” 2. Methodist Minister Norman Vincent Peale  The Power of Positive Thinking 3. Reverend Billy Graham  ecumenical message; warned against the evils of Communism.

29. 8B. Religious Revival Hollywood: apex of the biblical epics. It’s un-American to be un-religious! -- The Christian Century, 1954 The Robe The Ten Commandments Ben Hur 1953 1956 1959 The Robe The Ten Commandments Ben Hur 1953 1956 1959

30. Ch 16 SEC 1-3 tech time – be sure to put your name on your e-mail 1- money for college, jobs & EDU18- African American 2- Outlaw closed shops19- NY to AL 3- hiring more workers than needed20- criminal behavior of young 4- Southern Democrats21- tvs, movies, comics, racism, parents 5- Fair Deal 6- Built 40,000 miles of Interstates 7- Rise of the Suburbs, Commercial trucking, road culture 8- Sunbelt States 9- New consumer goods 10- Advertising 11-65 million 12- Radiation & Chemotherapy 13- Jonas Silk 14- Cleveland, Ohio 15- Elvis Presley 16- culture separation between child & parent 17- program trying to eliminate poor

31. The postwar era witnessed tremendous economic growth and rising social contentment and conformity. The postwar era witnessed tremendous economic growth and rising social contentment and conformity. SO IMAGINE YOU’RE A TEENAGER IN THE 50s- MAKE A PLAYLIST OF AT LEAST 10 SONGS YOU’D LIKE TO HEAR SO IMAGINE YOU’RE A TEENAGER IN THE 50s- MAKE A PLAYLIST OF AT LEAST 10 SONGS YOU’D LIKE TO HEAR1______________2______________3______________4______________5______________6______________7______________8______________9______________10______________ Class Topic: Work together and research to find 10 popular songs that you would like to here. Use your phones for help here if needed