1. Unit 4 Chapter 8 section 1 Royal power grows Goals:
Understand how Kings centralized their authority in the high middle ages
Understand how England developed as a Limited Monarchy and France as an Absolute Monarchy.

2. Geography

3. The Birth of England History of the Island of Great Britain
Following the fall of Rome in the 5th Century Germanic invaders (Angles, Saxons and Jutes) took the island
Locals (Picts, Celts, )
Alfred the Great (Wessex )
First man to Unite the 7 kingdoms (against the Danish Vikings)
Won support as King of all England
Began tradition of “consulting” his Barons
Limited monarchy introduced
The Birth of England

4. The problems of succession
King Edward the Confessor died with no heir in 1066
English Barons elect Harold II Edward’s brother in law
Edward’s cousin William Duke of Normandy claims Edward promised him the throne
William finally invades and defeated Harold II at the Battle of Hastings in October of 1066
The problems of succession

5. William I (1066-1087) Subdued Saxon revolts Built castles
Gave his Norman Barons 5/6 of the land
Loyalty oaths
The Domesday Book
Efficient taxation

6. The Plantagenet or Angevin Dynasty
The Norman Kings of England come to an end after the reign of Henry I
The Next dynasty: The Plantagenets
His daughter Matilda married Duke Geoffrey of Anjou (France)
Their son Henry II became the first Plantagenet King of England
The Plantagenet or Angevin Dynasty

8. Henry II Married Eleanor of Aquitaine
Sons
Richard I (“Lion heart”)
John I (“soft sword” or “Lackland”)
Ruled over England and most of France
Developed a unified legal system
Common Law
Jury system
Henry II

9. English possessions in France

10. Richard I (1189-1199) “Couer De Lion” Spoke little English
Only 7 months in England
Emptied the treasury with many wars, ransom
Died in France

11. Angevin Lands

12. John I (1199-1216) “Lackland” lost Normandy and Anjou
Heavy debt (lots of new taxes), confiscated Church property, abusive and corrupt
Feuded with Innocent III over appointment of Bishop(Entire island placed under Interdict)
1215 at Runnymede forced to sign Magna Carta (foundation of Limited monarchy)
Preserved rights of the Nobles against the monarchy (ex: Taxation only with approval of Great Council, rights of the accused)
1200’s Parliament develops in a modern sense (two houses) gains the power of the purse and limits the King’s power
John I ( )

13. Rule of law
Powers and privileges of the king are clearly defined and limited
Charter provides for enforcement of restrictions placed on the king
Fairness of the laws and their execution
"Reasonable" rules and regulations
Equal justice under the law
Recognition of customs, traditions, and established rights
Restoration of property and fines if not justly taken
Punishment in proportion to the crime
Commitment to "due process of law"
Established procedures
No trial without evidence/testimony to support accusations
Reliance on local courts and magistrates
Trials held in a timely manner
Trials open to the public
Trial by a jury of one's peers
Respect for economic rights
Right to property
Fairness in economic transactions—standard weights and measures
Reimbursement for and/or restoration of property
Freedom for merchants to move in order to conduct business

14. The Capetian dynasty (replaced the Carolingians) Hugh Capet 1st Capetian King in 987
They controlled very little land
Most of the country dominated by powerful feudal princes
Slowly established a solid power base and eventually imposed their will on French Nobles
France

15. Phillip II Augustus Phillip II Augustus King at 25
Goal weaken power of English Kings in France
Took Normandy back from John in 1204
New administration for France
Used middle class “bailiffs” instead of nobles to collect taxes and administer the kings law
Absolute Monarchy is the result
Estates General eventually created but is too weak to cut into kings power (no power of the purse)
Why?
Phillip II Augustus