2. SUBJECT: ACE BIOLOGY TWENTY QUESTIONS

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4. 1. WHAT IS A PHEROMONE? A Chemical Hormone produced by an animal that affects the behavior of another animal

5. 2. WHAT DO MALES DO TO IMPRESS FEMALES IN THE ANIMAL KINGDOM? Courtship rituals- displays, dances Being vigorous and aggressive Being more colorful Being faster

6. 3. WHAT IS OPERANT CONDITIONING? Giving a reward for a desired behavior

7. 4. WHAT IS RECIPROCAL ALTRUISM? Making a short term sacrifice so that your relative can reproduce

8. 5. WHAT IS PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM? Periods of rapid change (evolution) followed by periods of little change

9. 6. WHICH MOLECULE DO SCIENTISTS BELIEVE OCCURRED FIRST, RNA OR PROTEINS? RNA (it can act as both an enzyme and template)

10. 7. WHAT ARE SOME METHODS OF REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION? Geographical Physical (parts don’t fit) Timing (reproduction occurs at different times) Can’t recognize others without specific ritual

11. 8. WHAT ARE THE THREE TYPES OF SELECTION? Stabilizing (favors middle) Directional (favors one end) Disruptive (favors the ends)

12. 9. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HOMOLOGOUS AND ANALOGOUS STRUCTURES? Homologous- similar bones but different functions (ie whale/bird) Analogous- different structures, but similar functions (ie butterfly/bird)

13. 10. IN ORDER FOR NATURAL SELECTION TO TAKE PLACE, WHAT CONDITIONS NEED TO BE IN PLACE? Overproduction Variation Competition Organisms differ in fitness

14. 11. WHAT ARE DENSITY-DEPENDENT FACTORS WHICH REGULATE POPULATION SIZE? Any biotic factor- such as food, mates, predators, decomposers Independent factors would be any abiotic factors- such as air, water, minerals

15. 12. A PRAYING MANTIS WOULD HAVE WHAT TYPE OF SURVIVORSHIP CURVE? Type III- many young, few live to adulthood

16. 13. WHAT IS OVIPAROUS? An organism that lays eggs (as opposed to viviparous- live birth)

17. 14. WHAT IMPORTANT MOLECULE WAS NOT FOUND IN THE EARLY ATMOSPHERE? oxygen

18. 15. WHAT ARE BIOLOGICAL HOT SPOTS? Places with lots of biodiversity, mostly around the equator

19. 16. HOW DOES A KEYSTONE AND A FLAGSHIP SPECIES DIFFER? Keystone- needed for the ecosystem to flourish (ie. An important insect) Flagship- provides a strong emotional response (ie. Gorillas, polar bears)

20. 17. HOW DOES THE FUNDAMENTAL AND THE REALIZED NICHE DIFFER? Fundamental- is what the niche would be under perfect conditions Realized- is what the niche is in real life

21. 18. IF THREE SPECIES OF BIRD ALL SHARE THE SAME TREE AND LIVE ON THE SAME FOOD, HOW IS THIS POSSIBLE? Resource partitioning

22. 19. WHAT IS THE PREDATOR-PREY CYCLE? The number of predators and prey are dependent upon each other, one goes up, so will the other

23. 20. WHAT WOULD BE THE NICHE AND THE HABITAT OF A TREE FROG Niche- eat insects/ lay eggs Habitat- the tree