1. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor AMENDMENTS TO THE US CONSTITUION Can also be found in the appendix of your text.

2. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 1 st Amendment Religious and Political Freedom (1791) Freedom of Speech is a basic right in America- verbal or symbolic Religion Press Assembly Redress of Grievances ( right to complain and ask for change)

3. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 2 nd Amendment Right to Bear Arms (1791) “ A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed.” Many people now believe this Amendment means: Everyone has the right to own a weapon. An "Informal Change" or "Informal Amendment" to the Constitution is one where the interpretation of the Constitution is changed by a Supreme Court ruling, rather than by a formal constitutional amendment or change of wording.

4. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 3 rd Amendment No Quartering Troops in citizens homes (1791) During the American Revolution this was an issue

5. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 4th Amendment No unlawful Search and Seizure (1791) Probable cause – the police can search due to probable cause (belief there is a problem or law being broken)

6. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 5 th Amendment Rights of Accused Persons (1791) “ No Double Jeopardy” Can’t be tried for the same crime twice No forced confessions: may remain silent A Grand Jury will decide if the government has enough evidence to press charges

7. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 6 th Amendment Right to a Speedy, Public Trail (1791) Miranda Rights- Miranda Warning (1966) Gideon v. Wainright- added right to an attorney

8. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 7 th Amendment Trail by Jury in Civil Cases (1791) Rules of Common Law Individuals/ groups/ businesses suing each other or the government for damages. Not a Criminal Issue. Goldman v. Simpson ( $) A family sued for damages for wrongful death. Jones v. Clinton ( $) A former Arkansas employee sued the former governor for money due to alleged sexual harassment.

9. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 8 th Amendment Limits of Fines and Punishment (1791) NO Excessive Bail No Excessive Punishments: –To date the death sentence is not cruel. –Each state decides the method for the state. –Current methods used throughout the USA Lethal Injection, Electric chair, Hanging, Gas Chamber, Firing Squad. The Federal Government will only use Lethal Injection for Federal Death Sentences

10. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 9 th Amendment Rights of People (1791) You have more rights than are written down The Right of Privacy ( Implied) The right to travel freely with out government papers (custom)

11. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 10 th Amendment Powers of State and People (1791) The Federal Government is limited in that some powers are reserved for the states and the people. This is a states rights amendment

12. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 11 th Amendment Lawsuits Against States (1795)

13. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 12 th Amendment Election of Executives (1804) President and Vice-President Elected as a Team

14. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 13 th Amendment Slavery Abolished (1865)

15. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 14 th Amendment Civil Rights (1868) If born in the United States, you are a citizen of the United States.

16. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 15 th Amendment Right to Vote (1870)

17. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 16 th Amendment Income Tax (1913)

18. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 17 th Amendment Direct Election of Senators (1913)

19. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 18 th Amendment Prohibition (1919) No Alcohol No Buying, Selling, or Manufacturing of Alcohol

20. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 19 th Amendment Woman Suffrage (1920) Right to Vote

21. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 20 th Amendment “Lame Duck” Sessions (1933) Lessons Time from the election to taking office

22. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 21 st Amendment Repeal of Prohibition (1933) Alcohol is O.k.

23. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 22 nd Amendment Limit on Presidential Terms (1951) Two term limit

24. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 23 rd Amendment Voting in District of Columbia (1961)

25. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 24 th Amendment Abolition of Poll Taxes (1964)

26. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 25 th Amendment Presidential Disability, Succession (1967)

27. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 26 th Amendment 18-Year-Old Vote (1971)

28. Adapted by Kelly M. Taylor 27 th Amendment Congressional Pay (1992)