1. America Moves Toward War
Chapter 24 Section 4

2. Objective/Do Now
Objective: identify specific instances in the shift away from isolationist policies. Do Now: Do isolationist policies (US staying out of affairs that does not directly affect us) benefit the country?

3. I the United States Musters it Forces
As Germans enter Poland, FDR issues official proclamation of neutrality
Required by the Neutrality acts passed by Congress
While doing this he prepares for a war he knew would eventually come

4. A. Moving Cautiously Away from Neutrality
FDR calls special session of Congress to revise Neutrality Acts
FDR asks for “cash & Carry” provision
Allow nations to buy Amer. Arms as long as they paid in cash and carried goods on their own ships
Argued it would help GB & France while keeping US out of war
Cash and carry was voted into effect

5. B. The Axis Threat Cash & Carry policy was too little too late
France and GB fell under siege
Japan, Italy, & Germany sign the Tripartite Pact
Pledge that if one nation came under attack the other would help3 countries become known as Axis powers
Aimed to keep US out of war because declaring war on 1 meant declaring war on all 3
US begins to ship thousands of battle ships & ammo to allied powers

6. C. Building Americas Defense
Years of isolationism left US militarily weakFDR asks for increase of national defense budget
Passes the nation’s 1st peacetime mil. Draft
Selective training and Service Act

7. D. Roosevelt's Re-election
FDR breaks 2 term tradition set by GW and runs for re-election
FDR and opponent bot agree to send aid to GB but stay out of war
Ppl stay with the familiar and what they knowFDR wins

8. II “The Great Arsenal of Democracy”
FDR, via fireside chat, states that the US must help defeat the Axis powers because if GB falls, US would be only democracy left living “at the point of a gun”
Says that the US must turn itself into the “great arsenal of democracy”

9. A. The Lend-Lease Plan
GB runs out of $$ to spend in arsenal of Dem. So FDR proposes the “lend-Lease” policy to replace the “cash & carry”
Pres. Would lend or lease arms and other supplies to any country whose defense was vital to the US
Hitler ignores his pact w/ Stalin and invades SU
Soviets retreat and institute a scorched earth policy (burn anything left behind)
FDR sends Lend-lease aid to the Soviets

10. B. German Wolf Packs
Hitler deploys U-boats (German subs) to prevents Lend-lease aid from helping GB and Soviets
Wolf Packs= groups of subs that patrolled shipping lanes to destroy cargo
German U-boats successfulsinl for GB boats then they could replace
FDR orders navy to protect lend-lease shipments to prevent loss/waste of US $$
US warships now have permission to attack German U-boats in defense

11. III Planning for War A. Atlantic Charter
FDR & Churchill secretly meet
Churchill hopes for mil. Commitment from US but FDR issues Atlantic charter
Atlantic Charter spells out causes for WWII
Becomes basis for “a Declaration by the United Nations”
Allies= those who joined together to fight against the Axis Powers
UN charter signed by 26 nations including SU and China

12. B. Shooting Begins U-Boats fire torpedoes at US destroyer
2 weeks later a merchant ship is sunk and US destroyer torpedoed
FDR states “history has recorded who fired the first shot”
As Amer. Death toll rose, Congress lifts ban on arming merchant ships

13. IV Japan Attacks the United States A. Japan’s Ambitions
Japanese expansionists begin to take over colonial empires but the US and its pacific island possessions stand in the way
Take over French Mil. Base in French Indochina (Vietnam/Cambodia)
US responds by cutting off trade w/ Japan and instituting an oil embargo
Japan could not fuel its war machine w/o oil
Japan sends “peace” envoy to convince Us to lift embargo while simultaneously planning for an attack against the US

14. US has broken Japans secret com
US has broken Japans secret com. Codes and new a strike was imminent but did not know where
Although we knew it was coming FDR insisted that Japan needed to strike first

15. B. The Attack on Pearl Harbor
Japan dive bombers fly low over PH, the US’ largest naval base in the Pacific
Stuns peace Fleet because it was thought the waters were too shallow for torpedo attacks & too far from Japans mainland
Attack on PH was victory for Japanese
Crippled the US pacific fleet in one blow (more damage than in all of WWII)
Japan afraid it has “awaken a sleeping giant”
Dec. 7th, 1941 “a date that will live in infamy”  war declaration by Congressend of isolationist policy