2. Your group letter is on your desk! 2-3 per group Take an index card with writing and a blank index card You have 10 minutes to 1. copy the card onto a new index card- including your group names. 2. Answer/define/give the main idea for your topic as briefly as possible 20 minutes- to include your main ideas on the PowerPoint slide Either type or write I will help with this part

3. Global Warming The increase in temperature due to trapped greenhouse gases in the atmosphere Causes: pollution, overuse of carbon- emitting appliances, deforestation and flatulence (not in the book!). Effects: Earth’s ice caps melt, natural habitats affected, animals whose habitats are affected are homeless.

4. Water Resources There is a limit of freshwater When oil spills occur it threatens the amount of freshwater. Other problems include sewage wastes and chemicals. The growth of algae and other plants helps to filter the system and protect it. Water conservation is important.

5. Air Resources Pollutant: Harmful material that can enter the atmosphere Smog: gray, brown mixture of chemicals that occurs in a haze. Acid Rain: rain containing nitric and sulfuric acid Emissions from the industry into the atmosphere are nitrogen and sulfuric dioxide Burning fossil release pollutants that cause smog.

6. Ozone Depletion Between 20- 50 kilometers above Earth’s Surface is Ozone Layer. Absorbs UV rays UV rays can cause cancer and damage tissue In 1970’s a hole in the Ozone was found over Antarctica. In 1995 another hole was found over Arctic We stopped using CFCs. These are found in Coolants. CFCs enable UV rays to break ozone molecules.

7. Effects of Humans on Land Resources Erosion – wearing away or breaking down of materials over time by water or wind. Desertification – a process that occurs from poor farming, overgrazing, or drought that can turn an area of land into desert. Plowing the land and over farming leads to both soil erosion and desertification. Humans also overuse the resources that are often non-renewable. Examples include: oil, deforestation of trees, and excessive fishing

8. Introduction of New Species New Species can over run the ecosystem they are introduced in to. Limit biodiversity in that ecosystem Steal Nutrients Causes unbalance in ecosystem Example: Blue Strife which took up the space for the native plants that inhabited that ecosystem

9. Pollution: Biological Magnification Pollution threatens biodiversity especially when toxic compounds accumulate in the tissues of organisms Biological Magnification concentrations of a harmful substances increase in organisms at higher trophic levels in a food chain of food web. Ex. DDT a pesticide got picked up by organisms throughout a food web and toxic level increases from consumer to consumer.

10. Introduced Species: How do they harm native ecosystems? Introduced species reproduce quickly and usually become invasive species. They increase their populations because their new habitat lacks the parasites and predators that control their population “back home” Examples: Zebra mussels, leafy spurges

11. Threats to Biodiversity Biodiversity: the sum total of the variety of organisms in the biosphere Biodiversity is earth’s greatest natural resource and provides earth’s species to prosper Altering habitats Hunting species to extinction Introducing toxic compounds to food sources Introducing species to new environments

12. Renewable vs Non-renewable Resources Renewable Resources- Resources that can regenerate and are therefore replaceable. Ex: Sunlight, Tree, wind Non-renewable Resources- Resources that take a long time to produce by nature. Ex: Oil, Coal, Natural Gas

13. Ocean Resources (Fishing) Fishing is a major source of protein Using new and better technology we can gather more fish. This may cause over fishing, meaning that we are gathering fish faster than we can reproduce. Over fishing can cause economic downfall. Aquaculture – a sustainable use strategy the farming of aquatic organisms.

14. Overpopulation Effects on the Environment Current predictions state that by 2025thw world’s population will be 7.8 billion. To make predictions demographers must take into account every country’s age structure. Many ecologists suggest that if human population does not stop growing there would be serious done to our environment.