1. Digestive and Circulatory Systems Review

2. Identify the 6 class of nutrients.
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Vitamins
Lipids
Water
Minerals

3. Explain what a food label tells you.
The nutritional facts found in processed foods.

4. 1. Identify the following information for the food to the left.
a. Serving size
b. Total carbohydrates
c. Calories
d. Protein
2. How many calories would you consume if you ate 2 servings of these crackers?
2 crackers
10g 60 2g
120 calories

5. oral cavity stomach gall bladder pancreas large intestine
Identify each structure labeled in the diagram.
oral cavity
stomach
gall bladder
pancreas
large intestine
small intestine
rectum

6. In the stomach Absorb water In the small intestine
Where does protein digestion begin?
What is the function of F?
3. Where are nutrients absorbed into the blood?
In the stomach
Absorb water
In the small intestine

7. Goes to the small intestine
4. What does C produce? Where does it go?
5. What is the function of G?
6. Chemical digestion is completed in this structure.
7. What type of digestion occurs in A?
Pancreatic juice
Goes to the small intestine
store bile
small intestine
mechanical and chemical

8. To push food through the digestive tract
What is the name of this process? What is its function?
Where in the digestive tract does this process occur?
peristalsis
To push food through the digestive tract
esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

9. to produce bile liver stomach chemical digestion
What is structure F? What is the function of this substance?
2. Identify structure B. What kind of digestion occurs here?
3. What is the function of structure A?
to produce bile
liver
stomach
chemical digestion
The esophagus pushes food down into the stomach using peristalsis.

10. Liver (F) – produces bile that goes to the SI
Through which of these structures does food pass?
Which organs are not part of the gastrovascular tract? How do they aid in digestion?
Esophagus (A)
Small intestine (D)
Stomach (B)
Liver (F) – produces bile that goes to the SI
Gall bladder (E) – stores bile
Pancreas (C) – releases pancreatic juice into SI

11. Describe the role of the small intestine in digestion.
Where most chemical digestion occurs
Where chemical digestion is completed
Lined with VILLI which absorb nutrients into the blood

12. Identify the labeled organs.
A - Oral cavity
B - Esophagus
C – Stomach
D – Pancreas
E - Large intestine
F - Appendix
G - Small intestine
H – Gall bladder
I - Liver

13. Through what organs does food pass? (in order)
Oral cavity
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus
2. In which structures does peristalsis occur?
Esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum

14. Bile – into small intestine
Where excess water reabsorbed?
2. What occurs in structure G?
3. What does I produce? Where does it go?
4. This is where chemical digestion begins.
5. This is where chemical digestion ends.
Large intestine
Villi absorb nutrients into blood
Bile – into small intestine
Oral cavity
Small intestine

15. Identify organs where there is no digestion occurring.
Esophagus
Liver
Salivary glands
Pancreas
Glass bladder

16. Which part of the human blood: is the most numerous?
contains a nucleus?
is biconcave?
is produced in the bone marrow?
consists mainly of water?
rbc’s
wbc’s
rbc’s
rbc’s, wbc’s, platelets
plasma

17. Identify structures X, Y, and Z.
white blood cell Y Z
red blood cell
platelet
Identify structures X, Y, and Z.

18. Which activity is not a function of white blood cells in response to an invasion of the body by bacteria?
engulfing these bacteria
producing antibodies to act against this type of bacteria
preparing for future invasions of this type of bacteria
speeding transmissions of nerve impulses to detect these bacteria

19. Which part of the human blood transports hormones and nutrients?
plasma
platelets
red blood cells
white blood cells

20. The breaking apart of platelets in the blood helps in the
synthesis of hemoglobin
formation of a clot
release of antibodies
deamination of amino acids

21. Cardiovascular diseases interfere most directly with the normal functioning of system?

22. Explain the difference between arteries and veins.
Arteries carry blood AWAY from heart. Veins carry blood to the heart.
Arteries are larger, more muscular and elastic than veins.
Arteries carry blood under higher pressure than veins.
Veins have valves to prevent the backflow of blood. Arteries do not have valves.

23. Explain what occurs in capillaries and why.
The exchange or diffusion of substances into or out of the capillary.
Capillaries are extremely small and have a VERY thin lining that allows for diffusion to occur.

24. The diagram represents a capillary near some cells.
glucose O2
CO2 O2
glucose
glucose O2
CO2
The diagram represents a capillary near some cells.
1. Identify the substances diffusing out of the capillary and into cells.
2. Identify the substances diffusing out of cells into the capillary.
CO2 O2
glucose 24

25. Blood normally flows from the capillaries directly into
small arteries
small veins
3. lymph vessels
4. heart atria

26. The movement of blood from the legs toward the heart is hindered by gravity. The effect of gravity is counteracted by
smooth muscle in the capillaries
cilia lining the blood vessels
valves in the veins
lymph nodes near major vessels

27. Which statement best describes arteries?
They have thick walls and transport blood away from the heart.
They have thick walls and transport blood toward the heart.
They have thin walls and transport blood away from the heart.
They have thin walls and transport blood toward the heart.

28. Identify the upper chambers of the heart.
Identify the lower chambers of the heart.
Identify the structures that separate the upper and lower chambers.
Identify the wall that separates the right and left side of the heart.
Right and left atria
Right and left ventricles
valves
septum

29. left ventricle right ventricle Identify structures B, D, E, F and H.
aorta
left atrium
right atrium
left ventricle
right ventricle

30. When blood passes through the heart from the left atrium (D) to the left ventricle (E), it must first pass through a
valve

31. Identify the part of the heart being described.
Chamber that receives oxygenated blood.
Wall that separates the right and left side of the heart.
Large artery that carries oxygenated blood to the rest of the body.
Chamber that pumps out deoxygenated blood.
Left atrium
Septum
Aorta
Right ventricle

32. 5. Chamber that receives deoxygenated blood.
6. Prevents the backflow of blood between atria and ventricles.
7. Chamber that pumps out oxygenated blood.
Right atrium
Valves
Left ventricle

33. For blood to pass through the heart from the left atrium to the left ventricle, it must first pass through
an artery
a valve
a vein
a capillary