1. ICT Education and R & D in India By Dr. T.H. CHOWDARY Director: Center for Telecom Management and Studies Chairman: Pragna Bharati (intellect India ) Former: Chairman & Managing Director Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited & Information Technology Advisor, Government of Andhra Pradesh T: +91(40) 5567-1191/ 2784-6137(O) 2784-3121® F: +91 (40) 5567-1111, 2789-6103 hanuman.chowdary@tcs.com thc@satyam.com Talk @ Birla Science Center, Hyderabad : 4 Oct 2006

2. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 20062 University Education for Wealth Creation Quitting poverty Nation’s strength and Power Knowledge Creation (R&D, IPR)

3. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 20063 Enrollment of University age (17 to 23) population CountryYearRatio Developed Countries199551.0 USA199481.1 Finland199466.9 France199349.6 United Kingdom199448.3 Japan199440.3 Singapore199533.7 South Korea199552.0 Malaysia199410.6 India20067.0 China20058.0

4. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 20064 ‘Varsity Education in the Country Population of Age group Y 18-23 = 160 mln Educational Institutions in India High schools Colleges Universities State Self- Others Total funded funded 120,000 17,500 205 95* 10 310 * 30 more pvtes

5. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 20065 How Equipped is India for Higher Education *Suggest: Begin having a University for each District * Every Private Engineering College should be required to grow into a University within 8 years of wind up. Corporates to found.fund ‘Varsities’. In India we have 8.8 mln. or 5% of the young in the age group 18 to 23 yrs. in Universities

6. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 20066 Scientists: World Bank 2006 IndiaChinaUKAustraliaUSAJapan 1575452666335340995095

7. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 20067 No. of Scientific Papers Published Country1980 2000 No. of papers/mil. people Y2000 India4,983 12,217 12.0 China 924 22,061 19.0 S.Korea 175 12,013 270 Brazil 2,215 9,565 70 Israel 5,773 9,292 1,550 Source: Science Citation Index. Inst. For Scientific Information Philadelphia ( E.T 23.08.02)

8. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 20068 In Matters of Science, India Lags Behind CountryNo. of people in R&D* % of science and engg.students** R&D expenditure*** Human Development Index rank Japan5,085203.111 United States4,526192.710 Russia3,415401.262 South Korea2,979412.528 China633251.285 Brazil324401.063 India120200.8127 * Per million of the population ** In tertiary education *** As % GDP (1997-2002) Source: Business World, 30 Jan 2006

9. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 20069 India- the Ancient Seat of Learning Takshasila, Nalanda where tens of thousands of foreigners were studying over 50 subjects Now over 120,000 Indian students studying abroad

10. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 200610 Indian students Abroad USAUK AustraliaNew Zealand > 80K 15K 10K 3K Spend: $2.32 bln abroad

11. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 200611 Foreign Students in the USA (2004-’05) IndianChineseKoreanJapaneseCanada 80,46662,52353,35842,26528,140 If Indian students match 50,0008,50,0004,23,00019,60,000 * 40% of US doctorates go to foreigners

12. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 200612 College Grads ( Professions) Leaving Country (%) ItalyFranceUKSpainFRGIndia 2.51.10.90.80.6(2 to 5 )

13. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 200613 India’s Annual Production of Professionals Engineers 450,000 (of whom) ICT Grads: 150,000 MCAs 80,000 MBAs 80,000

14. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 200614 Indian Software Industry Exports ( $ mln )

15. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 200615 Employment in Indian IT sector*,’000 (* Years ending March; + Estimate @ break-up: NA) 20 mln@ ‘06

16. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 200616 Out-look for the IT Sector 125 of the Fortune 500 and Worlds ICT giants have R&D centers in India; Texas Inst., Lucent, Siemens, Nokia, Motorola, Microsoft, Intel, QUALCOM, HUAWI, ZTE, Ericsson…. are locating their Development Centers in India: Seed-beds for Indian cos. to emerge NRI- Enterprises- Talents in India- Markets in North America, EU; far East & China

17. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 200617 Indian Talent Works for Others GE- largest R&D center outside USA in Bangalore 2300 –double that in Shanghai –$ 80 mln Bangalore center –Filed for 260 patents (37 appvd.) Motorola: 1700 employees –40% of software in its mobiles from India –The Internet Browser and multimedia messge system conceived & developed for 3G,GSM, engineered –Global automakers ( 3 to 5)% on R&D

18. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 200618 Some Foreign Companies’ Employees in India GE CapsGE DevIBMOracleEDSTexas 16,0001,80043,00060003,500900 IntelJP Morgan HUWAISiemensMotorola 1,7001,2001,50020001,500

19. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 200619 IBM in Indian: Largest MNC Employer Since 14 years 2003 Dec - 9,400 2006 June - 43,000 Life Science Research, grid computing chip design,e-governance, software & hardware remote Infrastructure Management & BPO Growing @ 45% Y.O.Y in 2004 & 55% YOY in 2005 Triples investment in India from $ 2.0 bln in 2003 to $ 600 bln by 2009 April 2004, acquired Daksh ( India’s largest BPO and call center biz.) Got a 10 year $ 750 mln outsourcing contract from Bharti Tel in Y2004.

20. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 200620 India as base of R&D India: 150K computer graduates Foreign companies setting up Development centers in India Texas Instruments, Motorola, QUALCOM; HUAWI, ZTE, Microsoft, Alcatel, Siemens, Huawi Pharma companies too

21. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 200621 Knowledge Production TIFR BARC ISRO ECIL I.I.SC B.I.T.S 25/30,00 IIT ians in the USA “Never in the history of Congress so much talent was assembled in this House” – IIT meet in the US; Congressman Chairman of India-caucus C-DAC: Pune CEERI- Pilani C-DOT, Delhi

22. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 200622 World’s Attention to India The Economist (UK), June, 2006 “Can India Fly” – 14 page supplement “…India is producing far more world class companies than China…” Time (USA) June 26, 2006 Cover page…”…trying to find out why the world’s biggest democracy is the next great economic power and what it means for America”

23. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 200623 World’s Attention to India Foreign Affairs (USA) (July-Aug 2006) “India is now the fourth largest economy and soon it will surpass Japan to become the third largest…rather than rising with the help of the state, India is in many ways rising despite the state…” Of the Fortune companies 125 now have Research & Development bases in India, a testament to its human capital.”

24. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 200624 What India has to pay attention to Quality/Employability R & D Funding; Defence Research Liberal education Competition from foreign Universities Great Teachers (70% of living Nobel Laureates leach in US ‘Varsities Companies to create Endowments/Chiars & sponsor Research Private Universities & India’s off shore ‘Varsities

25. THC_CTMSS318_Oct 200625 Dhanyawad: Thank You