1. 1 Waves and Organisms Prepared for GBW 5 th Grade Dr. Darren McKnight May 2007

2. 2 Sound Sound is a form of energy produced by vibrating matter –Energy travels in _____________ waves Direction Of Wave What does this wave look like?

3. 3 Frequency and Wavelength Frequency (or pitch) is inversely proportional to wavelength –Smaller wavelength produces ________ frequency –Animals detect and use sound High or low frequencies? ________________ Why?________________________ Use to locate things with sound: ________________

4. 4 Wave Exercise Five girls from Ms. Wetterhahn’s class and five boys from Ms. Beadling’s class. Sound travels faster through __________. What would sound travel more slowly through, gas or brick? ________________ ?

5. 5 Man “Mimicking” Animals Use “echolocation” with low frequency sound energy for underwater measurements is called ____________________ Use “echolocation” to use high frequency sound energy for medical purposes is called ____________________

6. 6 Music Creates Sound Big, long thick strings make low frequencies (pitch) Short, skinny strings make high frequencies (pitch) Sound is created by the _____________ of the strings.

7. 7 Crossword Puzzle Five minutes to complete without using your notes – do not turn yet… –Ready… begin!

8. 8 Sound Wave Crossword

9. 9 Light Light is another form of energy but it acts differently than sound waves –Light energy = vibration in matter? _____________ –Is light faster or slower than sound? ________ Watching fireworks…??? –Light still travels in waves but also act as particles or _________________

10. 10 LIGHT: What Is It? Atoms: basic building block of matter –What are the parts of an atom? _________________ –As atoms absorb energy, electrons jump out to a higher energy level. What type of energy do you think an atom might absorb? ________________ –Electrons release light when falling down to the lower energy level. Photons are bundles/packets of energy released when the electrons fall. When this happens continuously, you get LIGHT!!!!! © 2000 Microsoft Clip Gallery

11. 11 Electromagnetic Waves Speed in Vacuum –300,000 km/sec or 186,000 mi/sec –670 million mph 10 million times faster than a car on the highway) Speed in Other Materials –Slower in Air, Water, Glass

12. 12 Transverse Waves Energy is perpendicular to direction of motion –For sound, energy was in same direction as the movement of the wave Moving photons create electric & magnetic fields at right angles to each other –How many degrees is a right angle? _______ Is it an acute or an obtuse angle? _____________

13. 13 How Light Can Be Affected Reflection – bouncing of light off of a substance –Happens all of the time… examples? __________ Transmission – light passes through a substance –Sunglasses and windows… Absorption – light is converted into other form of energy (heat) –What is hotter in the summer: asphalt road or sidewalk? ________________ Refraction – Bending of light due to a change in speed –Diving into the pool to get a ball… –Prism: thicker part bends more    

14. 14 Visible Spectrum Light that we can see is called the visible spectrum: –Roy G. Biv Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, & Violet. Largest to Smallest Wavelength (hard to remember) –F (Roy G Biv) From smaller to larger frequency – more natural to learn…

15. 15 Types of Objects Related to Light Transparent: –Light transmitted totally (no scattering) –Color transmitted is color you see. All other colors are absorbed So is grass really green? ________ Translucent: –Light is both scattered and transmitted Opaque: –Light is either reflected or absorbed (no transmission) –Color of opaque objects is color it reflects.

16. 16 How People See Near SightedNear Sighted – Eyeball is too long and image focuses in front of the retina Far SightedFar Sighted – Eyeball is too short so image is focused behind the retina. What are lenses at the front of the eye that the light passes through? __T___________________ © 2000 Microsoft Clip Gallery

17. 17 Building Up the Animal World Earlier, when we learned about light, it was mentioned that atoms were the building blocks of all matter –When we combine several identical atoms together it is called an _______________________ –By combining different elements together you create a molecule. Is water a molecule? ________ What elements are used to make up water? _______________ For living organisms the smallest building block needs lots of molecules and are called ________.

18. 18 How Do Cells Differ? Plant CellsAnimal Cells Shape? _______________ Nucleus (Y/N )? _________ Outer Layer? ___________ Shape? _______________ Nucleus (Y/N)? _________ Outer Layer? ___________

19. 19 Five Kingdoms of Organisms My Pretty Fungi Plays with Animals –Monera: one _____ (e.g. bacteria) –Protista: a few cells (e.g. algae) –Fungi: plant-like but cannot make own _______ (e.g. mushrooms) –Plants: make own food but cannot ______ –Animals: can ______ but cannot make own _____ Can you see a monera easily? _________

20. 20 Do You Have A Backbone? Animals with backbones are called _______________? (e.g. humans, dogs, fish, lizards, etc.) If an animal does not have a backbone then it is called an ________________? (e.g. clams, squids, worms, and insects) What are there more of? __________________ Why?_________________________________

21. 21 Invertebrates Are Amazing!!!

22. 22 Physics Review M = F = W = E = P = Be smarter than 90% of the people in the world!!!

23. 23 Web Jeopardy Teachers Can Do In Class Later… http://richmond.k12.va.us/schools/thirteen acres/science5.htmhttp://richmond.k12.va.us/schools/thirteen acres/science5.htm

24. 24 References Light and the Electromagnetic Spectrum, a lecture by D.L. Power, 2001 Software, 2003, Crossword-compiler.com Wikipedia, 2007 Video compliments of Roger T. Hanlon