1. Chapter 31

2. * AGENDA * Bell Ringer – Long Essay * Understanding the late 70s & early 80s * Oil Embargo * Carter vs. Reagan * Debate * Exit Ticket * REMINDERS * LAST QUIZ EVER!!! Chapter 31 Quiz * Read chapter 32 by Wednesday, April 29 th * AP Exam Fee - $91/exam due April 30 th !!!

3. CLO(s) – Students will: * Demonstrate all four domains by scoring and improving a student essay on protest movements from 1945 – 1975 individually, then in small groups. * Demonstrate all four domains by engaging in and answering the question, “Did Carter lose the election or did Reagan win it?” in a small group debate. * Investigate the world and communicate ideas by completing a short reading comprehension quiz individually

4. 1. What score did you give the essay initially? Why? 2. With the historical thinking skill (comparison) added in, what did you add to earn the extra points? Please take 5-7 minutes to discuss with your partner

5. After World War II, the United States grappled with prosperity and unfamiliar international responsibilities, while struggling to live up to its ideals. * Key Concept 8.1: The United States responded to an uncertain and unstable postwar world by asserting and attempting to defend a position of global leadership, with far-reaching domestic and international consequences. * Key Concept 8.2: Liberalism, based on anticommunism abroad and a firm belief in the efficacy of governmental and especially federal power to achieve social goals at home, reached its apex in the mid- 1960s and generated a variety of political and cultural responses. * Key Concept 8.3: Postwar economic, demographic, and technological changes had a far-reaching impact on American society, politics, and the environment.

6. CAUSE: The embargo was a response to American involvement in the 1973 Yom Kippur War. Six days after Egypt and Syria launched a surprise military campaign against Israel to regain territories lost in the June 1967 Six-Day War, the US supplied Israel with arms. In response to this, OAPEC announced an oil embargo against Canada, Japan, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the US. EFFECT: The crisis had a major impact on international relations and created a rift within NATO. Some European nations and Japan sought to disassociate themselves from United States foreign policy in the Middle East. Arab oil producers linked any future policy changes to peace between the belligerents. To address this, the Nixon Administration began multilateral negotiations with the combatants. They arranged for Israel to pull back from the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights. By January 18, 1974, US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger had negotiated an Israeli troop withdrawal from parts of the Sinai Peninsula. The promise of a negotiated settlement between Israel and Syria was enough to convince Arab oil producers to lift the embargo in March 1974.

7. Independently, OAPEC members agreed to use their leverage over the world price-setting mechanism for oil to stabilize their incomes by raising world oil prices after the recent failure of negotiations with Western oil companies. The embargo occurred at a time of rising petroleum consumption by industrialized countries and coincided with a sharp increase in oil imports by the world's largest oil consumer-the US. In the aftermath, targeted countries initiated a wide variety of policies to contain their future dependency. The 1973 "oil price shock", with the accompanying 1973–74 stock market crash, were regarded as the first discrete event since the Great Depression to have a persistent economic effect. The embargo's success demonstrated Saudi Arabia's diplomatic and economic power. It was the largest oil exporter and a politically and religiously conservative kingdom. Thereafter, progressive Arab nationalism was swept aside by an Islamic revival. Throughout the Muslim world, in the coming years, the greatly increased wealth and international prestige of Saudi Arabia would help the puritanical, conservative "Wahhabi" interpretation of Islam it favored ("petro-Islam") to "attain a preeminent position of strength in the global expression of Islam."

8. Write a thesis statement based on the prompt: Analyze major changes and continuities in American culture and politics with the rise of the modern conservative movement. * Provide a thesis statement that explicitly addresses all parts of the question. * Main idea, historical thinking skill, and time period

9. * AGENDA * Bell Ringer – Chapter 31 Quiz & Debrief * Turn in long essay * Period 9 Key Concepts * Taboo – Chapters 31 & 32 * Study Session * REMINDERS * AP Exam Fee - $91/exam due TOMORROW!!! It’s $12 with your waiver : ) * Study yo!

10. A) A good response will describe one of several possible developments that contributed to the rise of a new conservatism in the 1980s, such as: * As a result of economic challenges, like 1970s inflation, people began to lose faith in the government’s ability to manage financial matters. * The federal government was rocked by scandal, such as Watergate. * Several foreign policy failures, such as the Iranian hostage crisis, affected Americans’ ability to trust the federal government. * As liberal policies were implemented, many Americans felt that the nation was suffering from a sense of social and moral decay. * Evangelical and fundamentalist Christian churches and organizations began growing and expanding rapidly.

11. B) A good response will cite one of several political or policy goal of this new conservative movement, such as: * Conservatives wanted to solidify the strength of the Republican Party through tax cuts. * The Contract with America was a document written by Newt Gingrich and Richard Armey that proposed what the Republicans promised to do if they became the majority party in the United States House of Representatives for the first time in 40 years. * The new conservative movement focused on deregulation and increased military spending. * Outlawing abortion was a major component of the new conservative movement, particularly after Roe v. Wade ruled that a woman had a right to an abortion until “viability.”

12. C) A good response will assess how successful the new conservative movement was at achieving this particular goal during the 1980s: * The Supreme Court upheld a woman’s right to abortion in Planned Parenthood v. Casey. * Under President Reagan’s presidency, the economic policy effectively reduced government spending, government regulation, and inflation. * Republicans gained a majority of the seats in the 104 th Congress leaving many to see the Contract with America as a huge success.

13. 1. Nixon Pardoned 2. High Interest Rates 3. Camp David Accords 4. Iranian Revolution 5. Sunbelt 6. Sagebrush Rebellion 7. Evangelical Christianity 8. Christian Coalition 9. Ronald Reagan 10. Proposition 13 11. 1980 Election 12. Neo-Conservatives 13. Reaganomics 14. Deregulation 15. Welfare 16. Reagan Doctrine 17. Gorbachev 18. Fall of USSR 19. Iran-Contra Scandal 20. Savings and Loan Crisis 21. George H.W. Bush 22. Kuwait 23. Bill Clinton 24. Ross Perot

14. 1. NAFTA 2. Healthcare Reform Failure 3. Clinton vs. Dole 4. Budget Surplus 5. Monica Lewinsky 6. Impeachment 7. Kosovo 8. George W. Bush 9. Al Gore 10. Butterfly Ballot 11. Income Inequality 12. Internet 13. Human Genome Project 14. Economic Progress for African Americans 15. AIDS 16. “Right-to-Life” Movement 17. “Pro-Choice” Movement 18. Rise of Islamic Fundamentalism 19. September 11 th 20. Terrorism 21. Al Qaeda 22. Iraq War 23. Barack Obama

15. For Friday’s study session please let me know what activity/activities you’d like to work on specifically: * Multiple Choice * Short Answer * Long Essay * DBQ * Content