1. RESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATION DESIGN © 2012 www.PosterPresentations.com (—THIS SIDEBAR DOES NOT PRINT—) DESIGN GUIDE This PowerPoint 2007 template produces a 36”x48” presentation poster. You can use it to create your research poster and save valuable time placing titles, subtitles, text, and graphics. We provide a series of online tutorials that will guide you through the poster design process and answer your poster production questions. To view our template tutorials, go online to PosterPresentations.com and click on HELP DESK. When you are ready to print your poster, go online to PosterPresentations.com Need assistance? Call us at 1.510.649.3001 QUICK START Zoom in and out As you work on your poster zoom in and out to the level that is more comfortable to you. Go to VIEW > ZOOM. Title, Authors, and Affiliations Start designing your poster by adding the title, the names of the authors, and the affiliated institutions. You can type or paste text into the provided boxes. 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Go to PosterPresentations.com for more information. Student discounts are available on our Facebook page. Go to PosterPresentations.com and click on the FB icon. © 2013 PosterPresentations.com 2117 Fourth Street, Unit C Berkeley CA 94710 posterpresenter@gmail.com Rift valley fever (RVF) is mosquito-borne disease. RVF is transboundary zoonotic disease. It has socioeconomic and public health importance. This paper describes qualitative risk of the RVF vaccine production. RVF is endemic in the Sudan. It has been reported due to abundance of Ades Eqytie. Thus, there are huge efforts to control it. Vaccination has significant role to control and manage RVF. The likelihood of controlling RVF was non- significant. Thus, insecticides and repellents synergize the efforts of the vaccination. Keywords— Qualitative analysis, Quality control, Rift valley fever vaccine Risk Assessment, Risk function Abstract INTRODUCTION The current paper studies, examines and explains risk assessment. Risk assessment depends on qualitative and quantitative measures. Qualitative risk assessment is measured by estimating the probability or likelihood of hazard for the vaccine. Quantitatively, the risk was evaluated by risk function. M ATERIAL & METHODS The risk of RVF vaccine production was unlikely. Meanwhile, the likelihood of RVF control was 0.001. Risk function was 0.0253, rate of vaccine recovery was0.75% and tolerance of risk was 0.25% RESULTS DISCUSSION Sudan has RVF free zones and recognized by OIE. Thus, experts suggested exports from these areas. Although, the epidemiology of the disease is dynamic. This may threaten the public health and prohibit exporting for the national livestock. Therefore, Risk of RVF is still a challenge. In 2000, the RVF was occurred in Yemen and Saudi Arabia. This urged the responsible to control and manage this dilemma. The Sudan has contributed by long experience experts. The efforts of Saudi Arabia were appreciated in control and management of RVF. In Sudan, free zone and compartmentalization were emphasized. Benefit-Cost analysis consolidates this idea. As, RVF unit supports and obliges with the national policy. The epidemiology of RVF in the Sudan was estimated by 43% starting in 1977 until 2007. Serosurveillance and entomological survey were carried out and mosquito’s species were Aedes vexans and Culex quinquefasciatus were identified (Rania et al., 2013). This explicates the situation of the disease in the country. Control and management were done by mosquito’s control and vaccination technology. RVFV was isolated in the Sudan. The trial vaccines were produced. The risk assessment was unlikely. However, more researches are required. The Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for the vaccine were faire. The trial vaccine needs to be examined in laboratory animals and the field. However, there is a published research on antiviral therapy. It catalyzes the immune system against RVFV (Billecocq A et al, 2004). This could be a better alternative in latter research. Else paper on production of RVF like particle vaccine (Matthias. H et al 2008). It needs high– technology facilities to produce this vaccine. Sudan did researches for producing efficient, cost-effective and safe RVF vaccine. Thus, RVF vaccine production is essential for health of national livestock. Also, socio-economic of the RVF vaccine are achieved by the economic equilibrium. Environment and time are influenced by determining of the equilibrium price of the RVF vaccine. This supports safety and quality measures for production of the RVF vaccine at the public and private sector (Dirani et al. 2009). CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS Continuous risk-based surveillance and entomological survey were recommended. The overall prevalence of the RVF was to be determined. Risk communication and Risk management is necessarily needed. It requires technical report, risk analysis and Benefit –Cost analysis. REFERENCES. Adam. I, Karsany.MS (2008) Case report: Rift Valley Fever with vertical transmission in a pregnant Sudanese woman. J Med Virol 80: 929. Billecocq. A, Spiegel. M, Vialat. P, Kohl A, Weber F, Bouloy M, Haller O: (2004). NSs protein of Rift Valley fever virus blocks interferon production by inhibiting host gene transcription. J Virol. Volume 78(18):Pp9798-806. Dirani. O, Jabbar. M. & Babiker. B. (2009) Constraints in the market chains for export of Sudanese sheep and sheep meat to the Middle East. Nairobi: ILRI. Eisa. M (1984) Preliminary survey of domestic animals of the Sudan for precipitating antibodies to Rift Valley fever virus. J Hyg (Lond) 93: 629–637. Eisa. M, Obeid HMA (1977) Rift Valley fever in the Sudan. II. Isolation and identification of the virus from a recent epizootic in Kosti District, 1973. Bull Anim Health Prod Afr 24: 349–355. Imadeldin. E. Aradaib, Bobbie. R. Erickson, Rehab. M. Elageb, Marina. L. Khristova, Serena. A. Carroll, Isam. M. Elkhidir, Mubarak. E. Karsany, AbdelRahim. E. Karrar, Mustafa. I. Elbashir, and Stuart. T. Nichol (2007) rift valley fever, Sudan 2007 and 2010. Volume 19 jour of Infectious Disease 246:253. Martin.Spiegel,Anna.K.Överby,Georg.Kochs,Juha.T.Huiskonen,Fri edemann.Weber:(2008) Efficient production of Rift Valley fever virus-like particles: The antiviral protein MxA can inhibit primary transcription of bunyviruses.Elsevier,virology journal Volume 385,Issue 2, PP 400-408. Rania Ali El Hadi Mohamed, Emadeldin Hassan Konozy, El Amin El Rayah(2013) Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV) Dissemination inside Mosquitoes and Investigation of the Influence of Climate on Mosquitoes Abundance. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2013; 1 (5):1-9. WHO, (2008), Rift Valley fever fact sheet. Weekly epidemiological record 83: 17–24. Rift valley fever is an arthropod–borne disease. RVF is transmitted by mosquitoes. It affects small ruminants, cattle, camels and human beings. RVF was reported in the Sudan, (WHO 2008). Many attempts had been carried out to control and manage the disease. However, the biology of mosquitoes and the virulence of the virus hinder these efforts. Sudan did experiment RVF vaccine production. It was successful and the quality control procedures were examined. Risk assessment requires information. However, the likelihood of hazard was estimated as unlikely. RVFV has three segmented genome. This may lead to mutation in their progenies in the future. There is strain known as Clone 13 and can be as vaccine candidate. It has been utilized in vaccination programs. Live attenuated strains has adverse effect of abortion. However, reduction of risk is likely, this renders abortions and anomalies are non-significant. Many reasons had led to assess hazard for RVF vaccine. RVF has been isolated in Sudan. Safety and quality measures improve manufacturing of the vaccine. This paper aims to assess the risk of RVF vaccine production. Mohammed Mansour is affiliated with the 1 Rift Valley Fever Unit, Veterinary Research Institute,Soba, Madani street,, email address : ahmed.hasbo@ymail.com, Tel : +249 999174725. 2 Freie Universität-Berlin, Department of Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary medicine Mohammed. E. Mansour 1*, Tamador.M.A.Elhassan 1, Nahid. A.Ibrahim 1, Awatif.A.Ahmed 1, Manal. A.Abdalla 1, Antje. Hoppenheit 2 Risk Assessment for Rift Valley Fever vaccine production in the Sudan