1. Anatomy II Head & Neck BY: DR
Anatomy II Head & Neck BY: DR.Yahya Alfarra CANADIAN BOARD IN DENTISTRY

2. Parotid region Parotid gland ::
Size : it’s the largest salivary gland & it’s compose of serous acini.
Shape : it’s wedge shaped ,
Site & extension : it lies between the ramus of Md. & SCM
It extends :
Upward: to zygomatic arch
Downward: to angle of Md.
Anteriorly: to cover part of masseter ms.
Posteriorly: to overlap SCM

3. Parotid duct(stenson’s duct)
Length : 5 cm long
Beginning : at the ant. Border of the gland
End: by opening into the oral cavity opposite the upper 2nd molar tooth

4. Opens in the oral cavity opposite to the second upper molar tooth.

5. Blood supply of P.G
Arterial supply : small branches from ECA inside the gland
Venous drainage: into retromandibular V.
Lymphatic drainage : into deep & superficial parotid lymph node
Nerve supply of parotid :Sensory :
great auricualr N auriculotemporal N.

6. Superficial temporal artery

7. Temporal region Temporal fossa Infratemporal fossa
MuSclE OF mastications

8. Temporal fossa Boundaries : Sup. Temporal line ……… above
Zygonatic arch…………….below
Frontal process of zygomatic bone……………………….ant.
Contents(attachments):
2 superficial Ms of mastications
Muscles :
a) temporalis Ms. b) masseter Ms
Nerves :
a ) deep temporal N. b)auriculotemporal N.
Vesseles: superficial temporal A.

9. Infratemporal fossa Boundaries: Anteriorly: post. Surface of maxilla
Posteriorly : styloid & mastoid process
Medially: lateral pterygoid plate
Laterally : coronoid process & ramus of Md.
Contents:
Muscles : 2 deep Ms of Mastications
a) medial pterygoid Ms. b ) lateral pterygoid m.
Nerves: a ) Md. N. b ) chorda tympani c ) Mx. N.
Vesseles : a ) Mx. A b ) pterygoid plexus of viens

10. Muscles of mastications
Lateral
Pterygoid
Medial
pterygoiod
temporalis
Masseter
Arise by 2 head
a)Upper head(infratemporal surfaceof greater wing of sphenoid )
b) Lower head(lat. Surface of lat. Pterygoid plate)
a)superficial head(Mx.tuberosity)
b) Deep head(med. Surface of lat. Pterygoid plate)
Floor of temporal fossa ?
origin
Front of neck of Md. & articular disc of T.M.J
Med. Surface of angle of Md. ?.
Lateral (outer)surface of ramus of Md.
Insertion

11. Muscles of mastications
Lateral
Pterygoid
Medial
pterygoiod
temporalis
Masseter
Depress Md.
Elevate Md.
Elevate Md. To occlude teeth in mastication
Action
Anterior division of mandibular nerve ?
Nerve
supply

15. Submandibualr region
Definition: it’s the regoin between Md. & hyoid bone.
It contains :
Muscles: digastric, mylohyoid , hyoglossus, geniohyoid , genioglossus & styloglossus
Salivary gland : submandibualr & sublingual
Nerves : lingual , glossopharyngeal & hyoglossal
Blood vesseles: facial A. & V. , Lingual A. & V.
Parasympathetic ganglion : submandibualr
Lymph nodes : submandibualr group

16. Muscles of sumandibualr region
styloglossus
genioglossus
hyoglossus
geniohyoid
mylohyoid
digastric
Styloid process
Upper genial tubercle of Md.
Body of hyoid bone
it.’s a small Ms lying deep(above) to mylohyoid
From genial tubercle(behind symphysis menti of Md.)
Mylohyoid Md.
Arise by 2 bellies: ant. Belly: lower border of Md. Close to symphysis menti
Post. Belly: medial surface of mastoid process
origin
Whole length of side of tongue
Whole length Under surface of tongue
Inside tongue deep to styloglossus
Upper surface of body of hyoid
Into intermediate tendon that connected hyoid bone
insertion

17. Muscles of sumandibualr regoin
styloglossus
genioglossus
hyoglossus
geniohyoid
mylohyoid
digastric
Hypoglossal N.
Hypoglossa-l N.
From C1 via
N. to mylohyoid a branch of Inferior alveolar N. (from Md. N.)
Ant. Belly : N. to mylohyoid a branch of Inferior alveolar N. (from Md. N. )
Post. Belly:
Facial Nerve
Nerve supply
Retract tongue upward&
backward
Protrude tongue into midline
Depress
tongue
*elevate
Hyoid Bone
*depress
Md. If Hyoid
Bone is
Fixed(open
Mouth)
*support
Floor of
mouth
Ant. Belly : opening Md.
Retract hyoid bone upward& backward
Action

20. Salivary gland

21. Submandibular gland Site & extension: It lies below Md.
It extends to :
Mylohyoid line : a bove
Digastric muscle : below
Mental foramen : anterior
Angle of Md. : posterior
Size: about ½ the size of P.G.
Shape: wedge shape
Structure: it consists of 2 parts,a large superficial part & a small deep part

22. Submandibular duct It’s 5 cm long It’s duct open into
the floor of mouth
close to frenulum of tongue.

23. Parasympathetic: from facial N.
Blood supply of gland:
The arterial supply: the gland is supplied by branches of facial & lingual A.
The viens drain into facial & lingual V.
Nerve supply :
sympathetic : from plexus arround lingual A.
Parasympathetic: from facial N.

24. Sublingual gland Site: beneath tongue
Size: it’s the smallest of the 3 S.G.
Shape: almond-shaped
Relation :
Ant. : the gland of the opposite side
Post. : the deep part of submandibualr gland
Med. : genioglossus Ms. , lingual N. & submand. Duct
Laterally: sublingual fossa of Md.
Sup. : mucous membrane of mouth(which elevated to form sublingual fold)
Inf. : mylohyoid Ms.

26. Blood supply : the gland is supplied by branch of facial & lingual A.
Sublingual duct :
It opens directly in the floor of mouth on sublingual fold
Blood supply : the gland is supplied by branch of facial & lingual A.
The viens drain into facial & lingual V.
Nerve supply :
sympathetic :from plexus arround lingual A.
Parasympathetic: from facial N.

27. Nerves OF submandibualr regoin
lingual , glossopharyngeal & hyoglossal
N.B. : lingual N. : branch of post. Division of Md. N. in the infratemporal fossa
Blood vesseles submandibualr regoin : facial A. & V. , Lingual A. & V.
N.B.
Facial A. : Branch of ECA
Facial V. : It units ant. Division of retromandibualr V. TO drain into IJV
Lingual A. : Branch of ECA
Lingual V. : drain into IJV

28. Good luck