1. 1920’s- 30’s- Moving Towards War Japan develops industry, military. Military Dictator takes over, wants empire. Takes Manchuria (N. China), then E ½ of China. League of Nations does nothing Japan develops industry, military. Military Dictator takes over, wants empire. Takes Manchuria (N. China), then E ½ of China. League of Nations does nothing Italy invades Ethiopia, calls for help ignored Italy invades Ethiopia, calls for help ignored Germany ignores Treaty of Versailles, rebuilds army, occupies Rhineland Germany ignores Treaty of Versailles, rebuilds army, occupies Rhineland Rome, Berlin, Tokyo Axis- military alliance Rome, Berlin, Tokyo Axis- military alliance Spanish Civil War- Fascists send support defeat democracy, practice war Spanish Civil War- Fascists send support defeat democracy, practice war Appeasement- League of Nations tries to avoid war, US is Isolationist Appeasement- League of Nations tries to avoid war, US is Isolationist

2. Hitler starts to take land- 1939 Germany takes Austria, then Sudetenland, Germany takes Austria, then Sudetenland, Munich Conference- Chamberlain (Britain), Hitler is only uniting Germans, promises not to take more land Munich Conference- Chamberlain (Britain), Hitler is only uniting Germans, promises not to take more land takes all of Czechoslovakia (calls for help ignored) takes all of Czechoslovakia (calls for help ignored) Non- aggression Pact- Soviets and Hitler (one front war) Non- aggression Pact- Soviets and Hitler (one front war) Sept- Invasion of Poland- Blitzkrieg- Britain, France declare war Soviets take land lost in WWI Soviets take land lost in WWI Phony war, wait for attack- (6 months) Phony war, wait for attack- (6 months)1940 April- Hitler takes Denmark, Norway, May- Belguim, Holland, Netherlands June- FRANCE (goes around Maginot line, through Ardennes)- Dunkirk, French evacuation- Vichy govt, S. of France controlled by Nazis

3. July Battle of Britain, air war, Luftwaffe vs. RAF- bombing cities, never invade, Churchill (prime minister) Sept Italy attacks Egypt (Suez Canal) fight British back/ forth across desert, Germany pulled in to help (General Rommel) Germany attacks Balkans, S.E. Europe, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania join Axis, others fall to Hitler Germany attacks Balkans, S.E. Europe, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania join Axis, others fall to Hitler1941 June Hitler invades Soviet Union, scorched earth policy, retreat 500 miles, Germany caught in winter, Leningrad, Moscow The US- previously Isolationism, Neutrality Acts, FDR (president Roosevelt) supports allies. Cash/ Carry, Lend/ Lease Acts provide supplies to allies, Meet w/ Churchill (Atlantic charter), Undeclared Naval warfare w/ Germany, economic sanctions on Japan Total War- factories produce war supplies, women join work force, rationing, all supplies go to war effort, propaganda, govt control, support for war

4. Tide of War Turns 1942US bombed at Pearl Harbor by Japanese, (Japanese want to get rid of US navy fleet in Pacific) enters the war. - fight and defeat Germany 1st in N. Africa - Hitler invades USSR again, trapped by winter, defeated at Stalingrad, USSR pushing Germany back 1943US, Britain invades Italy, Mussolini thrown out June 6, 1944 D-day- invasion of France, biggest in History (Normandy, 3.5 million troops prepare) Push through France, Belgium, Holland, Germany (Battle of Bulge, Germans defeated) 1945British, US, French, Soviets circle Berlin, Hitler commits Suicide, surrender May 8.

5. Fighting in Pacific 1939-41 Japanese builds army, starts imperialism Dec 7, 1941- Pearl Harbor- Attack US pacific Naval Fleet- 18 ships sank, 350 planes, 2400 people died, 1700 wounded- War is Declared!! Japan wants total control of SE Asia, wants to get rid of US pacific fleet, wants Philippines, Guam Japan wants total control of SE Asia, wants to get rid of US pacific fleet, wants Philippines, Guam Dec 41-42- Japan takes Hong Kong, IndoChina, Malaya, Burma, Thailand, Guam, Indonesia, Wake, Solomon Islands, New Guinea (150 million people) Philippines, defeat US troops, Bataan Death March Philippines, defeat US troops, Bataan Death March 1942-43US stops them, Coral Sea, defeats them, Midway, pushes them back, Island hopping, Douglas Macarthur (Guadalcanal) 1944retakes Philippines, destroys Japanese Navy, pushed back to home islands, prepare for attack 1945Avoid invasion death toll, drop atomic bombs, Hiroshima, Nagasaki. War is over

6. Holocaust Anti- Semitism- Grew in Germany, Jews were blamed for all of Germany’s problems. Anti- Semitism- Grew in Germany, Jews were blamed for all of Germany’s problems. 1933- Nuremburg laws against Jews were passed. 1933- Nuremburg laws against Jews were passed. Nov 9, 1938- Kristallnacht- Nazis attacked Jews on the streets, in their homes and destroyed their businesses. Jews rounded up, sent to camps Nov 9, 1938- Kristallnacht- Nazis attacked Jews on the streets, in their homes and destroyed their businesses. Jews rounded up, sent to camps Hitler tries to deport Jews, no one will take them Hitler tries to deport Jews, no one will take them Separates them in ghettos Separates them in ghettos Sends them to work camps, 1933-1938 Sends them to work camps, 1933-1938

7. Final Solution Genocide- systematic killing of a whole people group Genocide- systematic killing of a whole people group Targets poles, gypsies, homosexuals, disabled, mentally ill, Jews Targets poles, gypsies, homosexuals, disabled, mentally ill, Jews taken to isolated spots, gunned down, taken to isolated spots, gunned down, concentration camps become extermination camps, work to death, starved, sickness, shot, hung, burned, gassed- 11 million killed, 6 million Jews concentration camps become extermination camps, work to death, starved, sickness, shot, hung, burned, gassed- 11 million killed, 6 million Jews