1. © Crown copyright Met Office 21st North America-Europe Data Exchange Meeting Sept. 2008 Dave Hennings, Met Office, UK

2. © Crown copyright Met Office Telecomms Status report Data-links utilised Dedicated (wide area) Internet Message switching systems WMO/GTS (Frost) non-WMO file-oriented (Dart) Dedicated-link data volumes Supercomputer/Model

3. © Crown copyright Met Office Data-links WAN BT Megastream to ECMWF 10Mb/s (of which 3Mbs-1 ) RMDCN region IV OBS 2Mbs-1 BT frame-relay to NOAA-TOC for GTS & WAFS backup Link to NESDIS (Suitland) CIR 256Kbs-1 Burst 512Kbs-1 Internet (100Mbs-1) Important link backup role. Extensive usage made for retrieval of ‘semi-operational’ data feeds

4. © Crown copyright Met Office Main Communications Links from Exeter, … and changes

5. © Crown copyright Met Office Message Switching Systems - Frost

6. © Crown copyright Met Office Frost WMO Message Switching System HP UNIX 9000 L3000 servers running HP-UX 11i Active and Hot Stand-by set-up Synchronisation via 1Gbs -1 Fibre 1Gbs -1 to LAN for data transfers. Corobor MessirComm for WMO switching Nexor Mailer for SMTP

7. © Crown copyright Met Office GTS Link with NOAA-TOC Washington BT Frame Relay link – (NOT RMDCN) 64 Kbs -1 Committed Information Rate Three logical data channels (Alpha- Numeric, GRIB (& T4)) TCP Sockets protocol Problems: ISDN backup still not functional (consider use of Internet backup route?) UK to TOC mostly saturated Actions: COSMIC data moved to File transfer on NESDIS link

8. © Crown copyright Met Office GTS Link with NOAA-TOC Washington Inbound flow may be inhibited due to the saturated Outbound flow being unable to return IP sockets ‘ack’ packets quickly enough.

9. © Crown copyright Met Office FTP File Switches - (DART file dissemination systems) RedHat Linux-based systems in core network & three DMZ’s Separate customer interfaces for systems on Internet and WAN DMZ, no direct customer access to core network incoming data pulled from DMZ) Replicated nodes in two resilient computer halls Automatic application failover between nodes with no data or service loss Single service address for each node pair Virus-scanned, hardened systems, centrally system-monitored Commodity servers and mirrored local storage, fibre interconnected. Use of DWD’s ‘AFD’ dissemination engine and monitoring tools. Support for multiple protocols (FTP, Secure, HTTP, SMTP etc)

10. © Crown copyright Met Office Present Data types on NESDIS Link Data TypePlatform File headerMB /dayFiles AMSU-A Level 1B NOAA-ATOVS nss.amax13873 AMSU-B Level 1B NOAA-ATOVS nss.ambx29943 HIRS Level 1B NOAA-ATOVS nss.hirx31173 MHS Microwave Humidity Sounder NOAA-ATOVS nss.mhsx19729 HIRS Level 1B (AVHRR mapped to HIRS grid) NOAA-ATOVS npr.atav9743 NCEP SST derived from AVHRR (100Km) NOAA-ATOVS prd.sst.field31 QuikScat Seawinds scatterometer data NASA/JPL npr.qbuf22028 AIRS Brightness temperatures NASA –EOS-2 (Aqua) npr.aibt154219 AMSU-A Brightness temperatures NASA –EOS-2 (Aqua) npr.aubt9209 SSM/I Brightness temperatures DSMP npr.sdrr144219 SSMIS Level 1c DSMP npr.td{E,I,L, U}b 674118 Ozone, retrieved profiles and/or total column from SBUV DSMP prd.ozone.p mf 760 WindSat NPR_E068. WS 10214 COSMIC bfrPrf_C004151360 Total (wef 11 Sep 2008) 23702489

11. © Crown copyright Met Office FTP File Switch - migration completing All inputs now to Dart NESDIS input is routed automatically, using WAN OR Internet links, (auto backup). Dart can distribute using fixed links (RMDCN or Frame Relay etc) or Internet Dart components dissemination: 250GB, 500,000 files /day 400 customer destinations Netlink: (Legacy VMS systems) Scheduled retirement Oct 2008 after ~ 16 years ( four upgrades).

12. © Crown copyright Met Office Present Data Volumes NESDIS Link

13. © Crown copyright Met Office Dart FTP data: NOAA - (NESDIS) Suitland Availability of link 7/2006- 9/2008 (Internet backup used during NESDIS move until link resumed) Typical daily usage pattern – some bandwidth available

14. © Crown copyright Met Office File transfer links with NESDIS Issues : (Outage for period of six weeks due to fault condition) Automatic usage of backup pathway via the Internet during link outage (Jan to mid Feb 2008) Trials of Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) site successful. Priority data feeds successfully tested from alternate site using Internet access (SSMIS and ATAV not tested).

15. © Crown copyright Met Office Supercomputing - NEC SX6, SX8 [2004-March 2009] IBM Power 5 & Power 6 [Nov 2008 -> See http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/corporate/pressoffice/2005/pr20050412.html Theoretical peak power of 16 billion calculations per second per processor

16. © Crown copyright Met Office IBM Power 5 & 6 Supercomputer Phased upgrade during 2009 6x initial speed-up Phase 2 in 2011, further 3x increase on initial. Funded on ‘UK PLC’ (not Met Office) cost-benefits Funding from Met Office, Govt stakeholders and NERC contributions 1.2 MWatt 125 TFLOP (23 fold inc)

17. © Crown copyright Met Office UM Changes ModelNow20092010201120122013 Global40km 25km 18km 50 levels* (*Dec 20070 70 levels 100 levels N At Eur12km8km 5km 50 levels70 levels 100 levels UK4km1.5km ~0.8km 50 levels70 levels 100 levels Specialist 0.25km 100 levels

18. © Crown copyright Met Office Questions and answers