1. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn High Reliable Industrial Wireless Sensor Network Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Haibin Yu

2. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Outline Introduction of SIA WSN group Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks –Why Wireless –Challenges –Our Solutions –Future Applications

3. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn WSN group of SIA Founded on 2003 People –3 Professors –5 Associate Professors –6 Assistant Professors –12 Ph.D Students –4 Master Students Active Member –Zigbee Alliance –ISA SP100 SIA is host unit of the working group of Chinese Industrial Wireless Communication Standard for Measurement and Control

4. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Research Areas CSMA MACTDMA MACHybrid MAC Data Centric RoutingGeographic Routing Time SynchronizationLocalization Distributed Data Processing Technology Research Applications Research Building AutomationAsset TrackingEnvironment Monitoring Industrial Automation Sensor Network Testbed Atmega128/CC1000Atmega128/CC2420Msp430/CC2420

5. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Our Testbed

6. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Project: Surveillance Systems To detect and track vehicle movement Funded by NSFC

7. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Project: Secure Container Sensing and Monitoring System To detect intruders & record. Funded by China International Marine Containers LTD.

8. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Project: Greenhouse Environment Monitoring System To continuously gather environment information for automatic control. Funded by NSFC

9. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Our Research Approach Research from a “system” view –Imagine a plausible future –Create an approximation of that vision using technology that exists. –Measure the distance between ideal and reality –Solve the problems Empirical experiments Quantitative measurement and analysis Analytics and Foundations

10. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn The Tomorrow WSN Replacing most wired sensor and actuator systems Characteristics –Wired-like reliability –Years’ life with battery power –Guaranteed performance

11. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Where is the Bar? 99% x 10uA + 1% x 10mA => 110 uA is baseline, 20 uA is research goal The idle listening problem! Lifetime Performance The distributed multi-hop resource allocation problem! IEEE 802.15.4 superframes/beacon is broken, Hybrid TDMA/CSMA MAC for Mesh Topology will be dominant MAC Reliability The vulnerable wireless channel and fallible platform problem! Networking Intelligence to improve reliability & Safe TinyOS

12. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Our Cut-In Point High Reliable Industrial Wireless Sensor Network

13. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn The Opportunity of WSN in Industrial Automation

14. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn The Opportunity of WSN in Industrial Automation

15. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Technical Requirements

16. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Industrial Environment

17. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Harsh Environment challenge RF

18. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Self-organizing high reliable Mesh network –Frequency diversity to enable transmission to “hop” across all available channels and navigate interference –Path diversity with multiple parents for each node to navigate physical obstruction –Time synchronized transmission to guarantee retries within deadline SIA Solutions – Embedded Networking Intelligence

19. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn SIA proposal for ISA SP100 Presented at ISA SP100 CFP meeting IEEE 802.15.4 2.4GHz Radio Channel Hopping TDMA/CSMA Hybrid MAC Mesh Routing Management Decentralized Network

20. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Time Synchronized Channel Hopping (TSCH) Combination of DSSS and FHSS –All devices perform synchronized channel hopping along the same CH sequence. –Neighbor devices within two- hop radio range operate on different channels in each CH slot by choosing a specific CH start point when joining the network –In each CH slot, Sender jumps to the receiver’s operating channel to transmit packet using CSMA/CA algorithm Channel 0 Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 4...... A B C D A － >C A － >B B － >D

21. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Benefit of TSCH Take advantage of the multi-channel capability of 802.15.4 radio –Coexistence with other wireless devices in the same band CH can sidestep channels being interfered –Increases the bandwidth utilization Reduce the size of the conflict zone Channel Hopper

22. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn A Hybrid CSMA/TDMA MAC Components –Slot a unit of time of fixed duration used to send or receive one packet and an accompanying acknowledgement. –Frame Comprising a set of slots. On the basis of 802.15.4 superframe Including CAP and CFP –Cycle: A collection of frames repeating in time. The number of frames in a given cycle is determined by the latency requirement of time-driven traffic. The Network may contain several concurrent cycles of different sizes

23. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Frame Structure A long CFP and a short CAP CFP –Some slots is assigned to be active according to the transmission schedule for time-driven traffic. –Router will be sleep in other slots. CAP –Router will keep active for event-driven traffic, time synchronization and routing maintenance. Frame CFP CAP Inactive Slot Active Slot

24. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Cycle Structure Task: Routing: Transmission Schedule –Assume the duration of a frame is 2 second. AB 1 packet/ 10 second A A1A2 B Cycle Frame 1 Frame 2Frame 3Frame 4Frame 5 A  A1A1  A2A2  A3 A2 A3  B

25. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Multi-path robust routing Each device has at least two parents –All neighbors who are nearer to the gateway than me can be the next-hop of my upstream route. –If one next-hop fails, other candidates can replace to be in charge of forwarding

26. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Network Manager Functions of Network Manger –Network forming and configuration –Time slot scheduling and channels management –Routing management –Network status diagnosis and optimization –Security management

27. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Distributed Network Management Coordination among local managers –the network’s resources are divided and allocated to distributed local managers Now –Centralized coordination Future –Local coordination Centralized Manager Local Manager

28. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Demo System A 20 nodes - Field Network –A component of fluidized bed boiler control system –Consists of 10 Wireless Temperature Transmitters and 10 Wireless Pressure Transmitter. Running from 2007/12/30 to Now

29. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Future Directions these industries that wireless technology offers potential solutions to many of the problems associated with deploying sensors in areas previously thought unsuitable or too expensive for a network of sensors. –context dependent anticipatory maintenance and system health monitoring can now be addressed at the plant or enterprise level paradigm shifts in sensor deployment philosophy. –process flow-through sensors –peel-and-stick devices –embedded-and-shipped systems

30. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Killing Application - PAM Monitor asset health, typically sensing in real time Assess to predict potential problems Optimize maintenance and operations decisions Sense Assess Decide Act Wireless sensors Wired sensors Virtual sensors Historians Predictive analytics Condition monitoring Trending Preventative maintenance Predictive maintenance Run to failure Reliability-centered maintenance Enterprise Asset Management (EAM) Computerized Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS) Feedback / Improve

31. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn An Example Condition monitoring (motor, compressor)

32. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Wireless Enabled PAM Benefits -60-40-2002040 Unplanned Breakdowns Spare Parts Inventory Costs Production Downtime Product Defects Plant Availability Workforce Efficiency Asset Performance % Improvement Beyond Maintenance Source: ARC Advisory Group Huge Opportunity for Users to Improve

33. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn Thank You!