2.  Looked to achieve social programs through political reform.  Movement arose with urban, middle class

3.  Helping the poor by improving working conditions and cleaning up slums – social reform  Remove corruption from government – political reform  End business abuses that brought wealth to a few and destroyed free enterprise – economic reform

4.  Journalists who exposed economic, social, and political abuses in society  Middle/upper class individuals

6.  1856 – 1915  Political activist  Social reformer  Wanted gradual integration of blacks into society  Encouraged blacks to learn a vocation

7.  1868 – 1963  Political activist  Social reformer  Wanted immediate integration of blacks into society  Stressed higher education (college)  Founded NAACP

8.  1887 – 1940  Political activist  Social reformer  Led a “Back to Africa” movement  Wanted to create an African nation- state

9.  1895 – 1937  Singer  Social reformer  Greatest classic blues singer of the 1920’s  Popular with whites & blacks

10.  1862 – 1931  Writer  Social & Political reformer  Edited/co-owner of local black newspaper  Used paper to attack evils of lynching

12.  1860 – 1935  Social reformer  Founded Hull House › Center for a higher civic & social life & improve conditions in industrial districts  Aided new immigrants & the poor

13.  1859 – 1947  Social reformer  Organized the NWSA  Worked for women’s suffrage

14.  1820 – 1906  Social reformer  Fought for women’s right to vote  19 th Amendment

15.  1879 – 1966  Author  Social reformer  Fought for legalization of birth control  Promoted sex education

16.  1864 – 1922  Author  Social reformer  Real name Elizabeth Cochran  Journalist for the NY World  Committed herself to an asylum to expose abuses  Traveled the world in 72 days… beat record of 80

18.  1870 – 1902  Author/Muckraker  Economic reformer  Wrote The Epic of Wheat (problems between farmers & railroads)

19.  1878 – 1968  Author/muckraker  Social reformer  Wrote The Jungle (exposed the meat packing industry)

20.  1857 – 1944  Author/muckraker  Economic  Wrote The History of Standard Oil (Exposed Rockefeller and broke up his monopoly)

21.  1849 – 1914  Muckraker, author  Social reformer  Wrote How the Other Half Lives (Picture book on the inner city ghettos)

23.  1840 – 1902  Muckraker, political cartoonist  Political reformer  Exposed corruption in cities (Tweed)  Came up with the donkey & elephant symbol for the political parties

25.  1823 – 1878  Political machine boss  NOT A REFORMER  Ran Tammany Hall (lots of corruption)

26.  1855 – 1925  Wisconsin Politician  Political reformer  Wanted to reform gov’t & end corruption (recall, referendum, initiative etc.)  Adopted some Populist goals

27.  Special election to get rid of a gov’t official

28.  People get to vote on an issue proposed by legislature

29.  People can propose laws to be voted on

30.  1866 – 1936  Muckraker, author  Political reformer  Wrote The Shame of Cities (Exposed corruption in government)

32.  1847 – 1911  Journalist, publisher  Owned & published the NY World Yellow Journalism  Utilized Yellow Journalism (sensationalized stories to grab readers)

33.  1863 – 1951  Owned the San Francisco Examiner  Turned newspaper into a combination of reformist investigative reporting & exaggerated news (National Enquirer)

35.  1859 – 1952  Educator & philosopher  Social reformer  Prepare children to become good citizens of democracy  Work had profound impact on education in the U.S. & abroad

36.  1850 – 1917  Nun  Social reformer  Founded 67 schools, hospitals, orphanages, & missions, one for every year in her life

37.  1839 – 1898  Social reformer  Organized the WCTU (Women’s Christian Temperance Union)  Helped form the Prohibition Party

39.  Competitors joined together to form the greatest show on earth

40.  1835 - 1910  Novelist & humorist  Known for The Adventures of Tom Sawyer; Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, etc.

41.  Entrepreneur  Social  Brought department store concept to America

42.  Entrepreneur  Introduced the “chain store”  Sold goods for less and limited personal service

43.  Entrepreneur  Social Reformer  Brought retail merchandise to small towns by using catalogs  You could even order a house!

45.  Set down the rules for the modern day game of baseball  Became “America’s pastime “

46.  Bicycle manufactures  Built a 4-cylinder internal combustion engine, w/ propeller and biplane  First successful flight 12/17/1903 @ Kitty Hawk, NC

47.  Architect/city planner  Headed movement for planned urban parks  Designed Central Park (lots of stuff in Buffalo too!)

48. Invented a camera in which everyone could use and afford