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Energy Dr Michael McCann Centre for Sustainable Technologies (Professor Neil J Hewitt)

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Presentation on theme: "Energy Dr Michael McCann Centre for Sustainable Technologies (Professor Neil J Hewitt)"— Presentation transcript:

1 Energy Dr Michael McCann Centre for Sustainable Technologies (Professor Neil J Hewitt)

2 “Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be changed from one form to another.”

3 How is energy transferred? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OBVbV5dpCCA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fe_fFFrVl7U Energy transfer through heat Energy transfer in different forms

4 Energy transfers  Global state of energy reserves  Consequences of energy use  UK and Ireland Challenges  Renewables  Smart systems

5 Global status of conventional energy sources  Oil  Gas  Coal  Nuclear  Electricity  Overall electricity use

6 Oil

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14 Gas

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18 Major gas trade movements

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20 Coal

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23 Nuclear Energy

24 Nuclear energy Nuclear energy means the energy of an atomic nucleus, which can be released by fusion or fission or radioactive decay http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3rn339v_Q-w http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3rn339v_Q-w Well controlled-electricityOut of control-disaster

25 Nuclear energy consumption by region

26 Hydroelectricity

27 Hydroelectricity consumption by region Three gorges dam in China

28 What is renewable energy? It comes from resources which are continually replenished on a human timescale such as: sunlightsunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heatwindraintideswavesgeothermal heat

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31 Primary energy

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35 Consequences  Poverty  Environment  Security  Costs

36 Poverty

37 Environment Global temperature increases

38 Energy security

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40 Energy investment $22 Trillion!

41 WHAT MIGHT WE DO IN THE UK & IRELAND? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25bmXpEPosc What is Germany doing?

42 Drivers for Energy Changes  UK has a target to reduce carbon emissions by 80% by 2050 1.Maintaining a secure energy system 2.Providing affordable energy 3.Enabling economic growth 4.Limiting impact on the environment

43 Challenges for Energy  The key challenge is to rapidly decarbonise our energy supply  Increase the efficiency of buildings, industry and transport  Develop/enhance existing networks/infrastructure to support the changing face of energy  Accelerate the development and deployment of affordable green energy technologies

44 UK Energy consumption by sector

45 UK Low Carbon Transition Plan  34% cut in CO 2 emissions by 2020  7M homes insulated  1.5M homes generating electricity  40% electricity is low carbon  Halving gas imports  Reducing car emissions by 40%  etc

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47 Technologies?  Solar photovoltaics  Wind turbines  Small scale hydro  Solar hot water  Ground source heat pumps  Air source heat pumps  Biomass  Micro-chp  Wave/Tidal  etc

48 Wind Energy? Off shore wind farm On shore wind farm

49 European offshore wind atlas

50 Wind Impacts

51 Forecasting Accuracy Wind energy can be simulated using CFD technology

52 Electricity Price

53 ELECTRIC VEHICLES The Elephant in the Room?

54 Vehicles…..  Charge electricity/time: 100 miles distance  Cost of unit of electricity 10p off-peak 20p peak  If using off-peak electricity, electricity costs equivalent to a tank of petrol: €2 to €5,

55 Issues to consider…  What is the % of vehicles that use is under 50km (return)?  Can battery easily meet most daily needs?  But occasional needs for longer journey both actual and psychological?  Plug-in Hybrids  Battery Electric Vehicles  Battery Exchange  Fast Charging of Battery

56 Fast Charging  Issues with heat management and electrical safety  80% charge (125 km) in 30 minutes  European Standard underway

57 SMART GRIDS Definitions etc…. A smart grid uses information and communications technology to gather and act on information of the suppliers and consumers, in an automated fashion to improve the efficiency, reliability, economics, and sustainability of the production and distribution of electricityinformation and communications technology

58 What is a Smart Grid?

59 Plug-in hybrid electric cars Added green power sources Smart thermostats, appliances and in-home control devices Real-time and green pricing Signals High-speed, networked connections Customer interaction with utility The Smart House?

60 Conclusions  Network will change  Wind resources  Tidal and Wave to come  Smart metering an invention of bad policy  Can we afford them?  Can we afford not to? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cJ-J91SwP8w Thanks for your attention


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