1. Integrating Vector Particle Physics with the Dodecahedron Quark Ball and the Octahedral Hexagonal Fractal ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 By William R Hohenberger Natural Philosophy Alliance April 6, 2013 Internet Video Presentation

2. Table of Contents Part 1 – The Electromagnetic Wave Part 2 – The Octahedral Hexagonal Fractal Part 3 – Electron Cube Vs Octahedral Hexagonal Fractal Part 4 – Other Considerations Part 5 – Summary ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

3. 1.There is an aether that pervades all of the spaces within the universe including both the material and the nonmaterial worlds. Therefore, aether is a real substance!!! 2.Aether is a hyper-dynamic, non-homogeneous, elastic substance that contians a myriad of plethora's of various field structures, as holistic arrays of constantly changing motions and structures. I describe them as Field Vector Arrays. 3.Aether has a fine structure within which the smallest electromagnetic wave or highest frequency that can be manifested is directly related to or is a derivative of Planck's Length. I use the name ‘energy cell’ or ‘Aetheron’. 4.The electromagnetic wave is a rotating oscillating system within the aether with up to three generations of concentric waves. Of prime importance is the two generational dual concentric wave. 5.Assuming that aether is an elastic continuum, then whatever occurs in the inner (light) wave, the opposite must occur in the outer (dark) wave. This is a mechanical Universe. 6.Particles are fractal structures condensed from individual energy cells (aetherons) that are built from scalar multiples of the smallest electromagnetic wave at Planck's Frequency. Therefore, particles are condensed aether(ons). Some Basic Rules & Assumptions ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

4. Part 1 The Electromagnetic Wave

5. Static Energy (potential energy – zero velocity)Dynamic Energy (kinetic energy) PendulumLeft Side Height of PendulumForward Velocity – No Static Energy Right Side Height of PendulumReverse Velocity – No Static Energy Water WavePositive Height of water Forward Circular Motion of Water Negative Height of water Backwards Circular Motion of Water Clock Timing SpringTension of spring – No velocityForward Velocity of Rotational Mass (rotary oscillating system)Compression of spring – No velocityReverse Velocity of Rotational Mass (Electrostatic Energy – Charge)(Electromagnetic Energy - Motion) Electromagnetic WaveTension of Aether – No aethereal velocityForward Rotation of Aethereal Mass (rotary oscillating system) Compression of Aether – No aethereal velocityReverse Rotation of Aethereal Mass Various Oscillating Systems ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

6. Eq. 7.2 S = 0.5 (E x H) Eq. 7.3S = 0.5 ⋅ [(sinφ ⋅ E) ⋅ (sinφ ⋅ H) + (cosφ ⋅ H) ⋅ (cosφ ⋅ E)] Lockyer’s Summary A vector structure for the photon has been deduced that explains all of the questions raised by the paradox of electric E and magnetic H field strengths showing a paradoxical in- phase (sine/sine) that would not result in a lossless transport of the photon’s stored energy. The traveling wave of electromagnetic energy was shown to be the symbiosis of two conjugate resonances, and the paradoxes were explained logically by using a trigo- nometric identity (sin 2 φ + cos 2 φ =1). Chapter 7 - ENERGY (PHOTON) STRUCTURE Equation 7.2 gives the classic sinusoidal Poynting vector S effective power density value at a single peak value, but does not show the correct nature of the photon, over all cycle time. The correct sinusoidal mathematics that describes the above graphics is given in the trigonometric identity, Equation 7.3; Equation 7.3 gives the same effective value, as Equation 7.2, for the S Poynting vector, but uses the correct photon conjugate vector structure. From Tom Lockyer’s VPP, Pages 65 & 68

7. In Figure 7.1, the traveling wave appears, to our relativistic distorted view, to be in phase (100 percent power factor) on account of the time coincidence, between the E and H peak values. This (100 percent power factor) is not reality, because the vacuum is reactive, making the Poynting vectors E and H time coincidence inconsistent with the required (sine/cosine) reactive relationship. Also, in violation of nature, the energy seems to disappear, as E and H go to zero twice each cycle in the traveling wave. This energy disappearance is not natural, the photon energy is known to be continuous, not discontinuous as it appears, when viewed from our stationary frame of reference. Refer to Figure 7.1, the traveling wave paradox, of lost energy twice each cycle, as E and H identically pass through zero, is explained by using two conjugate resonances. The photon is a symbiosis of (two) E to H and H to E resonances combined into the axial (S) vector. This symbiosis not only gives the lateral (sine/sine) power factor but also gives the axial (cosine/cosine) loss-less resonances from each conjugate, separately, effectively storing the energy resonantly. Lateral events are not distorted by relativistic effects, so we do see the lateral E, H as they appear in both the stationary view and the relativistic view of the Poynting vector, as (sine/sine). The Lorentz-Fitzgerald contraction makes (S) appear to be zero briefly, from our stationary frame of view. Thus relativity modifies the classical equation for photon power density given in (Equation 7.2) into that shown in (Equation 7.3.) From Tom Lockyer’s VPP, Pages 65 & 66 Lockyer’s Explanation of Sine/Sine Paradox

8. 360° Graph of an Electromagnetic Wave ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

9. 360° Graph of an Electromagnetic Wave ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

10. 1 st Generation EM Wave – (The Inner Light Wave) LIGHT WAVE

11. ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 DARK WAVE 2 nd Generation EM Wave – (The Outer Dark Wave)

12. ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Combined Concentric Light & Dark 2 nd Generation EM Wave

13. 360° Graph of an Electromagnetic Wave ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

14. Quark Ball with a Baryon Octet Spin Vectors Method for Developing the DBQ Dodecahedron Quark Ball Dodecahedron Quark Ball Baryon Octet ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

15. Baryon Octet & Decuplet Families Meson Family Baryon Decuplet Baryon Octet DBQ Dodecahedron Quark Ball Particle Correlations ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

16. Poynting Vector Relationship to Dual Concentric Waves From Tom Lockyer’s VPP, Page 71

17. From Tom Lockyer’s VPP, Page 70 Vector Development

18. ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 From Tom Lockyer’s VPP Vector Analysis

19. ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Constructing an Octahedron

20. VPP Electron Cube Compared to DBQ Dodecahedron Quark Ball ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

21. Transposition Graphs ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

22. Transposition Graphs ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

23. Transposition Graphs ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

24. Electromagnetic Photon Stores Energy Resonantly The photon resonant structure conserves and transports energy over vast distances, in the vacuum of space, with no apparent losses. (Rather than tired light, the red shift is thought to be a Doppler effect from an expanding universe.) The energy is alternately stored in the inductance (L = μ o λ ) and the capacitance is (C = ε o λ ) of the vacuum. For any frequency (f) the wavelength is (λ = c / f ) and the corresponding space inductance is (L = μ o λ ) and capacitance (C = ε o λ) and their combinations are analogous to the familiar (LC) electrical resonant circuit. From Tom Lockyer’s VPP, Page 67 Lockyer’s Explanation of Photon Resonant Light Energy

25. Part 2 The Octahedral Hexagonal Fractal ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

26. N S = π / NS = sin π / N r 1 / r 2 r 1 / r r 2 / r 12.26179939.2588190451.86370331.349198186.650801814 11.28559933.2817325571.55946553.392239074.607760926 10.31415927.3090169941.23606799.447213595.552786405 9.34906585.342020143.923804400.519803365.480196635 8.39269908.382683432.613125930.619914404.380085596 7.44879895.433883739.304764871.766421615.233578385 6.52359878.500000000 0 1 0 ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Chart of Various Twist-Loop Fractals

27. o r2r1 r2r1 r R1R1 R2R2 R O 2r 2Θ R First, Second, & Third Generations of an 11 Twist-Loop Fractal ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

28. First & Second Generation 7 Twist-Loop Fractal ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

29. First and Second Generation 9.5 Twist-Loop Fractal ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

30. First, Second, & Third Generation Hexagonal Fractal ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

31. The Hexagonal Fractal ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

32. The Octahedral Hexagonal Fractal and the Dodecahedron Quark Ball

33. ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Sierpinksi’s Pyramid & The Octahedral Hexagonal Fractal

34. Part 3 (VPP) Electron Cube Vs (OHF) Octagonal Hexagonal Fractal ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

35. R.707R = R c.5R = R m Volume Cube = R 3 Volume Cylinder (Rotating Cube) =  (.707R) 2 x R =  R 3 /2 = ( /2) R 3 ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Cube Vs Octahedron

36. If you are talking about logarithmic variables then 1.618 and.618 are important numbers, since the natural logarithm of each number is the same except for the sign; However, if you are talking about mass structures then 1.414 and.707 are important, since 1.4142/.7071 = 2 the same multiplier for the hexagonal fractal. ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 The Phi Pyramid

37. Lockyer’s Calculated Results for Electron Charge From Tom Lockyer’s VPP, Pages 72 & 76

38. R c =.70 7R R R m =.5 R R c =.70 7R Rc=RRc=R R R m =.70 7R Volume (Octahedron) =1/3 x (.707R) 2 x R = 1/3 x R 2 /2 x R = R 3 /6 Vol (Rotating Octahedron) =  /3 x (.5R) 2 x R =  /3 x R 2 /4 x R =  R 3 /12 = ( /2) R 3 /6 Volume (Octahedron) = 1/3 x (R) 2 x √2R = 1/3 x R 2 x √2(R) = (2√2)R 3 /6 = (√2/3)R 3 Vol (Rotating Octahedron) =  /3 x (.707R) 2 x 1.414R =  /3 x R 2 /2 x √2R = (2√2)( /2) R 3 /6 =√2  R 3 /6 = ( /2)( √2/3)R 3 Volume (Octahedron) = 1 /3 x (1.414R) 2 x 2R = 1 /3 x 2R 2 x 2R = (2√2)(2√2)R 3 /6 = 8R 3 /6 (2√2)(√2/3)R 3 = (4/3)R 3 Vol (Rotating Octahedron). =  /3 x (R) 2 x 2R = 2  R 3 /3 = 2√2( /2)( √2/3)R 3 = ( /2) 4/3R 3 ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Comparing Octahedron Volumes Volume Cube = R 3 Volume Rotating Cube = ( /2) R 3

39. Surface Area (Octahedron) = 8 x (√2/2)R/2 x √3(√2/2)R/2 = √3R 2 SA (Rotating Octahedron) = 2[  x (1/2) R x (√2/2)R] = (√2/2)  R 2 Surface Area (Octahedron) = 8 x R/2 x √3R/2 = 2√3R 2 SA (Rotating Octahedron) = 2[  x (√2/2)R x R = √2  R 2 Surface Area (Octahedron) = 8 x √2R/2 x √3√2R/2 = 4√3R 2 SA (Rotating Octahedron). = 2[  x R x √2R] = 2√2  R 2 ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Comparing Octahedron Surface Area Surface Area = 6R 2 Volume Cube = R 3 Surface Area 2 Ends Rotating Cube =  R 2 Volume Rotating Cube = ( /2) R 3 Surface Area Sides Rotating Cube = 2√2  R 2 R c =.70 7R R R m =.5 R R c =.70 7R Rc=RRc=R R R m =.70 7R

40. Vol. (Rotating Octahedron) = ( /2) R 3 /6 1/6 #.166 1/# 6.0 √1/# 2.4449 SA (Rotating Octahedron) (√2/2)R 2 #.7071 Vol. (Rotating Octahedron) = (√2/3)( /2) R 3 √2/3.4714 2.1213 1.4565 SA (Rotating Octahedron) = √2  R 2 1.4142 Vol. (Rotating Octahedron) = (4/3)( /2) R 3 4/3 1.3333.7500.8660 SA (Rotating Octahedron). = 2√2  R 2 2.8284 ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Comparing Octahedrons R c =.70 7R R R m =.5 R R c =.70 7R Rc=RRc=R R R m =.7 07R Surface Area = 6R 2 Volume Cube = R 3 Surface Area 2 Ends Rotating Cube =  R 2 Volume Rotating Cube = ( /2) R 3 Surface Area Sides Rotating Cube = 2√2  R 2

41. R c =.707 R R R m =.5R R c =.707 R Vol. (Rotating Octahedron) = ( √2/3)(/2)R 3 #.4714.0061728395 1/# 2.1213162 √1/# 1.456512.72792206 Surface Area (Rotating Octahedron) = √2R 2 # 1.41420.785674201 ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Deriving the Octahedron Correction Scaling Factor 1/ √[1/(√2/3)R 3 ] = √2R 2 1 = √[3/√2R 3 √2R 2 1 = 3/√2R 3 2R 4 1 = (6/√2)R R = √2/6 = (1/3)(1/ √2) R = (√ 2/6] = 0.23570226034 =.3333333333/√2 0.23570226034( √2) =.33333333333 Volume Cube = R 3 Volume Rotating Cube = ( /2) R 3 Surface Area = 6R 2 Surface Area 2 Ends Rotating Cube =  R 2 Surface Area Sides Rotating Cube = 2√2  R 2

42. Vol. (Rotating Octahedron) = (1/6)(/2)R 3 #.1666.0061728395062 1/# 6.0000162 √1/# 2.449412.72792206135 Surface Area (Rotating Octahedron) = (√2/2)R 2 #.7071.0758674201318 ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Deriving the Octahedron Correction Scaling Factor 1/√[1/(1/6)R 3 ] = (√2/2)R 2 1/√[6/R 3 ] = (√2/2)R 2 1 = √[6/R 3 ] (√2/2)R 2 1 = [6/R 3 ] (1/2)R 4 1 = (6/2)R R = 1/3 R =.33333333333333 Volume Cube = R 3 Volume Rotating Cube = (/2) R 3 Surface Area = 6R 2 Surface Area 2 Ends Rotating Cube =  R 2 Surface Area Sides Rotating Cube = 2√2  R 2

43. ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Calculating Octahedron Electron Charge Js = 5.97441869080294 x 10 -16 Vol 2 = [. 006172839506173 ]Vol. Vol 2 =.055834706642392 x 10 -38 Pe = 641.5671442167432 x 10 -30 E = 49.16276958706 x 10 16 D = 43.529639552774 x 10 5 SA = L2 [. 0785674201318 ] SA =.368065646670 x 10 -25 e = 1.60217648697431 x 10 -19

44. Volume Sphere = 4/3 ( Radius) 3 = (4/3)(R/2) 3 = (4/3)(1/8)R 3 = (1/3)(/2)R 3 # 0.3333.0123456790123 1/# 3.000081 √1/# 1.73219 Surface Area Sphere = 4 ( Radius) 2 = 4(R/2) 2 = R 2 # 1.0000.11111111111111 ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Deriving the inside Sphere Correction Scaling Factor 1/√[1/(1/3)R 3 ] = R 2 1/√[3/R 3 ] = R 2 1 = √[3/R 3 ] R 2 1 = [3/R 3 ] R 4 1 = 3R R = 1/3 R = 0.33333333333.5R R Volume Cube = R 3 Volume Rotating Cube = (/2) R 3 Surface Area = 6R 2 Surface Area 2 Ends Rotating Cube =  R 2 Surface Area Sides Rotating Cube = 2√2  R 2

45. Volume Sphere = 4/3  R 3 = (4/3)  (√5R/2) 3 = (5√5/3)( /2) R 3 # 3.7268.0123456790123 1/# 0.2683 81 √1/# 0.5180 9 Surface Area Sphere = 4  R 2 = 4 (√5R/2 ) 2 = 5 R 2 # 5.0000.11111111111111 ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Deriving the Sphere Correction Scaling Factor 1/√[1/(5√5/3)R 3 ] = 5R 2 1/√[(3/5√5)/R 3 ] = 5R 2 1 = √[( 3/5√5)/ R 3 ] 5R 2 1 = [(3/5√5)/R 3 ] 25R 4 1 = [(3/√5)] 5R = [(15/√5)R R = √5/15 R = √5/15 = (√5/5)(1/3)= √5R = 1/3 R =.1490711984999 R.√5R/2 Volume Cube = R 3 Volume Rotating Cube = ( /2) R 3 Surface Area = 6R 2 Surface Area 2 Ends Rotating Cube =  R 2 Surface Area Sides Rotating Cube = 2√2  R 2

46. Volume Rotating VPP Cube (Cylinder) [( √2/2)R] 2 R = ( /2) R 3 # 1.00001.00000000 1/# 1.00001.00000000 √1/# 1.00001.00000000 Surface Area 2 Ends of Cylinder = (2)  R 2 = 2 [( √2/2)R] 2 =  R 2 # 1.00001.000000000 ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Deriving the VPP Cube Correction Scaling Factor 1/√[1/R 3 ] = R 2 1 = √[1/R 3 ] R 2 1 = [1/R 3 ] R 4 1 = R R = 1. 00000 R c =.707R R R m =.5R Volume Cube = R 3 Volume Rotating Cube = ( /2) R 3 Surface Area = 6R 2 Surface Area 2 Ends Rotating Cube =  R 2 Surface Area Sides Rotating Cube = 2√2  R 2

47. Volume VPP Cylinder = (  /2)R 3 # 1.0000.00031759795 1/# 1.00003148.6349186 √1/# 1.000056.112698372 Surface Area VPP Cylinder = (2√2+1)  R 2 # 3.8284.01782127805 ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Deriving the VPP Entire Cylinder Correction Scaling Factor 1/√[1/R 3 ] = ((2√2+1)R 2 1 = √[1/R 3 ] ((2√2+1)R 2 1 = [1/R 3 ] (8+4√2+1)R 4 1 = (9+4√2)R R = 1 /(9+4√2) R = 1/14.65685424 R = 0.0682274642 R c =.707R R R m =.5R Volume Cube = R 3 Volume Rotating Cube = ( /2) R 3 Surface Area = 6R 2 Surface Area 2 Ends Rotating Cube =  R 2 Surface Area Sides Rotating Cube = 2√2  R 2

48. Type R Scaling Factor Compton Frequency Rot. VPP Cube 1.000000000000 1.0 Blue Rot. Octahedron 0.333333333333 3.0 Inside Sphere 0.333333333333 3.0 Comparative Data for Various Polyhedrons ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013.5 R R R c =.7 70R R R m =.5R

49. .5 R R Sphere Volume = (4/3) (Radius) 3 = (4/3) (R/2) 3 = (4/3) (1/8)R 3 = (1/3)(/2)R 3 Surface Area = 4 (Radius) 2 = 4 (1/4)R 2 = R 2 Rotating Octahedron (2 Cones) Volume = /3 (Radius) 2 (Height) = /3 (R/2) 2 R = /3 (1/4)R 2 R = (1/6)(/2)R 3 Surface Area = 2[ (Radius) (Side)] = 2 x (1/2)R x ( √2/2) R = ( √2/2) R 2 ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 VPP Rotating Cube Volume =  (Radius) 2 (Height) =  (√2/2) 2 R 2 R =  (1/2)R 2 R = (/2)R 3 Surface Area (2 Ends) = 2[ (Radius) 2 ] = 2[ x ( √2 /2) 2 R 2 ] = R 2 Comparative Data for Various Polyhedrons

50. Volume Sphere = 4/3(Radius) 3 = (4/3)(R/2) 3 = (4/3)(1/8)R 3 = [(3)](1/3)(/2)R 3 # 1.00001.0000 1/# 1.00001.0000 √1/# 1.00001.0000 Surface Area Sphere = 4 ( Radius) 2 = 4(R/2) 2 = R 2 # 1.00001.0000 ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Deriving the Triple Sphere Correction Scaling Factor 1/√[1/R 3 ] = R 2 1 = √[1/R 3 ] R 2 1 = [1/R 3 ] R 4 1 = R R = 1 Volume Cube = R 3 Volume Rotating Cube = (/2) R 3 Surface Area = 6R 2 Surface Area 2 Ends Rotating Cube =  R 2 Surface Area Sides Rotating Cube = 2√2  R 2

51. Volume (Rotating Octahedron) = [(3)](1/6)(/2)R 3 #0.50000.50000 1/# 2.00002.00000 √1/# 1.41421.414213562373 Surface Area (Rotating Octahedron) = (√2/2)R 2 #.7071.7071067811865 ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Deriving the Triple Octahedron Correction Scaling Factor 1/√[1/(1/2)R 3 ] = (√2/2)R 2 1/√[2/R 3 ] = (√2/2)R 2 1 = √[2/R 3 ] (√2/2)R 2 1 = [2/R 3 ] (1/2)R 4 1 = R R = 1 Volume Cube = R 3 Volume Rotating Cube = (/2) R 3 Surface Area = 6R 2 Surface Area 2 Ends Rotating Cube =  R 2 Surface Area Sides Rotating Cube = 2√2  R 2

52. 1 st Generation Electron DBQ Octahedron Mass Structure with Briddell’s Field Structure Lines of Force ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

53. Part 4 Other Considerations ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

54. The Structure of Aether ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

55. Neutrinos, Electrons, Positrons & Virtual Positrons Octahedron Contains an inner Octahedron Fractal at its center ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Electron/Neutrino Virtual Positron

56. 2R/√6 =.8164R LRad Calculating Electron Charge from new Rotational Axis ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

57. Virtual Electron-Positron Lattice

58. The Structure of Aether ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

59. 1 – There is a significant congruency between Lockyer’s Vector Particle Physics (VPP) and my own Dodecahedron Quark Ball (DQB), since both are derived from a vector field analysis, although mine is of physical vector field forces within the aether. 2 – VPP generates a plethora of mathematical derivations for the electron, and DQB defines entire families of particles. 3 – Quarks are not particles but instead are field structure arrays within a dual concentric electromagnetic wave. 4 – There may be up to three generations of concentric electromagnetic waves, which form particles when three such waves from three dual concentric waves are superimposed on top of each other on x, y, z Cartesian coordinates. 5 – The quantum limit of the fine structure of the aether forces saturated energy to drop out of suspension, from which twist-loop fractals form particles of matter. 6 – Particles form from the inner electromagnetic (light) wave, and their corresponding field structures form from the outer electromagnetic (dark) wave, which are reflections or mirror images of opposites of each other. 7 – Particle mass structures are captured energy cells, while field structures are lines of force carried by free energy cells. 8 – There is still a lot of work to be done to IRREFUTABLY prove that the electron is an octahedron. ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013 Part 5 Summary

60. Part 6 Protons ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

61. Data for Electron Proton Scaling Ratios ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

62. Expanded Data for Electon Proton Scaling Ratios ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

63. A Periodic Table for Fractals ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

64. Planck’s Length Vs Octagonal Hexagonal Fractal - Fractal Scaling Ratio ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

65. Proton Mass Calculations ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

66. Proton Mass Calculations

67. The next problem is to determine how the 1,061,540,183 energy cells in Eq. 23 are structured within each of the seven generations. The solution is to take the seventh root of 2  times the proton charge radius divided by the Planck’s Length, with a result of 857.4809. This number was then rounded off to the nearest odd number of energy loops or 857, which was then divided into the number of energy cells in a single generation of the twist- loop structure to determine the number of interlaced loops. 7 √(Proton Charge Circumference/Planck’s Length) = # of Twist-Loops 7 √(2  Proton Charge Radius) = # of Twist-Loops 7 √(2 )(.8768(69)E-15/1.616252E-35 ) = 857.4809 Proton Twist-Loop Calculations ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

68. Proton Charge Radius = 8.768E-16 Charge Radius Circumference = = 2 R = 5.5091E-15 Planck’s Length = 1.616252E-35 Ratio of Cir./PL = 3.4086E+20 7 th root Cir. = 857.4809 857 Loops S = Sin /857 =.00366579 1 / S = 272.79 for 1 / 32 in. Dia. = 8.52 inches 1,061,540,183 (11 Layers) Proton Twist-Loop Calculations ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

69. Proton Structure ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013

70. Proton Loop Calculations ©WRHohenberger 1992-2013