1. Automation Testing- QTP Rajesh Charles Batch No: Date: jan-12-2014
Quality Assurance
Automation Testing- QTP
Rajesh Charles
Batch No:
Date: jan

2. Agenda (Complete Course)
Introduction
Testing Methodologies
Manual Testing
Practical Workshop
Automation Testing
Performance Testing
SQL for Beginners
Quality Center
UNIX for Beginners
Interview Practice and Mock Interview

3. Agenda (Today’s Class)
What is Automation
Difference between Manual testing and Automation Testing
What is Codding Language (VB Scripting)
Introduction to QTP
Practical Workshop

4. Software testing – Automation Testing
Automated software testing is a process in which software tools execute pre-scripted tests on a software application before it is released into production.
Pre-scripted

5. Difference between Automation and Manual Testing
Automation Testing 1
Time consuming and tedious: Since test cases are executed by human resources so it is very slow and tedious.
Fast Automation runs test cases significantly faster than human resources. 2
Huge investment in human resources: As test cases need to be executed manually so more testers are required in manual testing.
Less investment in human resources: Test cases are executed by using automation tool so less tester are required in automation testing 3
Less reliable: Manual testing is less reliable as tests may not be performed with precision each time because of human errors.
More reliable: Automation tests perform precisely same operation each time they are run. 4
Non-programmable: No programming can be done to write sophisticated tests which fetch hidden information.
Programmable: Testers can program sophisticated tests to bring out hidden information

6. What is Codding Language – VB Script
VBScript, modeled on Visual Basic, is an active scripting language developed by Microsoft VBScript is a light programming language that uses the Component Object Model to access elements of the environment within which it is running.
Component Object Model
COM or 'Component Object Model' is a method by which an application exposes its functionalities to other applications & programming languages using a set of methods and functions.
Lets Execute a VB script
VB Scripting:

7. VB Script
Integer: Whole numbers are all natural numbers including 0 e.g. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4… Integers include all whole numbers
Rational Number: Rational number but not an integer. All rational numbers belong to the real numbers
String: Strings, which are widely used in VB programming, are a sequence of characters
Decimal: Decimal Format is a concrete subclass of Number Format that formats decimal numbers
Variable: In programming, a variable is a value that can change, depending on conditions or on information passed to the program.
Eg; a=100
a=300
Where “a” is the variable
VB Scripting:

8. What is Codding Language – VB Script
What is VB? Why VB in QTP
Variables and Constants
Msgbox, Inputbox, vbCRLF
Running Scripts
Concatenation operator
Managing long Strings
Run from Step and Run to Step
For and While Loops
VB Scripting:

9. VB Script - PROCEDURES
Procedure is a set of statements that perform a specific task
VB script of 2 types of Procedures
Function Procedures
Sub Procedures
Function Procedures
A series of statement enclosed within Function and End Function
Can perform an action and return a value
Can take arguments that are passed to it by a function call
Without arguments, Functions must include an empty set of parentheses ()
Returns a value by assigning a value to its name
Function Procedures in VB script of 2 Types
User Defined Functions
In Built Functions

11. VB Script – User Defined Function
Syntax for Function : To write a Function
Function functionname (parameters, if any)
Your code here ……
End Function
Lets do an example
Syntax for Function : To call a Function
Call functionname
1. Use Call only when we don’t want the return value of the function
2. When Call is used the arguments should be put in parentheses OR
functionname
1.if the return value is going to be stored in a variable then argument should be parentheses
2.If return value is not stored then argument should not be in parentheses

12. VB Script – User Defined Function
A Function without parameter (no input)
A Function with one parameter (input to a fn)
A Function to add 2 numbers with parameters and Print the result inside the Function
Change the above Function to capture the return value outside the Function and Display
Modify the grade program using Function

13. VB Script – Advantages of Function
Code Reusability
Easier to debug
Easy to Use
Recursive call is possible
Easy to manage and change
Reduces the number of line of code in the program

14. VB Script –Function Exercises
Write a function without any parameter. Put a message box in it which should display your name. Call the function
Write a function to multiply 3 numbers. Do not pass the numbers in the function call. Declare and initialize the variables with numbers within the function. Write the msgbox to display the result within the function.
Write a function to divide 2 numbers. Pass the numbers in the function call. Write the msgbox to display the result within the function
Write a function to subtract 2 numbers. Pass the numbers in the function call. Capture the results of the function returns outside the function. Display the results outside the function
Put the above function in a function library. Pass the numbers from the test and get the results back into the test.

15. VB Script – Array Function
Array – To create an array
IsArray – Tells whether a variable is an array
Lbound – returns lower bound of an array
Ubound – returns upper bound of an array
Split – Splits or breaks a string into an array base on a delimiter
Join – Joins an array into a string using a delimiter

16. VB Script – Exist Property
Exits Property : Check whether the object currently exits in the open application
Syntax: object.Exist(Timeout)
If a timeout value is specified, QTP waits until it finds the object or until the timeout is reached.
If the value 0 is specified, the property returns the True or False value immediately
If no value is specified, the value specified in the Test Settings dialog box for the object synchronization timeout is used for test. The default is 20 seconds
File  Settings  Run  Object Synchronization Timeout

17. QTP - Synchronization
There will be situations where the application does not respond with the same speed of the test. For example
For a progress bar to reach 100%
For a button to become enabled
For a window or pop-window to open
These anticipated timing problems may cause the scripts to return inaccurate results. These problems can be handled by synchronizing the test
Synchronization makes QTP wait until the application is ready for the next step

18. QTP - Synchronization Wait Statement
Inserting a Synchronization point (WaitProperty):
Insert  Synchronization point (enabled only while recording) Can even be written in the Expert View
Using Exist property
When working with tests, we can increase the default timeout setting (20secs) for a test to instruct QTP to allow more time for objects to appear
File  Setting  Run  Object Synchronization Timeout

19. QTP – Data Driven testing
Data-driven testing is a framework where test data, expected result, actual result, status etc is put in and read from outside of the test script
Source for Data can be Database, Excel Files, DataTable, Notepad files, XML files etc
Reading of the data files and rest of the code and logic is written in the test script
Test scripts are built in such a way that they should work for different sets of data without any changes.

20. QTP – Data Driven testing

21. QTP – Data Driven testing – Data Table
A QTP Test consists of Actions
By default a test contains one Action (Action1)
A new test in QTP by default has one Global sheet and one local sheet (of Action 1) in the DataTable
Every new Action added to the test will come with a local sheet of it s own
The name of the Action will be the name of its local sheet
More sheets to a test can be added programmatically
Global, Local and all other sheets can be accessed by any Action (Data in any action can be used in any other actions)
By default, one row is enabled in the Global and Local sheets
More rows get enabled as data is entered into the respective sheets
View  DataTable

22. QTP – Data Driven testing – Data Table
Every test by default runs for all rows enabled in the Global sheet
This mean that number of rows enabled in the Global sheet will be the number of times the test runs
To run the test for less iterations, settings have to be changed in the Test Settings
File  Setting  Run
Every action by default runs for one iteration
This means that even if we have 3 rows of data in the Action (3 rows enabled) the Action by default will still run only once
If we want to run the Action more than once or for all rows enabled in the sheet then setting have to be changed in Action Call Properties.

23. QTP – Data Driven testing – Data Table
A simple login and logout of 3 users each with a different user id and password and check if the login is successful, How does it work if the data is in Action sheet and then in Global Sheet
Login  Create 3 orders  logout
Login  Create Oder  Logout. Create 3 orders
In any application create 3 accounts. Put the data in an excel, import the data into QTP and export the result back to excel

24. QTP – CHECKPOINTS
A checkpoint is a verification point that compares the expected value for specified properties with the current or actual value for those properties
This enables us to identify whether the application is functiona

25. QTP – Descriptive Programming
A way of creating scripts in QTP without the need for an OR

26. QTP – Descriptive Programming

27. QTP – Descriptive Programming
The same process is followed in the DP approach too.. But the only difference is that there is no OR
Because we don’t us OR in the Descriptive Programming approach, we have to provide all the information needed by the QTP to identify an object in the test statement.
We will have to follow a particular syntax while creating scripts using DP approach
Scripts cannot be recorded if DP has to be used
Test in DP approach can be written in 2 ways
Using Properties Collection object or Description object
Using String Representation

28. QTP – Descriptive Programming
Identify the objects needed for a test step
Create a description object (properties collection object ) for all the object needed
Then get the properties (mandatory and assistive, if needed and ordinal identifiers if needed identification of these objects from Tools  object Identification
Use Object spy to get the values for these properties
Then provide all the properties and their values including Object identifier needed for QTP to identify the objects to the Properties Collection Object
Use the properties collection object to create the test statement or test step
Note: Each description object had 3 properties “Name”, “Value” and “Regular Expression”.