1. Reducing Diarrheal Diseases through Hygiene Improvement

2. Proportional Mortality Among Under Fives Year 2002 Worldwide Malnutrition 54% Source: WHO 2002 Diarrheal disease caused an estimated 1.6 million deaths among children under the age of 5 in developing countries out of a total of 10.5 million deaths in 2002

3. The Problem Diarrhea is… Serious: Over 1.6 million deaths in under 5s each year Common: Almost 2 billion total cases per year Costly: Health care and household burden The number of cases has not gone down in 30 years.

4. Burden of disease due to selected risk factors World Health Report, 2002

5. FieldsFluidsFingersFliesFecesFood New Host Water Quality Water Quantity Hand Washing Reducing Exposure to Diarrhea Pathogens- The F-Diagram Source: Wagner and Lanois, 1958 Sanitation

6. Feces Disposal can reduce diarrheal diseases by 30% or more.

7. Hand washing can reduce diarrheal diseases by 40% or more.

8. Improving Quality of Water at POU can reduce diarrheal diseases by 30%-40%.

9. Why Hygiene? POU water treatment – 30-40% reduction (twice as effective as interventions at water source) Safe storage – at least 20% reduction Proper hand washing – 40% or more reduction Sanitation – 30% or more reduction with basic, low-cost systems